美國文化脫口秀 第412期:英語縮寫怎么用、怎么念
關(guān)鍵詞：
首先，英語里有兩個(gè)縮寫概念：
Acronyms: 縮寫
Abbreviations: 縮寫
What's the difference? 有何區(qū)別?
Acronyms are the first letters of each word:首字母縮略詞
比如：AKA
Abbreviations are short versions of a word: 一個(gè)詞縮短
比如：Co., Ltd
今天我們先分享acronyms, 以后跟大家說說abbreviations。
AKA (Also known as)
AKA (also known as): 別名
怎么用?
人名，特別是有名的人：
Shaquille O'Neal, aka Shaq: 奧尼爾，別名大鯊魚
地名，特別是有特色的地方：
Paris, aka the city of lights: 巴黎，也稱之為燈光之城
Paris, aka the city of love: 巴黎，也稱之為浪漫之都
怎么念?
Read each letter: 每個(gè)字母單獨(dú)發(fā)音
ASAP (as soon as possible): 盡快、越快越好
怎么用?
I'll be there asap: 我會(huì)盡快趕來
怎么念?
口語里可以直接念 eh-SAPP
BTW (By the Way)
BTW (by the way): 順便提一句
怎么用?
When giving additional information, giving a reminder or asking a small question: 補(bǔ)充信息、提醒、問小問題時(shí)
Everyday work communications, whether it's emails, WeChat: 日常工作溝通，如郵件、微信
怎么念?
Read each letter: 每個(gè)詞單獨(dú)念
DIY (Do it Yourself)
DIY (Do it yourself): 自己做、自助、自制
怎么用?
DIY culture is very common in North America: 北美凡事都要自己動(dòng)手
A DIY master: 很能干的人
A very handy person: 能干、特別指會(huì)自己修東西、裝東西
DIY kits: 自制產(chǎn)品套裝
DIY furniture: 自己拼裝的家具
怎么念?
Read each letter: 每個(gè)字母單獨(dú)念
EOBD (end of business day): 工作日結(jié)束前
BD (birthday): 生日
Happy BD! 生快!
BD (business development)：業(yè)務(wù)拓展
FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)
FAQ (frequently asked questions): 常見問題
怎么用?
Almost each product or service has a FAQ section: 幾乎每個(gè)產(chǎn)品、服務(wù)都會(huì)有常見問題版塊
怎么念?
Best to read each letter, otherwise it might sound like a swear word: 最好每個(gè)字母念出來, 不然有可能像臟話
FYI (For your Information)
FYI (for your information): 供你參考
怎么用?
Giving detailed or additional information: 提供詳細(xì)或額外信息時(shí)
怎么念?
Read each letter: 每個(gè)字母單獨(dú)發(fā)音
FYI和BTW有點(diǎn)像，有何不同?
Use FYI at work：FYI更適合工作用
BTW with friends: BTW適合和朋友用
*To coin a new phrase or new word*: 發(fā)明一個(gè)新說法、新詞
Coin這里不是硬幣的意思
英語縮寫怎么用、怎么念
IDK (I don't know)
IDK (I don't know): 我不知道
怎么用?
Use it in casual situations. Don't use at work: 私下輕松的場合用，不要用在工作中
You don't want to seem clueless: 不然讓人感覺傻傻的
怎么念?
Read each letter: 每個(gè)字母單獨(dú)念
IMHO (In my Humble Opinion)
來學(xué)一對(duì)很像的縮寫：
IMO (In my opinion): 個(gè)人意見
IMHO (In my humble opinion): 個(gè)人拙見
怎么用?
When you are giving your personal opinions: 給個(gè)人意見時(shí)
Commonly used in reviews: 一些點(diǎn)評(píng)里常用，比如飯店評(píng)論
Or when giving your view about another person: 或者表達(dá)對(duì)另一個(gè)人的看法時(shí)
Could be used at work, but only in casual work situations: 工作中偶爾可以用，跟比較熟的同事
怎么念?
Read each letter: 每個(gè)字母念出來
LOL (Laugh out Loud)
LOL (laugh out loud): 真好笑、笑死了
怎么用?
When something or someone is really funny: 看到好玩兒的事(如視頻 )、或者說一個(gè)人很搞笑，都可以用
怎么念?
You can read each letter or say LOL (laul): 既可以每個(gè)字母單獨(dú)發(fā)音，也可以連起來說laul
N/A (not available; not applicable)
N/A (Not available): 不適用、沒空
N/A (Not applicable): 不適用
怎么用?
When filling out forms, write N/A for fields not applicable: 填表的時(shí)候，如果某一欄對(duì)你不適用，可以寫N/A
OMG (Oh my God)
OMG (Oh My God): 我的天，表示驚嘆
怎么念?
Read each letter: 每個(gè)字母念出來
注意使用OMG：
一些非常虔誠的基督徒不喜歡用OMG這類涉及上帝的說法，他們覺得不尊重神。
所以，如果你知道一個(gè)人是教徒，或者是到美國南方這樣比較虔誠的地區(qū)，盡量不要用OMG, Oh My God。
TGIF (Thank God it's Friday)
TGIF (Thank God it's Friday): 感謝神，周五啦!
怎么用?
Use it on Fridays to express excitement for the weekend: 周五的時(shí)候，可以說這句，表達(dá)對(duì)周末的期待
怎么念?
Read each letter: 每個(gè)字母念出來
TGI Friday's, American diner chain: 美式連鎖餐廳TGI Friday's
POV (Point of View)
POV (point of view): 觀點(diǎn)
怎么用?
A POV statement is a key part of design thinking: 觀點(diǎn)闡述是設(shè)計(jì)思維的重要組成部分
上面這張圖就是一個(gè)POV statement (觀點(diǎn)闡述)
怎么念?
Read each letter: 每個(gè)字母單獨(dú)念出來
PS (Postscript)
PS (postscript): 附錄、附
怎么用?
At the end of an email, use P.S. as a personal signoff: 郵件結(jié)尾，可以用來寫一句比較私人的問候結(jié)尾
Use as a friendly end to a work email: 工作郵件結(jié)束時(shí)，用PS作一個(gè)有人情味兒的問候
怎么念?
Read each letter: 每個(gè)字母念出來
RSVP (Répondez s'il vous pla?t)
RSVP (repondez s'il vous plait): 請(qǐng)回復(fù)告知是否出席，來源于法語，但現(xiàn)在這個(gè)縮寫已經(jīng)進(jìn)入英語了
怎么用?
On event and party invitations, you'll see "RSVP": 活動(dòng)、派對(duì)的邀請(qǐng)通常都會(huì)讓你RSVP
Please RSVP by ...date: 請(qǐng)?jiān)谀硞€(gè)日期前回復(fù)是否參與
怎么念?
Read each letter: 每個(gè)字母單獨(dú)念
TBA (To be Announced)
TBA (to be announced): 待公布
TBC (to be confirmed): 待確認(rèn)
怎么用?
You see TBA and TBC when details are not fully flushed out: 細(xì)節(jié)還沒有都確定，比如大的活動(dòng)，有些細(xì)節(jié)待定，就會(huì)看到TBA或者TBC
追劇時(shí)的TBC
TBC(to be continued): 未完待續(xù)
At the end of an episode: 有些連續(xù)劇一集結(jié)束時(shí)會(huì)寫To be continued
TTYL (Talk to you Later)
TTYL (ta;k to you later): 下次再聊
怎么用?
Use at the end of a conversation as a casual way of saying goodbye: 交談結(jié)束時(shí)，很輕松的一種說再見的方法
Used more in WeChat messages/texts: 發(fā)微信、短信的時(shí)候常用
怎么念?
Read each letter: 每個(gè)字母單獨(dú)念
