初中·課本中不會(huì)教你的 代詞 正誤速辨

代詞 正誤速辨

1　我們都不喜歡這部電影。

誤 　We all don't like the film.

誤 　All of us don't like the film.

正 　None of us like the film.

評(píng) 　表示“我們都不”要用None of us...。

2　琳達(dá)，她是莉莉。

誤 　Linda, she is Lily.

正 　Linda, this is Lily.

評(píng) 　用英語(yǔ)介紹雙方相識(shí)時(shí)，常用“this is...”結(jié)構(gòu)。

3　我不能把他一個(gè)人留下。

誤 　I can't leave him himself .

正 　I can't leave him by himself .

評(píng) 　leave sb. by himself表示“把某人獨(dú)個(gè)兒留下”，為習(xí)慣搭配。

4　是他寫(xiě)的那封信。

誤 　It's him who wrote the letter.

正 　It's he who wrote the letter.

評(píng) 　在正式場(chǎng)合，be動(dòng)詞后要用代詞的主格形式，在口語(yǔ)中或在非正式場(chǎng)合可用代詞的賓格形式。

5　那是什么？—那是椅子。

誤 　What's that?—That is a chair.

正 　What's that?—It is a chair.

評(píng) 　由this或that表示的問(wèn)句，回答時(shí)要用it。it不譯為“它”，而譯為“這”或“那”。

6　我認(rèn)為告訴你他們之間的區(qū)別很重要。

誤 　I think important to tell you the difference between them.

正 　I think it important to tell you the difference between them.

評(píng) 　think, find, feel等動(dòng)詞后常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而把真正賓語(yǔ)不定式后置。

7　這個(gè)書(shū)包不是我的，是她的。

誤 　This bag is not mine. It's her .

正 　This bag is not mine. It's hers .

評(píng) 　mine, ours, hers等名詞性物主代詞，可單獨(dú)使用。my, her, our等形容詞性物主代詞，不可單獨(dú)使用，后要跟具體的人或物。

8　這是誰(shuí)的鋼筆？—是湯姆的。

誤 　Whose pen is it? —Its Tom's.

正 　Whose pen is it? —It's Tom's.

評(píng) 　its是it的所有格形式，作定語(yǔ)。it's是it is的縮寫(xiě)。

9　誰(shuí)能回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題？我能！

誤 　Who can answer the question? I !

正 　Who can answer the question? Me !

評(píng) 　主格人稱代詞（I, we等）通常不單獨(dú)使用，在簡(jiǎn)單回答中，一般用賓格人稱代詞。

10　那些是什么？—那些是雞蛋。

誤 　What are those?—Those are eggs.

正 　What are those?—They are eggs.

評(píng) 　由these或those引起的問(wèn)句，回答時(shí)要用they。

11　他們中誰(shuí)會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)？

誤 　Who of them can speak English?

正 　Which of them can speak English?

評(píng) 　which可指人或物，表示一定范圍內(nèi)的“哪一個(gè)，誰(shuí)”。

12　她母親是一位教師。

誤 　She mother is a teacher.

正 　Her mother is a teacher.

評(píng) 　“她母親”要用代詞所有格her，不可用代詞主格。

13　任何人都不能摘這些花。

誤 　Anybody can not pick these flowers.

正 　Nobody can pick these flowers.

評(píng) 　anybody, anyone和anything用在肯定句中作主語(yǔ)，不可在否定句中作主語(yǔ)。nobody, no one和nothing用于否定句中作主語(yǔ)。

14　誰(shuí)遲到了？—我想是瑪麗。

誤 　Who is absent?—I think she is Mary.

正 　Who is absent?—I think it's Mary.

評(píng) 　回答Who is absent? Who's that等類(lèi)似問(wèn)句時(shí)，如果不能肯定是“誰(shuí)”，常用it代替人。

15　他們哪一個(gè)也不知道答案。

誤 　Each of them doesn't know the answer.

正 　None of them knows the answer.

評(píng) 　each作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，只用于肯定句，不可用于否定句。

16　這是誰(shuí)的詞典？

誤 　Who's dictionary is this?

正 　Whose dictionary is this?

評(píng) 　who's是who is的縮寫(xiě)，不可作定語(yǔ)。whose意為“誰(shuí)的”，作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。

17　我想喝點(diǎn)水，但杯子里沒(méi)有水。

誤 　I want to drink some water, but there is nothing in the bottle.

正 　I want to drink some water, but there is none in the bottle.

評(píng) 　none作不可數(shù)名詞表示“一點(diǎn)也沒(méi)有”，相當(dāng)于not any。nothing表示“沒(méi)有什么（東西），什么（東西）也沒(méi)有”。

18　這是她見(jiàn)過(guò)的最高的山。

誤 　It is the highest mountain which she has seen.

正 　It is the highest mountain that she has seen.

評(píng) 　作先行詞的名詞前有最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，其后的定語(yǔ)從句要用that引導(dǎo)，不可用which。

19　所有這些書(shū)都是我的。

誤 　All these books are my .

正 　All these books are mine .

評(píng) 　mine是名詞性物主代詞，可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于my+名詞。

20　就是在南京，她第一次遇見(jiàn)了他。

誤 　It was in Nanjing where she first met him.

正 　It was in Nanjing that she first met him.

評(píng) 　在“It is...that”強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中，無(wú)論強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間或人，均用that引導(dǎo)，不用where, which等。

21　這是艾麗絲的鑰匙，請(qǐng)交給她。

誤 　This is Alice's key. Please give her it .

正 　This is Alice's key. Please give it to her .

評(píng) 　give可帶雙賓語(yǔ)。如果直接賓語(yǔ)代詞是指物的it或them，只能說(shuō)give it/them to sb.；如果直接賓語(yǔ)是名詞，則可用give me the key或give the key to me。

22　我要說(shuō)的就是：多注意你的發(fā)音。

誤 　What I want to say is that : Pay more attention to your pronunciation.

正 　What I want to say is this : Pay more attention to your pronunciation.

評(píng) 　this用于指代下面將要提及的事，that則指代上面已提到過(guò)的事。

23　他們所有人都喜歡這部電影。

誤 　All them like the film.

正 　All of them like the film.

評(píng) 　all不可直接修飾代詞，要用“all of+代詞賓格”結(jié)構(gòu)。

24　他通常在星期天做家務(wù)。

誤 　He usually does his housework on Sunday.

正 　He usually does housework on Sunday.

評(píng) 　“做家務(wù)”要說(shuō)do housework，不可加one's。

25　她本人和她的兒子都受了傷。

誤 　Herself and her son were hurt.

正 　She and her son were hurt.

評(píng) 　反身代詞用于表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的場(chǎng)合。

26　瑪麗穿著同莉莉一樣的裙子。

誤 　Mary wears the same skirt that Lily wears.

正 　Mary wears the same skirt as Lily wears.

評(píng) 　the same...as表示“同……一樣的”，但兩者不是同一物，the same...that則表示兩者為同一物。

27　你父親是干什么的？—他是教師。

誤 　Who is your father?—He is a teacher.

正 　What is your father?—He is a teacher.

正 　What does your father do?—He is a teacher.

28　這個(gè)籃子里的蘋(píng)果比那個(gè)籃子里的蘋(píng)果大。

誤 　The apples in this basket are bigger than that in that basket.

正 　The apples in this basket are bigger than those in that basket.

評(píng) 　those和that均可指代前面已提到過(guò)的名詞，those指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞，that指代單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。

29　他自學(xué)英語(yǔ)。

誤 　He taught him English.

正 　He taught himself English.

評(píng) 　當(dāng)主語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)為同一人時(shí)，要用反身代詞。

30　他們兩人，哪一個(gè)都會(huì)放風(fēng)箏。

誤 　Any of them can fly a kite.

正 　Either of them can fly a kite.

評(píng) 　either表示“兩個(gè)中的任何一個(gè)”；any表示“3個(gè)或3個(gè)以上中的任何一個(gè)”。

31　班上人人都喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)。

誤 　Everyone in the class are fond of sports.

正 　Everyone in the class is fond of sports.

評(píng) 　everyone, everybody, everything, anyone, somebody等代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

32　他打了她的臉。

誤 　He hit her in her face .

正 　He hit her in the face .

評(píng) 　“打某人的臉”，要用hit sb. in the face，習(xí)慣表達(dá)。

33　這幅畫(huà)多美??！

誤 　How a beautiful picture it is!

正 　What a beautiful picture it is!

正 　How beautiful the picture is!

評(píng) 　what引導(dǎo)感嘆句修飾名詞，名詞前可有其他形容詞修飾。how引導(dǎo)感嘆句修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞。

34　我有一塊手表，但是幾天前弄丟了。

誤 　I had a watch but I lost this a few days ago.

正 　I had a watch but I lost it a few days ago.

評(píng) 　指代前面已提到過(guò)的單數(shù)名詞，要用it，不用this。

35　我有些重要的事要告訴你。

誤 　I have important something to tell you.

正 　I have something important to tell you.

評(píng) 　修飾不定代詞something, nothing, anything, everything等的形容詞，要后置。

36　我的雨傘丟了，我要再買(mǎi)一把。

誤 　I've lost my umbrella, I want to buy it again.

正 　I've lost my umbrella, I want to buy one again.

評(píng) 　one用于泛指，代替同一名稱的另一件東西，兩者不是同一物。

37　他自己洗衣服。

誤 　Himself washed the clothes.

正 　He washed the clothes himself .

評(píng) 　反身代詞通常不作主語(yǔ)，而作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)，也可作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ)，常表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。

38　她昨天什么也沒(méi)有吃。

誤 　She didn't eat something yesterday.

正 　She didn't eat anything yesterday.

評(píng) 　something用于肯定句，anything用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句。

39　我沒(méi)有詞典，得買(mǎi)一本。

誤 　I haven't got a dictionary and have to buy that .

正 　I haven't got a dictionary and have to buy one .

評(píng) 　表示泛指的“a/an+名詞”常用one代替，表示特指的“the+名詞”常用that代替。

40　那是我自己的房間。

誤 　That's myself room.

正 　That's my own room.

評(píng) 　反身代詞myself, ourselves等不可作定語(yǔ)。

41　一個(gè)人應(yīng)隨時(shí)向別人學(xué)習(xí)。

誤 　Someone should always be ready to learn from others.

正 　One should always be ready to learn from others.

評(píng) 　one表示“一個(gè)人，任何人”，為泛指，包括說(shuō)話人在內(nèi)。someone表示“某人，有人”。

42　她在晚會(huì)上玩得很高興。

誤 　She enjoyed her at the party.

正 　She enjoyed herself at the party.

評(píng) 　enjoy oneself表示“過(guò)得快活，玩得快活”，要用反身代詞作賓語(yǔ)。

43　每個(gè)人都盡了全力。

誤 　Everybody has done their best.

正 　Everybody has done his best.

評(píng) 　everybody為單數(shù)，應(yīng)用his保持一致。

44　這兩扇窗子都開(kāi)著。

誤 　The windows both are open.

正 　The windows are both open.

評(píng) 　both作同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般要放在be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后，行為動(dòng)詞前。如：They both joined the army. （他們兩人都參了軍。） We must both read the book again. （我們兩人都得把這本書(shū)再讀一遍。）

【提示】 all用作同位語(yǔ)時(shí)的位置與both相同。

45　汽車(chē)來(lái)了，不是嗎？

誤 　There comes the bus, doesn't there ?

正 　There comes the bus, doesn't it ?

評(píng) 　there be句型表示“存在”時(shí)，其附加問(wèn)句仍用there引導(dǎo)。

46　你怎樣處理這些舊書(shū)呢？

誤 　How will you do with these old books?

正 　What will you do with these old books?

評(píng) 　do with意為“處理，對(duì)付”，do是及物動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)有賓語(yǔ)，故要用what，不用how。

47　所有這樣的工具都是手工做的。

誤 　Such all tools are made by hand.

正 　All such tools are made by hand.

評(píng) 　指示代詞such應(yīng)放在any, one, few, some, all, no等修飾語(yǔ)后。

48　她昨天收到了他的來(lái)信。

誤 　She heard from his letter yesterday.

正 　She heard from him yesterday.

正 　She received his letter yesterday.

評(píng) 　“收到來(lái)信”可以說(shuō)hear from sb.或receive sb.'s letter。

49　我昨晚9點(diǎn)鐘做完了家庭作業(yè)。

誤 　I finished homework at nine o'clock last night.

正 　I finished my homework at nine o'clock last night.

評(píng) 　do one's homework和finish one's homework為固定表達(dá)。

50　他們幾個(gè)人誰(shuí)也沒(méi)爬那座山。

誤 　Neither of them climbed the mountain.

正 　None of them climbed the mountain.

評(píng) 　neither表示“兩者都不”；none指“3個(gè)或3個(gè)以上都不”。

51　中國(guó)有多少人口？

誤 　How many is the population of China?

誤 　How much is the population of China?

正 　What's the population of China?

評(píng) 　問(wèn)“多少人口”要用What's the population...?或How big is the population...?不可用how many或how much。

52　她的父母是醫(yī)生。

誤 　Her father and her mother are doctors.

正 　Her father and mother are doctors.

正 　Her parents are doctors.

評(píng) 　and連接的兩個(gè)名詞，關(guān)系密切時(shí)，常共用一個(gè)冠詞或代詞，如果關(guān)系不密切，則每個(gè)名詞前均要用冠詞或代詞。

53　兩個(gè)男孩都在房間里。

誤 　Either of the boys are in the room.

正 　Either of the boys is in the room.

評(píng) 　“either of, neither of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

54　我和莉莉在同一班上。

誤 　I and Lily are in the same class.

正 　Lily and I are in the same class.

評(píng) 　出于禮貌，英語(yǔ)中通常把you放在最前面，把I放在最后。

55　那里沒(méi)有人，是嗎？

誤 　Nobody is there, is anybody ?

正 　Nobody is there, are they ?

評(píng) 　nobody作陳述句的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其反意疑問(wèn)句通常要用they。

56　他說(shuō)：“我知道答案?！?/b>

誤 　He said that, “I know the answer.”

正 　He said, “I know the answer.”

評(píng) 　在直接引語(yǔ)中，不用連接詞that，在間接引語(yǔ)中才用that。