演講MP3+雙語文稿:關于女性自我保護的3點心得

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聽力課堂TED音頻欄目主要包括TED演講的音頻MP3及中英雙語文稿，供各位英語愛好者學習使用。本文主要內(nèi)容為演講MP3+雙語文稿:關于女性自我保護的3點心得，希望你會喜歡！

【演講者及介紹】Rana Abdelhamid

企業(yè)家，國際知名的社區(qū)組織者，一級黑帶，公共演說家和社會企業(yè)家，專注于大規(guī)模動員，國際團結和邊緣化社區(qū)的賦權。

【演講主題】關于女性自衛(wèi)的3點心得

【中英文字幕】

翻譯者Joseph Geni 校對者JoannaPietrulewicz

00:12

So my story starts on July 4, 1992, the daymy mother followed her college sweetheart to New York City from Egypt. Asfireworks exploded behind the skyline, my father looked at my mother jokinglyand said, "Look, habibti, Americans are celebrating your arrival."(Laughter)

我的故事從1992年7月4號開始，那一天我的媽媽跟著她大學戀人，從埃及到了紐約。煙花在他們身后的天際線上綻開，爸爸看著媽媽，開玩笑說道：“看，Habibti，美國在慶祝你的到來?！保ㄐβ暎?/p>

00:33

Unfortunately, it didn't feel much like acelebration when, growing up, my mother and I would wander past Queens into NewYork City streets, and my mother with her hijab and long flowy dresses wouldtighten her hand around my small fingers as she stood up against weatheredcomments like, "Go back to where you came from," "LearnEnglish," "Stupid immigrant." These words were meant to make usfeel unsafe, insecure in our own neighborhoods, in our own skin.

不幸的是，實際的感覺并不像是慶祝。在我長大的時候，我的媽媽和我會經(jīng)過皇后區(qū)進入紐約城的街道。我的媽媽戴著頭巾，穿著長長的裙子，用手緊緊地牽著我的手指，面對著那些老生常談般的侮辱話語：“從哪兒來回哪兒去”，“去學英語”，“愚蠢的移民”。這些話語，讓我們在自己的社區(qū)深深地感到不安。

01:05

But it was these same streets that made mefall in love with New York. Queens is one of the most diverse places in theworld, with immigrant parents holding stories that always start with somethingbetween three and 15 dollars in a pocket, a voyage across a vast sea and a cash-onlyhustle sheltering families in jam-packed, busted apartments. And it was thesesame families that worked so hard to make sure that we had safemicrocommunities -- we, as immigrant children, to feel affirmed and loved inour identities.

但是也正是這些同樣的街道讓我愛上了紐約?；屎髤^(qū)是世界上最多元的地方之一，在這里移民家長們的故事往往這么開頭，比如口袋里只有三到十五美元，比如一段長長的跨洋航行和一份只有現(xiàn)金的零工，可以讓家庭住在擁擠不堪的公寓里。同樣是這些家庭，他們非常努力地工作以確保我們——移民的下一代可以有安全的小社區(qū)，可以對自己的身份確信并熱愛。

01:40

But it was mostly the women. And thesewomen are the reason why, regardless of these statements that my mom faced, sheremained unapologetic. And these women were some of the most powerful women Ihave ever met in my entire life. I mean, they had networks for everything. Theyhad rotations for who watched whose kids when, for saving extra cash, forthrowing belly dance parties and memorizing Koran and learning English. Andthey would collect small gold tokens to fundraise for the local mosque. And itwas these same women, when I decided to wear my hijab, who supported me throughit. And when I was bullied for being Muslim, I always felt like I had an armyof unapologetic North African aunties who had my back.

但是這大部分是女性。正是因為這些女性，當我的媽媽面對那樣的言論時，她沒有道歉。這些女性是我整個人生中遇到的最有力量的女性之一。我的意思是，任何事情，她們都有關系網(wǎng)。她們有輪換制，要求誰什么時候照看誰的孩子，她們會存下額外的現(xiàn)金，會舉辦肚皮舞派對，會記憶古蘭經(jīng)并學習英語。她們也會收集小金幣為當?shù)厍逭嫠履季?。當我決定戴上我的頭巾時，同樣是這些女性，一直支持著我。當我因穆斯林身份遭到欺凌時，我一直感覺身后有一只軍隊在支持我，一只由不低頭的北非阿姨組成的軍隊。

02:28

And so every morning at 15, I would wake upand stand in front of a mirror, and wrap beautiful bright silk around my headthe way my mother does and my grandmother did. And one day that summer 2009, Istepped out into the streets of New York City on my way to volunteer at adomestic violence organization that a woman in my neighborhood had started. AndI remember at that moment I felt a yank at the back of my head. Then someonepulled and grabbed me, trying to remove my hijab from off of my head. I turnedaround to a tall, broad-shouldered man, pure hate in his eyes. I struggled andfought back, and finally was able to get away, hid myself in the bathroom ofthat organization and cried and cried. I kept thinking to myself, "Whydoes he hate me? He doesn't even know me."

所以15歲的每個早晨，我會醒來站在鏡子面前，把美麗光澤的絲巾繞在我的頭上，就像我媽媽和祖母做的一樣。2009年夏天的某一天我在紐約街上，準備作為志愿者參加反家庭暴力組織的活動，這個組織是由我鄰居中的一位女性開辦的。我記得那時我感覺后腦勺一陣猛拉。然后一個人又拉又拽，想要把我的頭巾拉扯下來。我轉身，看到一個高高的寬肩男人，眼睛里全是仇恨。我掙扎著反擊，終于逃脫。我躲在那個組織場所的衛(wèi)生間里，一直在哭。我不停地問自己，“為什么他恨我？他甚至不認識我?！?/p>

03:20

Hate crimes against Muslims in the USincreased by 1,600 percent post-9/11, and one in every four women in the USwill suffer some form of gender violence. And it may not seem like it, butIslamophobia and anti-Muslim violence is a form of gender violence, given thevisibility of Muslim women in our hijabs. And so I was not alone, and thathorrified me. It made me want to do something. It made me want to go out thereand make sure that no one I loved, that no woman would have to feel thisinsecure in her own skin.

在美國，911之后，針對穆斯林的仇恨犯罪上漲了1600%。并且在美國四分之一的女性會遭受性別暴力。也許看上去不像那么回事，但是伊斯蘭恐懼癥和反穆斯林暴力是性別暴力的一種形式，因為穆斯林女性穿戴頭巾十分顯眼。我不是個例，這讓我害怕。這讓我想做一些事，這讓我想做些事確保我所愛的人，所有女性都能感到真正的安全。

03:55

So I started to think about how the womenin my own neighborhood were able to build community for themselves, and howthey were able to use the very little resources they had to actually offer something.And I began to think about what I could potentially offer to build safety andpower for women. And through this journey, I learned a couple of things, andthis is what I want to share with you today, some of these lessons.

所以我開始想，自己街區(qū)的女性如何能夠為她們自己建造社區(qū)，以及她們?nèi)绾文芾脙H有的資源做出實事。然后我開始想我可以提供些什么來為女性提供安全和力量。通過這次經(jīng)歷，我學到了一些事情，而今天我想分享這些心得。

04:18

So lesson number one: start with what youknow. At the time, I had been doing Shotokan karate for as long as I couldremember, and so I had a black belt. Yeah. And so, I thought -- surprise.

第一點：從你知道的部分開始。當時，我記得我在打松濤館跆拳道，并且有個黑帶。是吧，我覺得……哈哈沒想到吧

04:31

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

04:32

I thought that maybe I should go out intomy neighborhood and teach self-defense to young girls. And so I actually wentout and knocked on doors, spoke to community leaders, to parents, to youngwomen, and finally was able to secure a free community center basement andconvince enough young women that they should come to my class. And it actuallyall worked out, because when I pitched the idea, most of the responses were,like, "All right, cute, this 5'1" hijabi girl who knows karate. Hownice." But in reality, I became the Queens, New York version of Mr. Miyagiat 16 years old, and I started teaching 13 young women in that community centerbasement self-defense. And with every single self-defense move, for eightsessions over the course of that summer, we began to understand the power ofour bodies, and we began to share our experiences about our identities. Andsometimes there were shocking realizations, and other times there were tears,but mostly it was laughs. And I ended that summer with this incrediblesisterhood, and I began to feel much safer in my own skin. And it was becauseof these women that we just kept teaching. I never thought that I wouldcontinue, but we just kept teaching. And today, nine years, 17 cities, 12countries, 760 courses and thousands of women and girls later, I'm stillteaching. And what started as a self-defense course in the basement of acommunity center is now an international grassroots organization focused onbuilding safety and power for women around the world: Malikah.

我想也許我應該深入街區(qū)教年輕女性自衛(wèi)技巧。所以我的確走出去了，挨家挨戶地敲門，和社區(qū)領導、家長、年輕女性對話，最終得到了一個免費的社區(qū)中心地下室，并確保有足夠多的年輕女性到我的班級來。這么做的確有用，因為當我推出這個想法的時候，大多數(shù)的回應是，“行，挺可愛，這個一米五、戴著頭巾的女孩知道怎么打跆拳道。有意思。“但事實上，我在16歲，成為了紐約皇后區(qū)的Miyagi先生，并且開始在那個地下室教13個年輕女孩自衛(wèi)術。那個夏天八節(jié)課，通過防衛(wèi)術練習的一招一式，我們開始理解自己身體的力量，開始分享關于自身身份個性的經(jīng)驗。有的時候有驚人的認識，有的時候有淚水，但大部分是歡笑。那個夏天之后，我收獲了珍貴的姐妹情，并發(fā)自內(nèi)心感覺更加安全。正因為這些女性，我們可以一直開班教授。我從沒想過我可以繼續(xù)，但我們確實一直在教。今天，經(jīng)歷了9年、17個城市、 12個國家、760堂課程以及上千名女性，我依舊在教。而一開始社區(qū)中心地下室的自衛(wèi)防身課程，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為國際性民間組織，聚焦于為全世界的女性建構安全和力量： Malikah。

06:09

(Applause)

（掌聲）

06:15

Now, for lesson number two: start with whoyou know. Oftentimes, it could be quite exciting, especially if you're anexpert in something and you want to have impact, to swoop into a community andthink you have the magic recipe. But very early on I learned that, as esteemedphilosopher Kendrick Lamar once said, it's really important to be humble and tosit down.

現(xiàn)在，講講我學到的第二點：從你知道的人開始。經(jīng)常，這可以很有意思，尤其當你是某個領域的專家，想要發(fā)揮影響，猛地進入一個社區(qū)，覺得自己有魔法配方。但是我很早之前就知道，備受推崇的“哲學家”肯德拉克·拉馬爾曾說過，謙卑并坐下來是十分重要的。

06:42

So, basically, at 15 years old, the onlycommunity that I had any business doing work with were the 14-year-old girls inmy neighborhood, and that's because I was friends with them. Other than that, Ididn't know what it meant to be a child of Bengali immigrants in Brooklyn or tobe Senegalese in the Bronx. But I did know young women who were connected tothose communities, and it was quite remarkable how they already had theselayers of trust and awareness and relationship with their communities. So likemy mother and the women in her neighborhood, they had these really strongsocial networks, and it was about providing capacity and believing in otherwomen's definition of safety. Even though I was a self-defense instructor, Icouldn't come into a community and define safety for any other woman who wasnot part of my own community.

因此，15的時候我基本有來往合作的團體只有附近14歲的女孩們，因為我和她們是朋友。除此之外，我并不了解在布魯克林作為孟加拉移民孩子或在布朗克斯作為塞內(nèi)加爾移民的孩子意味著什么。但我認識和這些社區(qū)有聯(lián)系的年輕女性，而且了不起的是她們已經(jīng)和社區(qū)建立起信任、意識和聯(lián)系。所以就像我母親和她鄰近區(qū)域的女性那樣，這些年輕女性擁有十分強大的社交網(wǎng)絡，并能提供能力，相信其他女性對于安全的定義。盡管我是一個自衛(wèi)訓練師，我不能進入一個社區(qū)，為不是自己社區(qū)的女性定義安全。

07:31

And it was because, as our networkexpanded, I learned that self-defense is not just physical. It's actuallyreally emotional work. I mean, we would do a 60-minute self-defense class, andthen we'd have 30 minutes reserved for just talking and healing. And in those30 minutes, women would share what brought them to the class to begin with butalso various other experiences with violence. And, as an example, one time in oneof those classes, one woman actually started to talk about the fact that shehad been in a domestic violence relationship for over 30 years, and it was herfirst time being able to articulate that because we had established that safespace for her. So it's powerful work, but it only happens when we believe inwomen's agency to define what safety and what power looks like for themselves.

因為，隨著我們網(wǎng)絡的擴張，我學到自衛(wèi)不僅是身體上的。而是心理上的。我的意思是，我們會做60分鐘的自衛(wèi)課，然后我們會留30分鐘單純聊天治愈。在那30分鐘里，女性一開始會分享參加課程的原因，但是也會分享和暴力相關的其他經(jīng)驗。比如說，有一次在其中一堂課上，一位女性開始傾訴，說30多年來她一直處于一段家暴關系中，這是她第一次有機會說出來，因為我們?yōu)樗峁┝艘粋€安全的空間。這份工作充滿力量，但只有當我們相信女性有能力為自身定義安全和力量時，這才會發(fā)生。

08:17

All right, for lesson number three -- andthis was the hardest thing for me -- the most important thing about this workis to start with the joy. When I started doing this work, I was reacting to ahate-based attack, so I was feeling insecure and anxious and overwhelmed. I wasreally afraid. And it makes sense, because if you take a step back, and I canimagine that a lot of women in this room can probably relate to this, thefeeling, an overwhelming feeling of insecurity, is oftentimes with usconstantly. I mean, imagine this: walking home late at night, hearing footstepsbehind you. You wonder if you should walk faster or if you should slow down.You keep your keys in your hand in case you need to use them. You say,"Text me when you get home. I want to make sure you are safe." And wemean those words. We're afraid to put down our drinks. We're afraid to speaktoo much or too little in a meeting. And imagine being woman and black andtrans and queer and Latinx and undocumented and poor and immigrant, and youcould then only imagine how overwhelming this work can be, especially withinthe context of personal safety.

好，我學到的第三課——對我來說是最難的——對這項工作來說最重要的就是快樂地開始。當我開始這個項目時，我要回應充滿仇恨的攻擊，所以我充滿不安、焦慮、備受打擊。我當時十分害怕。這是合理的，因為如果你退一步，我能想象這里很多女性也許都能感同身受，這種強烈的不安全感，經(jīng)常伴隨著我們。我的意思是，想象一下：在夜里走回家，聽見身后響起腳步聲。你在想是要走得快一點還是慢下來。你緊緊攥著鑰匙以備不時之需。你說，“到家時給我發(fā)個信息。我想確保你安全到達?！倍覀儗Υ耸终J真。我們害怕，不敢放下飲料。我們害怕在一個會議中講得太多或是太少。想象一個女性，或者黑人、跨性別者、同性戀、拉丁裔或是未注冊的、貧窮的移民，那么你才能明白這項工作多么沉重，特別是關于個人安全的工作。

09:24

However, when I took a step to reflect onwhat brought me to this work to begin with, I began to realize it was actuallythe love that I had for women in my community. It was the way I saw themgather, their ability to build for each other, that inspired me to keep doingthis work day in and day out.

然而，當我思考這項工作的初衷時，我意識到一切始于我對我社區(qū)之中女性的愛。她們的團結，她們支撐彼此的能力激勵我每天 繼續(xù)這項工作。

09:42

So whether I was in a refugee camp inJordan or a community center in Dallas, Texas or a corporate office in SiliconValley, women gathered in beautifully magical ways and they built together andsupported each other in ways that shifted culture to empower and build safetyfor women.

所以不管是在約旦的難民營里，還是在德克薩斯州達拉斯的社區(qū)中心里，或是硅谷公司的辦公室里，女性匯聚在一起，充滿美麗和魔力，互相支持，以此轉變文化，為女性賦權、構建安全。

10:00

And that is how the change happens. It wasthrough those relationships we built together. That's why we don't just teachself-defense, but we also throw dance parties and host potlucks and write lovenotes to each other and sing songs together. And it's really about thefriendship, and it's been so, so fun.

這就是改變?nèi)绾伟l(fā)生的，通過我們共筑的關系發(fā)生。因此我們不只是教自衛(wèi)術，我們也會舉辦派對，組織聚餐，給彼此寫愛心便簽，并且一起唱歌。這一切都關乎友誼，而且很有意思。

10:18

So the last thing I want to leave you withis that the key takeaway for me in teaching self-defense all of these years isthat I actually don't want women, as cool as the self-defense moves are, to goout and use these self-defense techniques. I don't want any woman to have tode-escalate any violent situation. But for that to happen, the violenceshouldn't happen, and for the violence not to happen, the systems and thecultures that allow for this violence to take place to begin with needs tostop. And for that to happen, we need all hands on deck.

所以最后我想分享一點，是我在這幾年教授防身術中學到的關鍵一點，那就是盡管防身術招式很酷，但實際上我不想女性走出去會用到這些自衛(wèi)技巧。我希望任何女性都不用去化解任何暴力情況。但是如果要達到這一點，暴力就不應該出現(xiàn)。如果想要不出現(xiàn)暴力，那么允許暴力發(fā)生的系統(tǒng)和文化需要開始停止。要達到這一點，我們需要所有人的參與。

10:52

So I've given you my secret recipe, and nowit's up to you. To start with what you know, to start with who you know and tostart with joy. But just start.

所以，我已經(jīng)告訴了你們我的秘密配方，現(xiàn)在這取決于你，從你知道的事務開始，從你知道的人開始，帶著樂趣開始。但最重要的是要開始行動。

11:03

Thank you so much.

非常感謝。

11:05

(Applause)

（掌聲）