演講MP3+雙語(yǔ)文稿:保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物，人類能做些什么

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【演講者及介紹】Moreangels Mbizah

莫麗格爾·姆比扎——獅子保護(hù)者，是野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)行動(dòng)(Wildlife Conservation Action)的創(chuàng)始人，該組織致力于保護(hù)生物多樣性，促進(jìn)人類和野生動(dòng)物共存，以及增強(qiáng)當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的能力。

【演講主題】當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)在保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物中的作用

【中英文字幕】

Translation by Lipeng Chen. Reviewed by psjmz mz.

00:14

I'm a lion conservationist. Sounds cool,doesn't it? Some people may have no idea what that means. But I'm sure you'veall heard about Cecil the lion.

我是名獅子保護(hù)人士。聽起來(lái)很酷，不是嗎？有些人對(duì)獅子保護(hù)人士完全沒(méi)概念。但是我相信你們都聽說(shuō)過(guò)一頭名叫塞西爾的獅子。

00:24

[Cecil the Lion (2002-2015)]

【獅子塞西爾（2012 - 2015）】

00:25

(Lion roaring)

（獅子吼叫）

00:32

He roars no more. On the second of July,2015, his life was cut short when he was killed by a trophy hunter.

然而，他不會(huì)再吼叫了。在2015年7月2號(hào)，他的生命在被戰(zhàn)利品狩獵者射殺時(shí)戛然終止。

00:41

They say that you can become attached tothe animals you study. That was the case for me with Cecil the lion, havingknown him and studied him for three years in Hwange National Park. I washeartbroken at his death. But the good thing to come out of this tragedy is theattention that the story brought towards the plight of threatened wild animals.

人們說(shuō)你會(huì)對(duì)你研究的動(dòng)物產(chǎn)生感情。我對(duì)獅子塞西爾就是這樣，在萬(wàn)基國(guó)家公園，我了解并研究它長(zhǎng)達(dá)三年。我對(duì)它的死悲痛萬(wàn)分。但是好的一面是這場(chǎng)悲劇給許多身陷囹圄的瀕危動(dòng)物帶去了關(guān)注。

01:04

After Cecil's death, I began to ask myselfthese questions: What if the community that lived next to Cecil the lion wasinvolved in protecting him? What if I had met Cecil when I was 10 years old,instead of 29? Could I or my classmates have changed his fate? Many people areworking to stop lions from disappearing, but very few of these people arenative to these countries or from the communities most affected. But thecommunities that live with the lions are the ones best positioned to help lionsthe most.

在塞西爾死后，我開始詢問(wèn)自己這些問(wèn)題：如果居住在獅子塞西爾周邊的居民參與到保護(hù)它的行動(dòng)中去會(huì)怎么樣？如果我在10歲而不是 29 歲遇到了塞西爾會(huì)怎么樣？我或是我的同學(xué)會(huì)改變它的命運(yùn)嗎？許多人都致力于阻止獅子的消失，但是很少有人來(lái)自當(dāng)?shù)貒?guó)家，或是來(lái)自最受影響的群體。但是和獅子共居的群體處于保護(hù)獅子的最佳位置。

01:43

Local people should be at the forefront ofthe solutions to the challenges facing their wildlife. Sometimes, change canonly come when the people most affected and impacted take charge. Localcommunities play an important role in fighting poaching and illegal wildlifetrade, which are major threats affecting lions and other wildlife.

當(dāng)?shù)鼐用駪?yīng)當(dāng)站在解決野生動(dòng)物面臨的挑戰(zhàn)的前線。有時(shí)，只有當(dāng)最受影響的人們負(fù)起責(zé)任，變革才會(huì)發(fā)生。當(dāng)?shù)貓F(tuán)體要在抵抗盜獵和非法野生交易上扮演重要角色，這是對(duì)獅群和其他野生動(dòng)物的最主要威脅。

02:05

Being a black African woman in the sciences,the people I meet are always curious to know if I've always wanted to be aconservationist, because they don't meet a lot of conservationists who looklike me. When I was growing up, I didn't even know that wildlife conservationwas a career. The first time I saw a wild animal in my home country was when Iwas 25 years old, even though lions and African wild dogs lived just a fewmiles away from my home. This is quite common in Zimbabwe, as many people arenot exposed to wildlife, even though it's part of our heritage.

身為一名黑人女性科學(xué)家，我遇到的人們總是好奇知道我是不是一直都想成為保護(hù)人士，因?yàn)樗麄儧](méi)有遇到過(guò)很多像我一樣的保護(hù)人士。當(dāng)我年少時(shí)，我甚至不知道野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)者可以是個(gè)職業(yè)。我第一次在我的家鄉(xiāng)見到野生動(dòng)物是我 25 歲的時(shí)候，盡管獅子和非洲野狗就生活在離我家?guī)子⒗锏牡胤?。這在津巴布韋很常見，許多人都沒(méi)有接觸過(guò)野生動(dòng)物，盡管這是我們的文化遺產(chǎn)。

02:41

When I was growing up, I didn't even knowthat lions lived in my backyard. When I stepped into Savé Valley Conservancy ona cold winter morning 10 years ago to study African wild dogs for my master'sresearch project, I was mesmerized by the beauty and the tranquility thatsurrounded me. I felt like I had found my passion and my purpose in life. Imade a commitment that day that I was going to dedicate my life to protectinganimals.

當(dāng)我年少時(shí)，我甚至不知道獅子就生活在我家后院。當(dāng)我在 10 年前一個(gè)寒冷的冬天早晨踏入薩菲谷保護(hù)區(qū)去為我的碩士科研項(xiàng)目研究非洲野狗時(shí)，我為圍繞著我的美麗和寧?kù)o所著迷。我感覺(jué)我找到了人生的熱情和目的所在。在那天我做了一個(gè)承諾，我要為保護(hù)動(dòng)物奉獻(xiàn)我的一生。

03:10

I think of my childhood school days inZimbabwe and the other kids I was in school with. Perhaps if we had a chance tointeract with wildlife, more of my classmates would be working alongside menow. Unless the local communities want to protect and coexist with wildlife,all conservation efforts might be in vain. These are the communities that livewith the wild animals in the same ecosystem and bear the cost of doing so. Ifthey don't have a direct connection or benefit from the animals, they have noreason to want to protect them. And if local communities don't protect theirwildlife, no amount of outside intervention will work.

我想起我在津巴布韋的小學(xué)時(shí)代，還有和我一起上學(xué)的其他孩子。如果我們有機(jī)會(huì)接觸野生動(dòng)物，更多我的同學(xué)現(xiàn)在就會(huì)和我并肩工作。除非當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裣胍Ｗo(hù)并和野生動(dòng)物共存，否則所有的保護(hù)努力都會(huì)付之東流。這些居民和野生動(dòng)物生活在同一個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中，需要承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的責(zé)任。如果他們沒(méi)有和動(dòng)物有直接的聯(lián)系，或是從動(dòng)物身上獲益，他們就沒(méi)有理由去保護(hù)動(dòng)物。如果當(dāng)?shù)鼐用穸疾槐Ｗo(hù)他們的野生動(dòng)物，任何外界的干預(yù)都不會(huì)有效。

03:54

So what needs to be done? Conservationistsmust prioritize environmental education and help expand the community's skillsto conserve their wildlife. Schoolchildren and communities must be taken tonational parks, so they get a chance to connect with the wildlife. At everyeffort and every level, conservation must include the economies of the peoplewho share the land with the wild animals. It is also critical that localconservationists be part of every conservation effort, if we are to build trustand really embed conservation into communities. As local conservationists, weface many hurdles, from outright discrimination to barriers because of culturalnorms.

所以需要做些什么呢？保護(hù)人士必須將環(huán)境教育擺在首位，并幫助民眾發(fā)展保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的技能。學(xué)校學(xué)生和居民必須被帶到國(guó)家公園里，這樣他們才有機(jī)會(huì)和野生動(dòng)物建立聯(lián)系。在各種努力和各個(gè)層級(jí)上，保護(hù)措施必須把那些和野生動(dòng)物共享家園的人們的經(jīng)濟(jì)體納入進(jìn)來(lái)。同樣重要的是，如果我們想要建立信任，并且真正將保護(hù)行動(dòng)融入當(dāng)?shù)厝后w之中，就要讓當(dāng)?shù)氐谋Ｗo(hù)人士成為各種保護(hù)行動(dòng)的一部分，作為當(dāng)?shù)乇Ｗo(hù)人士，我們面臨著許多障礙，從赤裸裸的歧視到文化規(guī)范造成的障礙。

04:40

But I will not give up my efforts to bringindigenous communities to this fight for the survival of our planet. I'm askingyou to come and stand together with me. We must actively dismantle the hurdleswe have created, which are leaving indigenous populations out of conservationefforts.

但是我不會(huì)放棄讓當(dāng)?shù)鼐用袢谌氲綖榈厍蛏娑鴳?zhàn)的努力。我呼吁你們和我并肩作戰(zhàn)。我們必須積極消除人類制造的阻礙，這些阻礙將本地人群排除在保護(hù)行動(dòng)之外。

04:59

I've dedicated my life to protecting lions.And I know my neighbor would, too, if only they knew the animals that livednext door to them.

我將我的生命奉獻(xiàn)給了保護(hù)獅子。我知道，如果我的鄰居了解和他們共居的動(dòng)物，他們也會(huì)這么做。

05:09

Thank you.

謝謝。

05:10

(Applause)

（掌聲）