高中語法專練：ii. 不定式作賓語

ii. 不定式作賓語

1. 只能以不定式作賓語，而不能以動名詞作賓語的動詞有：

(“希”“望”干) wish, hop, expect, long, desire；

(早“打算”) plan, mean, prepare, attempt, intend;

(“同意”“否”) agree, consent, refuse, decline;

（“尋”“問” 看）seek, ask, beg;

(“選”“定”了) choose, decide, determine, promise;

(“盡”“自愿”) manage, volunteer, tend;

(“稱”“失敗”) claim, fail;

（“敢”“裝蒜”）dare, pretend

We decided to have a meeting this afternoon.

我們決定今天下午開會。

He promised to buy me a present for my birthday.

他承諾給我買個生日禮物。

She pretended to be sleeping when I came in.

我進(jìn)來的時候她假裝在睡覺。

2. 可用于“動詞+ it +形容詞/名詞+ to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞：feel, find, make, think, believe,　consider等。

I find it difficult to work with him.

我發(fā)現(xiàn)難以和他一起工作。

I believe it best to give up smoking.

我認(rèn)為最好戒煙。

He thought it a great pity not to have invited her.

他認(rèn)為沒有邀請她是很遺憾的。

3. 后接動詞不定式作賓語的形容詞有：happy, glad, pleased, sure, ready, anxious, eager, free, afraid, willing等。

He is always ready to help others.

他總是樂于助人。

I am pleased to meet you.

我很高興認(rèn)識你。

4. 有些介詞后也可以用不定式作賓語，如介詞but, about, except, save等。當(dāng)介詞前有行為動詞do時，不定式省去to。

I had no choice but to lie down and sleep.

我無可選擇只有躺下睡覺。

He did nothing but play yesterday.

昨天他除了玩沒有干任何事情。

She would like to do anything except study.

除了學(xué)習(xí)，她什么都愿意干。

5. “疑問詞+不定式”常作下列動詞的賓語：decide, find, forget, know, learn, remember, settle, consider, wonder等，疑問詞可以是what, where, who(m), when, how, whether, which等，why除外。

I don't know what to do next.

我不知道下一步該做什么。

6. 有些雙賓語及物動詞也可以跟“疑問詞+不定式”作直接賓語。

The teacher taught us how to sing the English songs last week.

老師上周教授我們?nèi)绾纬⒄Z歌曲。

7. 帶疑問詞的不定式通常也可以作介詞的賓語。

Whether we will hold the sports meet next week depends on who to decide it.

我們是否下周開運動會取決于誰決定此事。

專項練習(xí)

1. The flu is believed _______ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.

A. causing

B. being caused

C. to be caused

D. to have been caused

2. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _______ road conditions need _______.

A. that; to be improved

B. which; to be improved

C. where; improving

D. when; improving

3. Remember _______ the magazine when you have finished reading it.

A. putting back

B. having put back

C. to put back

D. will put back

4. —I'm sorry I forgot _______ your dictionary.

—Let's use Li Hua's.

A. to take

B. taking

C. to bring

D. bringing

5. At the moment, Jason is considering _______ next.

A. to do what

B. what to do

C. doing what

D. what doing

6. I first considered _______ to him, but then I decided _______ him.

A. writing; phoning

B. to write; to phone

C. writing; to phone

D. to write; phoning

7. Tom is always forgetting things he has done. Yesterday, he forgot _______ and looked for it everywhere.

A. to post the letter

B. to have the letter posted

C. to having posted the letter

D. having posted the letter

8. You didn't hear us come in last night. We tried _______ noisy.

A. to be not

B. not to be

C. not being

D. being not

9. My brother regretted _______ a lecture given by Prof. Wang.

A. missing

B. to miss

C. missed

D. being missing

10. I regret _______ you that we are unable to offer you a job.

A. informing

B. having informed

C. to inform

D. to informing

11. He felt tired with typing the lecture. So he stopped _______ a short break.

A. having

B. to have

C. taking

D. to taking

12. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving _______ their products more competitive.

A. to make

B. making

C. to have made

D. having made

13. She had no choice but _______ in the corner of the room _______.

A. to sit; wept

B. to sit; weeping

C. sit; wept

D. sat; weeping

14. —You have come just in time to help us.

—Fine. What needs _______?

A. I do

B. done

C. to be done

D. to do

15. That evening, he set about _______ the report _______ the next morning.

A. write; to hand in

B. to write; handing in

C. written; to hand in

D. writing; to be handed in

16. There seemed nothing _______ to do but _______ for the doctor.

A. leave; send

B. left; to send

C. left; send

D. leaving; send

17. Do you think it difficult _______ a dolphin _______?

A. to train; jumping

B. training; for jumping

C. to train; jump

D. to train, to jump

18. I prefer _______ rather than _______.

A. to do some reading; watching TV

B. doing some reading; watching TV

C. to do some reading; watch TV

D. doing some reading; to watch TV

19. The two boys pretended _______ very hard, though they did nothing.

A. study

B. studying

C. to be studied

D. to be studying

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