下面的這個例句是關于人們對英國前首相撒切爾夫人的評論——For many Britons accustomed to watching Thatcher browbeat enemies and dress down aides, it seemed like only a matter of time before her support for Major would cool. 對很多看慣撒切爾向她的政敵怒目而視或斥責僚屬的英國人來說,她對梅杰的支持遲早都會冷卻。
注解1:單詞 accustomed [??k?st?md] 習慣了的; 適應了的 Thatcher ['θæt??] 撒切爾(前英國首相) (thatcher 蓋屋匠) browbeat ['braubi:t] 嚇唬,威逼 aide [eid] 助手, 副官, 侍從武官 cool 冷卻
注解2:短語be accustomed to sth ( doing sth )是“習慣于某事”“習慣于做某事”的意思。例如:Conditions here are not what she's accustomed to. 這里的條件不是她所習慣享受的。My eyes slowly grew accustomed to the gloom. 我的眼睛對黑暗慢慢適應了。(grow accustomed和be accustomed比較)
注解3:watch sb do sth這個動詞短語結構,意思是觀看某人做某事,看某人做某事。賓語sb后面的補足語是用動詞原形,也有watch sb doing sth這個動詞短語結構,它們之間的區(qū)別就在于看對方在做這件事,是不是當時對方的動作正在發(fā)生。我們來看2個例子來辨析:I watched her go out of the room just now. 我看見她剛才出去了。(這句話中的我看這個動作,看到的是她出去,出去的這個動作整個過程,話句話說就是強調事實。)The girl is watching the the chief stealing something. 那個女孩在看見小偷正在偷東西。(這句話中女孩觀看的時候,看的時候小偷偷東西這個動作正在發(fā)生,這里強調動作。)
注解3:短語a matter of time是指(某事肯定發(fā)生只是)時間問題,是遲早的事情。例如:It was only a matter of time. 一切不過只是時間早晚的問題。Thoughts of you dance through my mind. Knowing, it is just a matter of time. 我知道對你的思念揮之不去。知道,這只是個時間問題。
It is (only ) a matter of time before+從句可以視為一個句型,意思是某事情(或某種情況)是遲早會發(fā)生的事情。 例如:It is only a matter of time before some companies go under. 部分公司破產也只是時間的問題。(備注: go under = go broke , run outof bank, go bankrupt 破產 )
注解4:短語support for sb/sth是“對......支持”“支撐.......”的意思。例如:They are trying to win support for their proposals.他們在努力爭取人們支持他們的建議。Support for his cabinet has risen sharply in the past week. 在過去一周里,他的內閣的支持率已急劇上升。(備注:in the past week 在過去的一周)
注解5:該句話的狀語就是一個在介詞短語For many Britons,后面的accustomed to watching Thatcher browbeat enemies and dress down aides是過去分詞短語做后置定語,這個過去分詞中又含有一個介詞短語to watching Thatcher browbeat enemies and dress down aides,在這個介詞短語中含有動詞+賓語+賓語的補足語這樣的結構,而且賓語的補足語又是由動詞原形來充當,賓語補足語又是由2個并且的動賓結構構成。句子的主要部分是it seemed like only a matter of time before her support for Major would cool. 這是一個含有時間狀語從句的復合句。Seem在主句中是做系動詞,like是介詞,seem like意思是看上去像......,好像。
Dress down除了有“嚴厲斥責”的意思,還有“穿著隨意”的意思。例如:You can't dress down in diplomatic occasions. 在外交場合你不能穿著隨便。Many companies have an official dress down day once a month or so, on which employees may wear blue jeans, running shoes, and T-shirts to the office - in other words,wear their weekend clothes to work. 許多公司大約一個月就有一次法定的“便裝日”,在這一天,雇員們可以穿著藍牛仔褲、球鞋和T恤衫去辦公室——也就是說,穿著度周末時的衣服去上班。(備注:or so 大約 in other words 換句話說,用別的話說)
那么dress down的反義詞很容易聯想就是dress up,它的意思是盛裝打扮,穿著嚴謹。例如:Her maid helped her to dress up for the party. 他的女仆幫助他穿上參加晚會的禮服。