48 主格人稱代詞的用法 Track40
(1)主格人稱代詞在句中用作主語
a. She is my daughter.
b. He won't come with me.
(2)作并列主語時,主格人稱代詞的排列順序
注意:單數(shù)第一人稱I總是要放在所有人稱代詞的最后位置。比如我們一般不說:
I, you and he* I and he* I and you*
(3)表示泛指的主格代詞
1)one
one作不定人稱代詞,意思是“任何人”,因此只能用于談論泛指的人們,而且是包括說話者本人在內(nèi)。不能用來專指某一個人或某一特定的群體,也不能用來指不包括說話人在內(nèi)的一群人。例如:
a. One should always try to help people.
b. One can't make an omelette without breaking eggs.
不把雞蛋打破誰也做不了煎蛋卷(有得必有失)。
但是不能說:
One is knocking at the door.* 有人在敲門。
此句中的one顯然沒有包括說話者本人在內(nèi),所以使用錯誤。應該改為:
Somebody is knocking at the door.
關于one后面使用的代詞,在美國英語中,一般用he, him, himself或his;而在英國英語中常用one, oneself或one's。
a. One should be careful in talking to his/one's boss.
b. One can't succeed unless he/one tries hard.
c. One never realizes how much and how little he knows until he starts talking.
人們只有在與別人進行交流時,才真正知道自己到底懂得多少。
2)we,you,they用來表示泛指
a. We/You/One should never lose heart in face of difficulties.
在困難面前人們決不能灰心泄氣。
they常意為“人們”,例如:they say=people say或it is said。
b. They say it is going to be a cold winter. 據(jù)說今年冬季會很冷。
(4)she (her)可用于擬人化,表示country, motherland, moon, earth, ship等等。
a. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense wall of ice that rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.
“泰坦尼克號”客輪及時調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)方向,剛好避開她身旁的那座高出海面一百多英尺的巨大冰山。
b. The ship lost most of her rigging in the storm.
船在暴風雨中損失了大部分的設備。