① fail通常有下面幾種用法。
(1)表示“失敗”,fail是不及物動(dòng)詞,后不可跟賓語(yǔ)。
His plan failed. 他的計(jì)劃失敗了。
She did her best but she failed at last. 她盡了最大努力,但是最后還是失敗了。
(2)表示“不及格,沒(méi)通過(guò)(考試)”,fail常用作及物動(dòng)詞,后跟exam,maths,English等學(xué)科名詞。
She failed the exam. 那次考試她不及格。
He failed the maths exam again. 他數(shù)學(xué)考試又沒(méi)有及格。
She failed Chinese. 她語(yǔ)文考試不及格。
“某學(xué)科考試不及格”也可用“fail in+學(xué)科名詞”表示。
She failed chemistry. 她化學(xué)考試不及格。
(3)fail to do sth. 表示“沒(méi)有做某事,沒(méi)有能夠做某事。
He failed to swim across the river. 他沒(méi)能游過(guò)這條河。
She failed arriving on time.
She failed to arrive on time.
她沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)。
② not/never fail to do相當(dāng)于cannot but do,be sure to do,意為“務(wù)必,必須,一定”,要注意譯法。
If you pass the entrance examination,don't fail to phone me. 如果你通過(guò)了入學(xué)考試,務(wù)必給我打電話。
She never fails to attain her goal. 她一定會(huì)達(dá)到目的。
③ lose為及物動(dòng)詞,后接match,game,battle,war,case等。另外,表示“被……打敗”或“輸給……”時(shí),常用be beaten by sb. 或be defeated by sb.。
Class A was defeated by Class B in the game. A班在比賽中輸給了B班。