演講MP3+雙語文稿:對塞拉利昂未來的展望

聽力課堂TED音頻欄目主要包括TED演講的音頻MP3及中英雙語文稿，供各位英語愛好者學習使用。本文主要內(nèi)容為演講MP3+雙語文稿:對塞拉利昂未來的展望 ，希望你會喜歡！

【演講者及介紹】Julius Maada Bio

作為塞拉利昂總統(tǒng)，朱利葉斯·馬艾達·比奧(Julius Maada Bio)尋求讓進步發(fā)生的方法——而不是停留在阻礙進步的障礙上。

【演講主題】 對塞拉利昂未來的展望

A vision for the future of Sierra Leone

【中英文字幕】

翻譯者 Wanting Zhong 校對者 Yu Xie

00:00

On Tuesday, January 16, 1996, I walked into the office of the president as head of state of the Republic of Sierra Leone. I had not been elected. Four years earlier, I was one of 30 heavily armed military officers, all in our 20s, who had driven from the war front into the capital city, Freetown. We had only one objective: to overthrow a corrupt, repressive and single-party dictatorship that had kept itself in power for over 25 years. But in the end, it wasn't a violent coup. After we fired a few shots and seized the radio station, hundreds of thousands of citizens jumped onto the streets to welcome us as liberators. If you are thinking this seems like a movie script, I'm with you.

在1996年1月16日，這是一個周二，我作為塞拉利昂共和國的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人 走進了總統(tǒng)辦公室。我并不是被選舉出來的。在四年前，我是30名全副武裝 的軍官中的一員，我們都20多歲，從戰(zhàn)爭前線驅(qū)車 進入首都弗里敦。我們只有一個目標： 推翻一個已經(jīng)掌權(quán)超過25年的，充斥著腐敗、壓迫、 一黨專制的獨裁政府。但最終，它沒有成為一場暴力政變。我們開了幾槍，占領(lǐng)了電臺，成千上萬的市民涌上街頭，把我們當做解放者歡迎。如果你覺得這像是電影劇本，我同意你的看法。

01:12

I was part of the ruling military government, and I served in several roles. Our goal was always to return the country to democratic civilian rule. But after four years, those multiparty democratic elections had still not happened. Citizens were beginning to lose faith in our promise. But you know what? I like to keep my promises.

我曾是執(zhí)政軍事政府的一員，并擔任過若干職務(wù)。我們的目標始終是讓國家 恢復(fù)民主的文明統(tǒng)治。但是四年過去了，多黨民主選舉依舊沒有舉行。公民開始對我們的承諾失去信心。但你知道嗎? 我是一個信守諾言的人。

01:40

Some of my comrades and I staged another military coup, and this time, against our own head of state and commander. Again, it was a bloodless coup. That is how I became the new military head of state on January 16, 1996. I was still only 31 years old.

我和一些同志 發(fā)動了另一場軍事政變，這次是針對我們自己 的國家元首和指揮官。這依然是一次不流血的政變。這就是我在1996年1月16日 成為新的軍事國家元首的過程。那時我才31歲。

02:03

Of course, power was sweet. I felt invulnerable. I had thousands of heavily armed men and aircraft at my command. I was heavily protected, and I lived in luxury. But my obligations to my nation were always superior. Millions of fellow citizens were either displaced or fleeing the violence and pillage of war. So I engaged in a series of diplomatic activities right across the subregion and convinced the reclusive rebel leader to initiate peace talks for the very first time. I also called a national consultative conference of civil society organizations and stakeholders to advise on the best way forward. In both cases, I shared with them what I believed in then and now: that Sierra Leone is bigger than all of us, and that Sierra Leone must be a secure, peaceful and just society where every person can thrive and contribute to national development. And so, I initiated peace talks with the rebels. I organized the first multiparty democratic elections in nearly 30 years.

當然，權(quán)力的滋味是非常甜美的。我覺得自己無懈可擊。數(shù)千荷槍實彈的士兵和飛機 都聽令于我。我被嚴密保護，并過著奢侈的生活。但是我對國家的義務(wù) 總是高于一切。數(shù)百萬同胞要么流離失所，要么逃離暴力和戰(zhàn)爭掠奪。因此，我在該區(qū)域進行了 一系列外交活動，第一次說服了那位隱居的叛軍領(lǐng)袖 發(fā)起和平談判。我還召集了一個 由公民社會組織和利益攸關(guān)方 組成的全國協(xié)商會議，就國家未來發(fā)展方向提出指導(dǎo)。這兩次，我都與他們分享了 我當時和到現(xiàn)在仍然堅持的信念： 塞拉利昂（的未來） 比我們每個人都重要，塞拉利昂必須是一個 安全、和平和公正的社會，每個人都能安居樂業(yè)，為國家發(fā)展做出貢獻。因此，我啟動了與叛軍的和平談判。我組織了近30年來的 第一次多黨民主選舉。

03:36

(Applause)

(掌聲)

03:42

I handed over power to the newly elected president, I retired from the army, and I left my country for the United States of America to study -- all in three months.

我把權(quán)力移交給 新當選的總統(tǒng)，然后我從軍隊退役，離開我的國家，到美利堅合眾國 進行了 三個月的學習。

03:56

(Applause)

(掌聲)

04:00

In many a long walk, I wondered how we could get it right again as a nation.

在許多漫長的旅程中，我想知道作為一個國家，我們?nèi)绾尾拍茉俅巫呱险墶?/p>

04:09

More than 20 years later, in April 2018, with a few more wrinkles and grey hair, I was again head of state. But guess what? This time I have been democratically elected.

20多年后的 2018年4月，伴隨著新增的皺紋與白發(fā)，我再次成為國家元首。但你猜怎么著？ 這次我是民主選舉出來的。

04:25

(Applause)

(掌聲)

04:31

At the polling stations last year, my three-year-old daughter, Amina, was in my arm. She insisted on holding on to my ballot paper with me. She was intent and focused. At that moment, with my ballot papers in both our hands, I fully understood the one priority for me if I was elected president of the Republic of Sierra Leone; that is: How could I make the lives of Amina and millions of other young girls and boys better in our country? See, I believe that leadership is about creating possibilities that everyone, especially the young people, can believe in, own, work to actualize, and which they can actively fight to protect.

去年在投票站，我三歲的女兒阿米娜 在我的臂彎里。她執(zhí)意要和我一起 拿著我的選票。她是那么的認真與專注。在那一刻，我們雙手拿著這張選票，我完全明白了 如果我當選塞拉利昂共和國總統(tǒng)，我的首要任務(wù)是什么。那就是：我怎樣才能讓阿米娜 和我們國家成千上萬的男孩女孩 生活得更好？ 我相信，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力就是 創(chuàng)造各種可能性，讓每個人，尤其是年輕人，都能相信、 擁有、 爭取使之成為現(xiàn)實，并且他們能通過積極奮斗 保衛(wèi)這些機會。

05:29

The pathway to power and leadership can be littered with impediments, but more often, with funny questions that may seemingly defy answers: How does one take on the unique challenges of a country like Sierra Leone? We had mined mineral resources for over a hundred years, but we still are poor. We had collected foreign aid for 58 years, but we are still poor.

通往權(quán)力和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位的道路 充滿了阻礙，但更常見的是 看似無法回答的問題： 如何應(yīng)對像塞拉利昂一類國家 所面臨的獨特挑戰(zhàn)？ 我們開采礦產(chǎn)資源已有一百多年了，但我們?nèi)匀回毟F。我們已經(jīng)接受外國援助58年了，但我們?nèi)匀回毟F。

05:57

The secret to economic development is in nature's best resource: skilled, healthy and productive human beings. The secret to changing our country lay in enhancing and supporting the limitless potential of the next generation and challenging them to change our country. Human capital development was the key to national development in Sierra Leone. As a candidate, I met with and listened to many young men and women right across the country and in the diaspora that were feeling disconnected from political leadership and cared little about the future of our country. How could we engage them and make them believe that the answers to transforming our nation was right in their hands?

經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的秘訣在于 一個國家所擁有的最佳資源： 即熟練、健康、高效的人類生產(chǎn)力。改變我們國家的關(guān)鍵 在于提升和支持 下一代的無限潛力，并鼓勵他們來改變我們的國家。人力資本發(fā)展是塞拉利昂 國家發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。作為一名候選人，我會見了全國各地的 以及旅居海外的 許多青年男女，并聽取了他們的意見，他們感覺政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)與他們無關(guān)，并對我們國家的未來漠不關(guān)心。我們怎樣才能讓他們參與，并讓他們相信，他們手中掌握著 可以改變國家的答案？

06:56

Immediately after becoming president, I appointed some of Sierra Leone's brightest young people as leaders, with responsibility to realize our shared vision of transforming Sierra Leone. I am grateful many of them said yes. Let me give you a few examples. Corruption had been endemic in governance, institutions and in public life in Sierra Leone, undermining public trust and the country's international reputation. I appointed a young attorney as Commissioner for the Anti-Corruption Commission. In less than a year, he had a hundred percent conviction rate and recovered over 1.5 million dollars of stolen money. That is seed money for building the country's first-ever national medical diagnostic center in Sierra Leone.

于是當選總統(tǒng)后，我立即任命塞拉利昂一些 最聰穎的年輕人擔任領(lǐng)袖，擔負起實現(xiàn)我們改變?nèi)?的共同愿景的責任。我很感激他們中的許多人 接下了委任。讓我給你們舉幾個例子。塞拉利昂的腐敗 在地方政府、機構(gòu)、 以及公共生活中長期滋生，破壞了公眾的信任 和國家的國際聲譽。我任命一位年輕的律師 為反腐敗委員會委員。在不到一年的時間里，他的定罪率達到了100%，并追回了150多萬美元的贓款。這筆錢最后被用于建設(shè)塞拉利昂 第一個國家醫(yī)療診斷中心。

07:54

(Applause)

（掌聲）

07:58

The Millennium Challenge Corporation recently gave us a green scorecard for the Control of Corruption indicator, and multilateral development partners that had left Sierra Leone are now beginning to return. We are determined to break a culture of corruption and the culture of impunity that is associated with corruption.

千年挑戰(zhàn)公司 【注：美國獨立的對外援助機構(gòu)】 最近就防貪腐指標 給了我們綠色記分卡，而先前離開塞拉利昂 的多邊發(fā)展伙伴 現(xiàn)在正逐步返回。我們有決心消除腐敗 以及對待腐敗 有罪不罰的傳統(tǒng)。

08:22

Before I became president, I met a skinny, dreadlocked MIT/Harvard-trained inventor in London. Over coffee, I challenged him to think and plan along with me how innovation could help to drive national development in the areas of governance, revenue mobilization, health care, education, delivering public services and supporting private sector growth. How could Sierra Leone participate in the digital economy and become an innovation hub? Guess what? He left his cozy job at IBM, and he now leads a team of young men and women within the newly established Directorate of Science, Technology and Innovation in my own office.

在我成為總統(tǒng)之前，我在倫敦遇到了一位 身材瘦削、留著臟辮的發(fā)明家，他曾在麻省理工和哈佛進修過。喝咖啡時，我向他發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)，讓他同我思考并計劃 創(chuàng)新如何才能驅(qū)動國家 在治理、稅收、醫(yī)療、 教育、公共服務(wù) 以及支持私營部門成長 等領(lǐng)域有所發(fā)展。塞拉利昂該如何參與到數(shù)字經(jīng)濟 并成為創(chuàng)新中心？ 你猜怎么著？ 他辭去了 IBM 舒適的工作，現(xiàn)在他在我的辦公室，在我們新近成立的科學、 技術(shù)和創(chuàng)新理事會 帶領(lǐng)一支由年輕男女組成的團隊。

09:18

(Applause)

（掌聲）

09:23

That young man is right in here.

那個年輕人今天就坐在這里。

09:26

I challenged another young Sierra Leonean woman to set up and lead the new Ministry of Planning and Economic Development. She consulted widely with Sierra Leoneans and produced, in record time, the medium-term national development plan, titled, "Education For Development." We now have our national development needs in easily understandable clusters, and we can now plan our budgets, align development partner contributions and measure our own progress.

我同時也任命了另一位 年輕的塞拉利昂女性，成立并帶領(lǐng)新的 規(guī)劃和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展部。她廣泛征求塞拉利昂人民的意見，并在創(chuàng)紀錄的時間內(nèi) 制定了題為“發(fā)展教育”的 中期國家發(fā)展計劃。我們的國家發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略需要分成 易于理解的模塊，我們現(xiàn)在可以規(guī)劃預(yù)算，協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展伙伴的貢獻，衡量我們自己的進展。

10:01

But the story of my government's flagship program is even more daring, if I can call it that. Today, three out of five adults in Sierra Leone cannot read or write. Thousands of children were not able to go to school or had dropped out of school because their parents could just not afford the $20 school fees per year. Women and girls, who constitute 51 percent of our population, were not given equal opportunity to be educated. So the obvious answer is to put in place free, quality education for every Sierra Leonean child, regardless of gender, ability or ethnicity.

但我的政府旗艦計劃的進程 甚至更為大膽，請允許我這么來形容它。如今，塞拉利昂五分之三 的成年人不會閱讀和寫字。成千上萬的孩子無法上學 或已經(jīng)輟學，因為他們的父母無法支付 哪怕每年只有20美元的學費。在我國總?cè)丝谥校?1%是婦女和兒童，但是他們卻沒有得到 平等的受教育機會。因此，顯而易見的答案是： 為每一個塞拉利昂兒童 提供免費、優(yōu)質(zhì)的教育，不論其性別、能力或種族。

10:48

(Applause)

（掌聲）

10:55

Great idea you've clapped for. Right? But the only problem is we had no money to start the program.

你們對此鼓掌稱贊。對吧？ 但唯一的問題是： 我們沒有錢啟動這個項目。

11:03

(Laughter)

(笑聲)

11:04

Absolutely nothing. Development partners wanted to see data before associating with my vision. Of course, political opponents laughed at me. But I campaigned that a nation that invests in human capital development through free, quality education, affordable and high-quality health care services and food security will accelerate its national development program.

一分錢都沒有。發(fā)展伙伴希望在參與計劃 之前先查看數(shù)據(jù)。當然，政治對手嘲笑我。但我在競選時表示， 一個國家通過免費優(yōu)質(zhì)的教育、 負擔得起的高質(zhì)量醫(yī)療服務(wù) 和糧食保障 對人力資本發(fā)展投資，將加速其國家發(fā)展計劃。

11:35

I argued that for Sierra Leone to produce a highly skilled, innovative and productive workforce fit for the 21st century global economy, we needed to invest heavily in human capital development in Sierra Leone. But we had no money, because the previous government had virtually emptied the coffers.

我認為，要使塞拉利昂生產(chǎn)出 適應(yīng)21世紀全球經(jīng)濟的 高技術(shù)、創(chuàng)新、高效的勞動力，我們需要對塞拉利昂的 人力資本發(fā)展進行大量投資。但我們沒有錢，因為上屆政府幾乎掏空了國庫。

11:58

We clamped down on corruption, closed up the loopholes for fraud and waste, and we watched the money build up. We successfully launched a free, quality education program in August last year, four years, four months later. Today, two million children are going to school.

我們嚴厲打擊腐敗，堵塞欺詐和浪費的漏洞，看著錢越積越多。去年8月，即四年零四個月后，我們成功地啟動了 免費、優(yōu)質(zhì)的教育項目。如今，200萬兒童將會 獲得受教育的機會。

12:22

(Applause)

（掌聲）

12:28

Twenty-one percent of the national budget supports free, quality education. In close collaboration and in partnership with development partners, we have now provided teaching and learning materials, safe spaces for girls, and started implementing school feeding programs across the entire country. We have even paid backlogs of salaries for teachers. Any girl admitted to university to study science, technology, engineering, mathematics and other related disciplines receives a full scholarship in Sierra Leone today.

我們將21%的國家預(yù)算用于 支持免費的素質(zhì)教育。通過與發(fā)展伙伴的密切合作，我們現(xiàn)在提供了教學和學習材料，女孩的安全空間，并開始在整個國家 實施學校供餐計劃。我們甚至還為教師 支付了拖欠已久的薪水。今天，任何一個被大學錄取 學習科學、技術(shù)、 工程、數(shù)學等相關(guān)學科的女孩 都獲得了塞拉利昂 的全額獎學金。

13:08

(Applause)

（掌聲）

13:12

And here is why this matters: in a few years, we will have a healthier, better educated and highly skilled young population that will lead and drive the country's national development. They will be well-equipped to deploy science, technology and innovation. Then we'll attract investment in diversified areas of our economy, from tourism to fisheries and from renewable energy to manufacturing. That is my biggest bet.

這樣做很重要的原因在于： 幾年后，我們將擁有一個 更健康、受教育程度更高、 高技術(shù)的年輕人口，他們將領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和推動國家的發(fā)展。他們將有足夠的技能，做好科技創(chuàng)新部署。然后，我們將在經(jīng)濟 的多元化領(lǐng)域吸引投資，從旅游業(yè)到漁業(yè)，從可再生能源到制造業(yè)。 這是我最大的賭注。

13:47

In my mind, this is what leadership is all about: a mission to listen with empathy to the craziest of ideas, the hopes and aspirations of a younger generation, who are just looking for a chance to be better and to make our country better. It is about letting them know that their dreams matter. It is about standing with them and asking, "Why not?" when they ask seemingly impossible questions. It is about exploring, making and owning a shared vision.

在我看來，這就是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力 的全部意義所在: 我的使命是以同理心傾聽 最瘋狂的想法，年輕一代的希望和抱負，他們只是在尋找機會 讓我們的國家變得更好。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力的意義在于讓他們知道 他們的夢想很重要； 也在于當他們問一些 看似不可能的問題時，站在他們面前，告訴他們，“大膽地試一試吧。”； 更在于探索、創(chuàng)造 并擁有一個共同的愿景。

14:30

The most audacious and nation-changing events or policies or even personal choices happen when we ask, "Why not?" then make bold choices and ensure those bold choices happen.

當我們問“為什么不？”時，最大膽、最能改變國家 的事件、政策甚至個人 的機會就會誕生，然后要做出大膽選擇，并確保這些可能的發(fā)生。

14:47

I wake up every day believing that our country should no longer be defined by the stigma of the past. The future offers hope and opportunity for all. It matters to me that young men and women right across the country can imagine for themselves that they, too, can be and are part of the story of our nation. I want to challenge them to build a nation where three-year-olds like my daughter, Yie Amie, can grow up in good governance, quality education, health care and good infrastructure. I want our children to become young men and women who can continue nourishing the trees that will grow from the seeds that we are planting today.

我每天醒來都相信，我們的國家不應(yīng)該 再被過去的恥辱所定義。未來為所有人提供了希望和機會。對我來說很重要的是，全國各地的年輕男女都可以想象，他們自己也可以成為，并且本來就是，我們國家歷史的一部分。我想挑戰(zhàn)他們，建設(shè)這個國家，讓像我女兒葉艾米 這樣的三歲孩子可以在 良好的社會環(huán)境、 優(yōu)質(zhì)的教育、 醫(yī)療保健和 良好的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施中成長。我希望我們的孩子們 成長為年輕的男性女性，他們能夠繼續(xù)滋養(yǎng)那些 從我們今天播種的種子中 生長出來的樹木。

15:40

Now can someone tell me why we should not dare imagine that future in Sierra Leone?

現(xiàn)在誰能告訴我 為何我們不敢想象 塞拉利昂能有那般未來?

15:50

Thank you.

謝謝大家！

15:52

(Applause)

（掌聲）