英國(guó)學(xué)生科學(xué)讀本 Lesson 67 羊毛漫談(2)

A single fibre of wool is very weak, but by means of a machine these fibres are twisted together to make woollen yarn, which is a strong, loose thread. This twisting together of the fibres is called spinning. The fibres are curly or wavy, and are also rough and scaly, so that they hold together very well.

單獨(dú)的一根羊毛纖維非常脆弱, 然而, 通過(guò)機(jī)器加工, 這些纖維便會(huì)擰在一起并形成柔軟而非常結(jié)實(shí)的毛紗。這樣將纖維纏繞在一起的步驟就叫做紡紗。這些卷曲的纖維非常粗糙且長(zhǎng)有鱗片, 可以很結(jié)實(shí)地纏繞在一起。

The woollen yarn is next woven into cloth by a machine called a loom. If you hold up to the light a piece of any woollen stuff, you will see that it is made of two sets of threads, which cross each other. It is this crossing and interlacing of the threads that is called weaving.

接下來(lái), 一臺(tái)名為織布機(jī)的機(jī)器就會(huì)把這些毛紗編織成衣服。如果你拿起任何一件羊毛制品對(duì)著光看, 就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它由兩套交叉或十字形的毛線組成。這種毛線之間的交叉就是編織。

The colour of wool as it grows on the sheep's back is a yellowish white. But we can make it any colour we please by dyeing it, which may be done either before or after the weaving.

生長(zhǎng)在綿羊背上的羊毛呈現(xiàn)的是一種黃白色。不過(guò)可以通過(guò)染色讓它們變成任何我們希望看到的顏色, 染色可以在編織之前, 也可以在編織之后。

The most common kinds of woollen cloth are flannel, serge, merino, and tweed. Stockings, gloves, and many other articles of clothing, are also made of wool, but not by weaving;they are knitted from woollen thread.

最常見(jiàn)的羊毛衣料是法蘭絨、嗶嘰、美利奴以及粗花呢。長(zhǎng)襪、手套與其他很多衣物同樣也可以選用羊毛, 不過(guò)它們由毛紗針織而不是紡織而成。

Wool is a good material for clothing, for many reasons. It keeps in the heat of our bodies, and does not let in the cold air. It also soaks up the sweat from the skin very well, and thus keeps us from catching cold. Although wool costs more than cotton, woollen clothes are really cheap clothes, because they wear very well indeed.

羊毛是制造衣物的理想材料, 因?yàn)椋核梢宰屛覀儽３稚眢w熱量不受冷空氣侵襲, 還能夠很好地吸汗, 這樣我們就不會(huì)感冒。羊毛的價(jià)格比棉花要貴出不少, 但是毛紡衣物真的是物美價(jià)廉, 因?yàn)樗鼈兎浅Ｄ湍ァ?/p>

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