大跌眼鏡：常喝含添加劑的酸奶很可能導(dǎo)致肥胖

When it comes to understanding the challenge facing the nation on obesity, yoghurt is a good place to start.

當(dāng)說(shuō)到要了解英國(guó)面臨的肥胖癥挑戰(zhàn)，我們不妨從酸奶聊起。

It’s one of the most common items in our shopping basket. We spend more on it than we do on crisps and bacon.

酸奶是我們平時(shí)購(gòu)物最常買的物品之一，我們?cè)谒崮躺系幕ㄙM(fèi)比薯片和培根要高。

In its normal state - natural full-fat - it’s pretty good for you. It can boost your immune system, is good for your bones and is great at satisfying hunger.

正常情況下-天然全脂-對(duì)身體有好處，它可以增強(qiáng)免疫系統(tǒng)功能，對(duì)骨骼有好處，還能飽腹。

The problem is that a great deal of the yoghurt we buy is not the natural stuff. Instead we seem to like the processed products, which are made by partly substituting yoghurt and adding a combination of other ingredients such as gelatine, sugar and flavourings. It tends to be cheaper to produce per calorie, but nowhere near as good for you.

問(wèn)題是，我們購(gòu)買的很多酸奶并非天然的，但似乎人們更加青睞加工品。這些加工品將部分酸奶替換掉，加入其他多種元素如明膠、糖和調(diào)味劑。這種產(chǎn)品往往每卡路里成本更低廉，但對(duì)你的身體一丁點(diǎn)好處都沒(méi)有。

 

　　The Food Foundation campaign group has taken a look at this. In a report earlier this year, the group analysed Muller Corner yoghurts, the brand leader accounting for about 15% of the market.

 

食品基金會(huì)活動(dòng)組織近期開(kāi)始關(guān)注這個(gè)問(wèn)題。在今年早期的一份報(bào)告中，該組織分析了Muller Corner牌酸奶，它是酸奶品牌領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，市場(chǎng)占有率達(dá)15%。

Muller produces a number of different types, one of which is the crunch corner series of yoghurts. They contain between 21g and 30g of sugar - most of this is from added sugars rather than natural sugars from milk.

Muller生產(chǎn)銷售多種類型產(chǎn)品，其中一種是嚼脆系列酸奶。它含有21g至30g糖-大部分來(lái)自添加糖而非牛奶中的天然糖分。

For a young child these products can contain almost enough sugar to take them close to their daily recommended sugar intake. For adults they commonly have enough to take them over the halfway mark.

對(duì)于小孩子來(lái)說(shuō)這些產(chǎn)品包含了足夠多的糖分，幾乎接近一天內(nèi)建議攝入糖分量的上限。對(duì)成人而言，這也已經(jīng)超過(guò)了建議攝入糖分量的一半。

To support sales, Muller Corner heavily invests in advertising. It is the dairy industry’s biggest spender - investing over 10m pounds a year in 2015, the Food Foundation report said.

為了促進(jìn)銷量，Muller Corner在廣告上大量投資。據(jù)食品基金會(huì)報(bào)道，它是乳制品行業(yè)最大的花費(fèi)者-2015年投資超過(guò)一千萬(wàn)英鎊。

The vast majority went on TV adverts, including during X Factor, which, while watched by many children, is not covered by the ban on junk food advertising, which only applies to programmes aimed solely at children.

大部分資金用在電視廣告上，包括很多兒童觀看的“英國(guó)偶像”里的插播廣告。英國(guó)對(duì)于專門針對(duì)兒童的電視節(jié)目中禁止播放垃圾食品廣告，而酸奶不在禁止名單當(dāng)中。

Muller, as you would expect, defends its brands, pointing out it has a range of products, including Mullerlight and Muller Rice, and that it is clear all its products should be consumed as part of a "varied and balanced diet".

正如你所期望的，Muller捍衛(wèi)自己的品牌，指出它有一系列產(chǎn)品，包括Mullerlight和Muller大米，而且很明顯它所有的產(chǎn)品應(yīng)當(dāng)作為“多樣化和平衡飲食”的一部分。

But this doesn’t wash for campaigners. They want tighter restrictions on the food industry believing the way food is now produced, marketed and promoted is to blame.

但該活動(dòng)小組成員并不買賬。他們希望食品行業(yè)有更嚴(yán)厲的限制，并且認(rèn)為現(xiàn)有食品的生產(chǎn)、銷售及推廣方式應(yīng)當(dāng)受到責(zé)備。

Some 58% of advertising spend is on confectionery and convenience food, compared to only 3% on fruit, vegetables and pasta.

58%的廣告費(fèi)花在糖果店以及方便食品上，而只有3%花費(fèi)在水果蔬菜和面條上。

Less healthy foods are a three times cheaper source of calories than healthy foods, while promotions cause us to buy 20% more than we would otherwise.

不健康食品相比健康食品而言，其卡路里來(lái)源成本要便宜三倍，而廣告則讓我們比正常情況下多購(gòu)買20%這些不健康食品。

Campaigners call this the obesogenic environment and say it is a major reason why we are not eating the right sort of food.

活動(dòng)小組成員稱這為肥胖環(huán)境，并認(rèn)為這是我們沒(méi)有攝入正確食物的主要原因。

Nearly two-thirds of the calories we consume are from highly processed foods, many of which are low in fibre and high in fat, sugar or salt, while three-quarters of us do not eat enough fruit and vegetables.

近三分之二的熱量是我們從高度加工的食品中攝取的，這部分食物大多低纖維、高脂肪、高糖分或高鹽分。有四分之三的人平時(shí)沒(méi)有攝入足夠的水果和蔬菜。

So what can be done? The tax on sugary drinks, announced earlier this year and due to come into force in 2018, was widely welcomed. But it is seen as just a start by the health lobby, which has been buoyed by its success in convincing ministers to take the plunge on the sugar tax - for months they had been suggesting they weren’t keen.

那么我們?cè)撟鳇c(diǎn)什么?今年年初時(shí)宣布的“含糖飲料征稅”將于2018年實(shí)施，該規(guī)定受到廣泛歡迎。但這僅僅是健康游說(shuō)者的一個(gè)開(kāi)始，他們因?yàn)槌晒φf(shuō)服了政府官員冒險(xiǎn)嘗試糖分稅收而受到鼓舞-數(shù)月以來(lái)他們一直表示他們并不熱心。

Other steps, including a more substantial restriction on advertising, an end to promotions such as buy-one-get-one-free deals and clearer labelling, are now being targeted.

其他很多方法也被列入目標(biāo)，包括更大范圍限制廣告、禁止“買一贈(zèng)一”的廣告宣傳以及更清晰的標(biāo)識(shí)。

Will they get their way? They certainly have the ear of government and with the obesity strategy expected to be published as soon as the EU vote is out of the way we should find out sooner rather than later.

他們會(huì)達(dá)成目標(biāo)嗎?他們當(dāng)然有機(jī)會(huì)接觸到政府的消息，當(dāng)歐盟選舉結(jié)束后他們的肥胖戰(zhàn)略會(huì)盡快發(fā)布。宜早不宜遲，我們希望盡快看到結(jié)果。