演講MP3+雙語文稿:感謝所有為我早上的咖啡負(fù)責(zé)的人

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【演講者及介紹】A.J. Jacobs

A.J. Jacobs讓自己沉浸在另一種生活方式和滑稽的實驗中(通常他自己就是實驗對象)，測試行為、習(xí)俗和文化的極限，并匯報他所獲得的智慧和實用知識。

【演講主題】我要感謝所有為我早上的咖啡負(fù)責(zé)的人

【中英文字幕】

翻譯者 psjmz mz 校對者 Hanlin Wang

00:12

So, I don't like to boast, but I am verygood at finding things to be annoyed about. It is a real specialty of mine. Ican hear 100 compliments and a single insult, and what do I remember? Theinsult. And according to the research, I'm not alone.

我不喜歡自吹自擂，但我非常擅長發(fā)現(xiàn)令人煩惱的東西。我對此非常在行。在聽到100句贊美和1句侮辱后，我會記住什么？那句侮辱。研究表明，不是只有我一個人這樣。

00:32

Unfortunately, the human brain is wired tofocus on the negative. Now, this might have been helpful when we were cavepeople, trying to avoid predators, but now it's a terrible way to go throughlife. It is a real major component of anxiety and depression.

不幸的是，人類大腦天生就會關(guān)注消極的事情。當(dāng)我們居住在洞穴時，這可能會幫助我們躲開捕食者，但如今這卻是很糟糕的生活方式。它是焦慮和抑郁的主要組成部分。

00:52

So how can we fight the brain's negativebias? According to a lot of research, one of the best weapons is gratitude. Soknowing this, I started a new tradition in our house a couple of years ago.Before a meal with my wife and kids, I would say a prayer of thanksgiving.Prayer is not quite the right word. I'm agnostic, so instead of thanking God, Iwould thank some of the people who helped make my food a reality. I'd say,"I'd like to thank the farmer who grew these tomatoes, and the trucker whodrove these tomatoes to the store, and the cashier who rang these tomatoesup."

那我們?nèi)绾胃竽X的負(fù)面偏見做斗爭呢？大量的研究認(rèn)為，最好的武器之一是感恩。知道這點后，幾年前我在家養(yǎng)成了一個新的習(xí)慣。在與妻子和兒女開始吃飯前，我會做感恩祈禱。祈禱也許不是非常準(zhǔn)確的詞。我是不可知論者，所以我的感謝對象不是上帝，而是那些幫助把食品送到餐桌上的人們。我會說：“我感謝種這些西紅柿的農(nóng)民，感謝把西紅柿送到商店的司機(jī)，還有把西紅柿包裝起來的收銀員?！?/p>

01:35

And I thought it was going pretty well,this tradition. Then one day, my 10-year-old son said, "You know, Dad,those people aren't in our apartment. They can't hear you. If you really cared,you would go and thank them in person." And I thought, "Hmm. That'san interesting idea."

我覺得這個習(xí)慣挺好的。之后有一天，我10歲的兒子說，“你知道嗎，爸爸，這些人不在我們家里。他們聽不到你的感恩。如果你發(fā)自真心，你應(yīng)該當(dāng)面感謝他們?！蔽蚁?，“嗯，這是個有趣的主意?！?/p>

01:53

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

01:54

Now I'm a writer, and for my books I liketo go on adventures. Go on quests. So I decided I'm going to take my son up onhis challenge. It seemed simple enough. And to make it even simpler, I decidedto focus on just one item. An item I can't live without: my morning cup ofcoffee. Well, it turned out to be not so simple at all.

我現(xiàn)在是個作家，我為了寫書愿意去冒險。完成任務(wù)。于是我決定帶上我兒子去挑戰(zhàn)。這似乎很簡單。為了更精簡，我決定專注在一件事物上。這個在我的生活中必不可缺的事物：我早上喝的咖啡。結(jié)果這場冒險一點都不簡單。

02:20

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

02:21

This quest took me months. It took mearound the world. Because I discovered that my coffee would not be possiblewithout hundreds of people I take for granted. So I would thank the trucker whodrove the coffee beans to the coffee shop. But he couldn't have done his jobwithout the road. So I would thank the people who paved the road.

這個任務(wù)花了我?guī)讉€月的時間環(huán)游世界。因為我發(fā)現(xiàn)如果沒有那幾百個我本認(rèn)為理應(yīng)各司其職的人，咖啡就不可能被送到我手中。所以我感謝卡車司機(jī)，因為他把咖啡豆運(yùn)到咖啡店。但如果沒有道路，他的工作就沒法完成。所以我會感謝鋪路的人。

02:44

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

02:45

And then I would thank the people who madethe asphalt for the pavement. And I came to realize that my coffee, like somuch else in the world, requires the combined work of a shocking number ofpeople from all walks of life. Architects, biologists, designers, miners, goatherds, you name it.

然后我會感謝那些為路制造瀝青的人。我開始意識到，咖啡就像世界其他事物一樣，需要來自各行各業(yè)眾多的人協(xié)力合作，才能送到我手中。建筑師，生物學(xué)家，設(shè)計師，礦工，牧羊人，凡是你能說出的所有職業(yè)。

03:10

I decided to call my project "Thanks aThousand." Because I ended up thanking over a thousand people. And it wasoverwhelming, but it was also wonderful. Because it allowed me to focus on thehundreds of things that go right every day, as opposed to the three or fourthat go wrong. And it reminded me of the astounding interconnectedness or ourworld. I learned dozens of lessons during this project, but let me just focuson five today.

我決定把我的項目叫做“感謝千人”。因為我最后感謝了一千人。這個項目讓人精疲力盡，但也非常美妙。因為它讓我開始關(guān)注每天數(shù)百個正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的事情，而不是三四個出錯的事情。它提醒我這個世界中驚人的互聯(lián)性。我在這項任務(wù)中學(xué)到了很多東西，但今天我想給你們講其中五點。

03:43

The first is: look up. I started my trailof gratitude by thanking the barista at my local coffee shop, Joe Coffee in NewYork. Her name is Chung, and Chung is one of the most upbeat people you willever meet. Big smiler, enthusiastic hugger. But even for Chung, being a baristais hard. And that's because you are encountering people in a very dangerousstate.

第一點是：抬頭看。我首先感謝了我家附近咖啡店的咖啡師，紐約的喬咖啡。她的名字叫鐘，鐘是你能遇到的最樂觀的人之一。笑容燦爛，熱情四射。但即使對她來說，做咖啡師也不容易。因為你遇到的人都處于非常危險的狀態(tài)。

04:11

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

04:12

You know what it is -- precaffeination.

你們知道這是什么意思——咖啡因攝入前。

04:15

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

04:17

So, Chung has had people yell at her untilshe cried, including a nine-year-old girl, who didn't like the whipped creamdesign that Chung did on her hot chocolate. So I thanked Chung, and she thankedme for thanking her. I cut it off there. I didn't want to go into an infinitethanking loop.

鐘曾遇到對她大喊大叫，直到把她弄哭的人，其中包括一位9歲的小女孩，她不喜歡鐘在熱巧克力上做的奶油設(shè)計。所以我感謝了鐘，她也感謝了我對她的感恩。我從這里打住了。我不想進(jìn)入無休止的感謝循環(huán)。

04:37

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

04:39

But Chung said that the hardest part iswhen people don't even treat her like a human being. They treat her like avending machine. So, they'll hand her their credit card without even looking upfrom their phone. And while she's saying this, I'm realizing I've done that.I've been that a-hole. And at that moment, I pledged: when dealing with people,I'm going to take those two seconds and look at them, make eye contact. Becauseit reminds you, you're dealing with a human being who has family andaspirations and embarrassing high school memories. And that little moment ofconnection is so important to both people's humanity and happiness.

但鐘說最困難的時候是當(dāng)人們不把她當(dāng)人類看時。他們把她看作自動售貨機(jī)。人們遞給她信用卡時，甚至眼睛都不離開手機(jī)。當(dāng)她說到這兒時，我意識到我也這樣做過。我就是那個混蛋。在那一刻，我發(fā)誓：和人打交道時，我會用兩秒鐘看著他們，做眼神接觸。因為這提醒你，你是在與人打交道，對方也有家人，有夢想，有高中時期的尷尬回憶。這一片刻的連接對人性和幸福感都非常重要。

05:26

Alright, second lesson was: smell theroses. And the dirt. And the fertilizer. After Chung, I thanked this man. Thisis Ed Kaufmann. And Ed is the one who chooses which coffee they serve at mylocal coffee shop. He goes around the world, to South America, to Africa,finding the best coffee beans. So I thanked Ed. And in return, Ed showed me howto taste coffee like a pro. And it is quite a ritual. You take your spoon andyou dip it in the coffee and then you take a big, loud slurp. Almostcartoonishly loud. This is because you want to spray the coffee all over yourmouth. You have taste buds in the side of your cheeks, in the roof of yourmouth, you've got to get them all. So Ed would do this and he would -- his facewould light up and he would say, "This coffee tastes of Honeycrisp appleand notes of soil and maple syrup." And I would take a sip and I'd say,"I'm picking up coffee.

第二點是：聞一聞玫瑰花香，泥土和肥料。在鐘之后，我感謝了這位男士。他叫埃德·考夫曼。埃德是負(fù)責(zé)挑選哪種咖啡能在本地咖啡店出售的人。他環(huán)游全球，從南美，到非洲，只為尋找最好的咖啡豆。所以我感謝了埃德。作為回報，埃德向我展示了如何像專家一樣品嘗咖啡。這就好像是一種儀式。你拿起勺子，將它浸在咖啡中，然后聲音響亮地喝一口。就像卡通片里面那樣響亮。這是因為你需要讓口腔內(nèi)充滿咖啡。你的臉頰兩側(cè)有味蕾，在口腔頂部，你要讓它們都嘗到。所以埃德會這樣品嘗咖啡，然后——他的神情會明亮起來，他會說，“這種咖啡有甜脆蘋果，還有泥土和楓糖漿的味道?！倍視纫恍】诰驼f，“我嘗到了咖啡的味道，

06:35

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

06:37

It tastes to me like coffee."

它喝起來就像咖啡?！?/p>

06:39

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

06:41

But inspired by Ed, I decided to really letthe coffee sit on my tongue for five seconds -- we're all busy, but I couldspare five seconds, and really think about the texture and the acidity and thesweetness. And I started to do it with other foods. And this idea of savoringis so important to gratitude. Psychologists talk about how gratitude is abouttaking a moment and holding on to it as long as possible. And slowing downtime. So that life doesn't go by in one big blur, as it often does.

受埃德啟發(fā)，我決定讓咖啡在我的舌尖縈繞5秒——我們都很忙，但我可以空出5秒，仔細(xì)體會它的質(zhì)地，酸度和甜度。然后我開始在其他食物上也做這樣的嘗試。這種品嘗的想法對于感恩是非常重要的。心理學(xué)家所認(rèn)為的感恩就是花點時間，盡可能長時間地保持，然后放慢時間。這樣生活就不會像往常一樣糊涂度過。

07:21

Number three is: find the hiddenmasterpieces all around you. Now, one of my favorite conversations during thisyear was with the guy who invented my coffee cup lid. And until this point, Ihad given approximately zero thought to coffee cup lids. But I loved talking tothis inventor, Doug Fleming, because he was so passionate. And the blood andsweat and tears he put into this lid, and that I had never even considered. Hesays a bad lid can ruin your coffee. That it can block the aroma, which is soimportant to the experience. So he -- he's very innovative. He's like the ElonMusk of coffee lids.

第三點是：發(fā)現(xiàn)隱藏在你周圍的杰作。我今年最喜愛的一次交談是與咖啡杯蓋的發(fā)明者的談話。在那之前，我?guī)缀鯊臎]考慮過咖啡杯蓋。但我喜歡和發(fā)明它的道格·弗萊明交談，因為他充滿激情。他傾注在這個蓋子上的熱血，汗水和淚水，而在之前我從沒有考慮到。他說一個糟糕的杯蓋可能會毀掉你的咖啡。它能阻隔氣味，而氣味對體驗是非常重要的。他非常有創(chuàng)新精神。他對于咖啡杯蓋來說就是埃隆·馬斯克。

08:03

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

08:04

So he designed this lid that's got anupside-down hexagon so you can get your nose right in there and get maximumaroma. And so I was delighted talking to him, and it made me realize there arehundreds of masterpieces all around us that we totally take for granted. Likethe on-off switch on my desk lamp has a little indentation for my thumb thatperfectly fits my thumb. And when something is done well, the process behind itis largely invisible. But paying attention to it can tap into that sense ofwonder and enrich our lives.

他設(shè)計了一個倒置六邊形的蓋子，這樣你的鼻子就能湊過去最大程度地聞到香氣。我很高興和他交談，這讓我意識到我們周圍存在著數(shù)百個杰作，而我們根本沒意識到它們的偉大之處。就像桌上的臺燈開關(guān)有個小小的凹痕，正好能貼合我的拇指。當(dāng)事情完美運(yùn)作時，背后的付出幾乎是不可見的。但關(guān)注這些細(xì)節(jié)可以產(chǎn)生一種奇妙的感覺能夠豐富我們的生活。

08:44

Number four is: fake it till you feel it.By the end of the project, I was just in a thanking frenzy. So I was -- I wouldget up and spend a couple hours, I'd write emails, send notes, make phonecalls, visit people to thank them for their role in my coffee. And some ofthem, quite honestly -- not that into it. They would be like, "What isthis? Is this a pyramid scheme, what do you want, what are you selling?"But most people were surprisingly moved. I remember, I called the woman whodoes the pest control for the warehouse where my coffee is served -- I'm sorry-- where my coffee is stored. And I said, "This may sound strange, but Iwant to thank you for keeping the bugs out of my coffee." And she said,"Well, that does sound strange, but you just made my day." And it waslike an anti-crank phone call. And it didn't just affect her, it affected me.Because I would wake up every morning in my default mood, which is grumpiness,but I would force myself to write a thank-you note and then another and thenanother. And what I found was that if you act as if you're grateful, youeventually become grateful for real. The power of our actions to change ourmind is astounding. So, often we think that thought changes behavior, butbehavior very often changes our thought.

第四點是：在真正感受到之前仍要假裝感受到。在這個項目結(jié)束時，我只是在瘋狂地感謝。我會花上幾個小時，發(fā)郵件，郵便箋，打電話，拜訪人們，以感謝他們?yōu)槲业目Х人龅呢暙I(xiàn)。他們中一些人，非常誠實——沒那么喜歡這種形式。他們的反應(yīng)是，“這是什么？這是傳銷嗎，你想要什么，你想賣什么東西？”但多數(shù)人還是被驚喜感動了。我記得我打電話給那位咖啡倉庫里做害蟲防控的女士——抱歉——存放咖啡的倉庫。我說，“這聽來有點奇怪，但我想要謝謝你沒讓害蟲吃掉我的咖啡?！彼f，“好吧，這確實聽著奇怪，但你讓我很開心?！边@有點像防詐騙電話。這不僅感染了她，也感染了我自己。因為我每天早上都會在默認(rèn)情緒中醒來，那就是暴躁，但我會強(qiáng)迫自己寫下感謝紙條，一條接著一條。我發(fā)現(xiàn)如果你表現(xiàn)得很感激，你最終真的會變得感激。行動改變思想的力量非常驚人。我們往往認(rèn)為思想改變行動，但行為往往也能改變我們的思想。

10:22

And finally, the last lesson I want to tellyou about is: practice six degrees of gratitude. And every place, every stop onthis gratitude trail would give birth to 100 other people that I could thank.So I went down to Colombia to thank the farmers who grow my coffee beans. Andit was in a small mountain town, and I was driven there along these curvy,cliffside roads. And every time we went around a hairpin turn the driver woulddo the sign of the cross. And I was like, "Thank you for that.

最后，我學(xué)到的一點是：實踐六度感恩。在這條感恩之路的每一個地方，每一站，都會出現(xiàn)另外100個我可以感謝的人。我來到哥倫比亞去感謝種咖啡豆的農(nóng)民。目的地位于一座小山城中，我乘車沿著很多彎曲，陡峭的山路前進(jìn)。每次我們碰到急轉(zhuǎn)彎，司機(jī)都會做食指中指交叉的手勢。而我的反應(yīng)是，“謝謝”。

11:02

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

11:04

But can you do that while keeping yourhands on the wheel? Because I am terrified." But we made it. And I met thefarmers, the Guarnizo brothers. It's a small farm, they make great coffee,they're paid above fair-trade prices for it. And they showed me how the coffeeis grown. The bean is actually inside this fruit called the coffee cherry. AndI thanked them. And they said, "Well, we couldn't do our job without 100other people." The machine that depulps the fruit is made in Brazil, andthe pickup truck they drive around the farm, that is made from parts from allover the world. In fact, the US exports steel to Colombia. So I went toIndiana, and I thanked the steel makers. And it just drove home that it doesn'ttake a village to make a cup of coffee. It takes the world to make a cup ofcoffee.

“但你能不能同時兩手放在方向盤上？因為我被嚇到了?！钡覀冺樌竭_(dá)了。我見到了那里的農(nóng)民，戈阿尼佐兄弟。這是一個小農(nóng)場，他們的咖啡非常棒，人們會用高于市價的價格購買他們的咖啡。他們向我展示了咖啡是如何種植的?？Х榷蛊鋵嵤窃谝环N叫咖啡果的水果里面長的。我感謝了他們。他們說，“如果沒有另外100個人，我們也做不了我們的工作。”分離果實的機(jī)器是巴西制造的，他們在農(nóng)場開的載貨小卡車，是由來自世界各地的零件制造的。事實上，美國也向哥倫比亞出口了鋼鐵。所以我來到印第安納，我感謝了鋼鐵制造商。而這還讓我了解到了制作一杯咖啡不止需要一個村莊。需要全世界的力量才能做出一杯咖啡。

12:05

And this global economy, thisglobalization, it does have downsides. But I believe the long-term upsides arefar greater, that progress is real. We have made improvements in the last 50years, poverty worldwide has gone down. And that we should resist thetemptation to retreat into our silos. And we should resist this upsurge inisolationism and jingoism.

這種全球經(jīng)濟(jì)，全球化，它確實有不足。但我相信，長期的好處要大得多，這種進(jìn)步是真實的。我們在過去50年間取得了進(jìn)步，全球貧困水平下降了。我們應(yīng)該遏制退回到固步自封的誘惑。我們應(yīng)該抵制這種孤立主義和沙文主義的高漲。

12:36

Which brings me to my final point. Which ismy hope that we use gratitude as a spark to action. Some people worry thatgratitude has a downside. That we'll be so grateful, that we'll be complacent.We'll be so, "Oh, everything's wonderful, I'm so grateful." Well, itturns out, the opposite is true. The research shows that the more grateful youare, the more likely you are to help others. When you're in a bad state, you'reoften more focused on your own needs. But gratitude makes you want to pay itforward. And I experienced this personally. I mean, I'm not Mother Teresa, I'mstill a selfish bastard a huge amount of the time. But I'm better than I wasbefore this project. And that's because it made me aware of the exploitation onthe supply chain. It reminded me that what I take for granted is not availableto millions of people around the world.

這就引出了我最后一個觀點。我希望我們可以使用感恩來激勵行動。有些人擔(dān)心感恩有負(fù)面作用。我們太感恩，就會變得自滿。我們會說，“哦，一切都很好，我滿懷感激?！笔聦嵶C明，恰恰相反。研究顯示你越感恩，你越可能幫助別人。當(dāng)你身處糟糕的境地，你往往更關(guān)注你自己的需求。但感恩之情會讓你繼續(xù)下去。我個人親身體驗過。我意思是，我不是特蕾莎修女，很多時候我還是個自私的混蛋。但我比開始這個項目前好多了。因為它讓我認(rèn)識到供應(yīng)鏈的開發(fā)。它提醒我那些我認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然的東西如果沒有全球上百萬人就不可能存在。

13:40

Like water. Coffee is 98.8 percent water.So I figured I should go and thank the people at the New York reservoir,hundreds of them, who provide me water, and this miracle that I can turn alever and get safe water. And that millions of people around the world don'thave this luxury and have to walk hours to get safe water. It inspired me tosee what I could do to help people get more access, and I did research andfound a wonderful group called Dispensers for Safe Water. And I got involved.And I'm not expecting the Nobel Prize committee to knock down my door, but it'sa baby step, it's a little something. And it's all because of gratitude. Andit's why I encourage people, friends, family, to follow gratitude trails oftheir own. Because it's a life-transforming experience.

比如水。咖啡98.8%的成分是水。所以我想我應(yīng)該去感謝在紐約水庫工作的人們，為我們提供水的數(shù)百個人，還有扭轉(zhuǎn)水龍頭就能得到安全的水的奇跡。全球數(shù)百萬人并沒有這種奢侈，他們要走上幾個小時才能獲得安全的水。這啟發(fā)我思考，能做些什么去給人們提供更多飲水途徑，我研究了一下并找到了一個很棒的組織，叫做安全水配送員。我參與了其中。我不期待諾貝爾評審員敲我的門，但這是個開始，這是件有意義的小事。這全是因為感恩。這也是我為什么鼓勵大家，朋友，家人，去追尋他們自己的感恩之路。因為這是一次改變?nèi)松捏w驗。

14:34

And it doesn't have to be coffee. It couldbe anything. It could be a pair of socks, it could be a light bulb. And youdon't have to go around the world, you can just do a little gesture, like makeeye contact or send a note to the designer of a logo you love. It's more abouta mindset. Being aware of the thousands of people involved in every littlething we do. Remembering that there's someone in a factory who made the fabricfor the chairs you're sitting in right now. That someone went into a mine andgot the copper for this microphone so that I could say my final thank you,which is to thank you. Thank you a thousand for listening to my story.

它不一定是咖啡。它可以是任何事情。它可以是一雙襪子，一個燈泡。你不需要環(huán)球旅行，你只需要一個小小的動作，比如做眼神接觸，給你喜愛的標(biāo)志設(shè)計師發(fā)個郵件。這更關(guān)乎心態(tài)，意識到有數(shù)百人參與進(jìn)我們的每一件小事中。記住，是工廠里的某個人制作了你的椅墊，是某人開采的銅制作了這個話筒。我最后的一聲謝謝，是要送給你們。謝謝你們聽我的故事。

15:18

(Applause)

（鼓掌）

15:20

(Cheering)

（歡呼）