劉文勇GRE寫作Argument題庫 Day 135

Day 135 The data from a survey of high school math and science teachers show that in the district of Sanlee many of these teachers reported assigning daily homework

The data from a survey of high school math and science teachers show that in the district of Sanlee many of these teachers reported assigning daily homework, whereas in the district of Marlee, most science and math teachers reported assigning homework no more than two or three days per week. Despite receiving less frequent homework assignments, Marlee students earn better grades overall and are less likely to be required to repeat a year of school than are students in Sanlee. These results call into question the usefulness of frequent homework assignments. Most likely the Marlee students have more time to concentrate on individual assignments than do the Sanlee students who have homework every day. Therefore teachers in our high schools should assign homework no more than twice a week.

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

五問：

（1）“The data from a survey of high school math and science teachers show that in the district of Sanlee many of these teachers reported assigning daily homework, whereas in the district of Marlee, most science and math teachers reported assigning homework no more than two or three days per week. Despite receiving less frequent homework assignments, Marlee students earn better grades overall and are less likely to be required to repeat a year of school than are students in Sanlee”是事實， “Therefore teachers in our high schools should assign homework no more than twice a week”是結(jié)論，值得反駁嗎？另外，這個結(jié)論說的是 Sanlee區(qū)的高中老師布置作業(yè)每周不應(yīng)超過兩次還是全國的老師都不應(yīng)該這樣做？結(jié)論的范疇不同會導(dǎo)致我們行文反駁的方式不同，希望同學(xué)們注意。

（2）Sanlee和Marlee兩個區(qū)之間的差異，除了布置作業(yè)的頻率不同之外，是否可能存在其他方面的差異，例如：老師的教學(xué)質(zhì)量不同，學(xué)生的天賦不同，甚至教材難度也不同。在這些特質(zhì)都不同的情況下，能否將兩個地區(qū)進(jìn)行類比？你能回顧一下有效類比的基本要求嗎？

（3）原文中使用 grades來評判學(xué)習(xí)效果是否恰當(dāng)？兩個地區(qū)是否采用同樣的評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)？另外，簡單地對比平均分會存在哪些可能的統(tǒng)計問題？能否簡單地認(rèn)為平均分 85（但有若干學(xué)生不及格）要優(yōu)于平均分 80（每一個學(xué)生都能跟上進(jìn)度）？

（4）作業(yè)更少是否意味著學(xué)生會更加專注于個人課后作業(yè)（ individual assignment）？學(xué)生們是否也有可能在空閑時間玩游戲？

（5）布置作業(yè)的頻率低就能說明作業(yè)量少嗎？比如，雖然一周只布置兩三次作業(yè)，但是每一次的作業(yè)量都很大，可能會導(dǎo)致總的作業(yè)量比每天都布置作業(yè)的總量更多。