九月的夜空中可以看到什么

在九月的夜空中可以看到什么

After a summer that featured Tesla's spaceman completing a full orbit around the sun, a muted Perseid meteor shower in August, and the 50th anniversary of the Apollo 11 mission, it's been an eventful time in the galaxy we call home. What could September possibly offer for an encore? Plenty, it turns out.

今年夏天，特斯拉(Tesla)的宇航員完成了繞太陽(yáng)的完整軌道飛行，8月的英仙座流星雨減弱，以及阿波羅11號(hào)(Apollo 11)任務(wù)50周年紀(jì)念，這些都是我們稱之為家的銀河系經(jīng)歷的多事之秋。9月份的重播可能會(huì)帶來(lái)什么?事實(shí)證明，有很多。

Joshua Tree National Park glows at night. (Photo: Henrique Pinto [public domain]/Wikimedia Commons)

India's Chandrayaan-2 mission arrives at the moon (Sept. 6)

印度“月船2號(hào)”探月成功(9月6日)

An engineering model of the Chandrayaan-2 rover, displayed at the 6th Bangalore Space Expo in September 2018. (Photo: Dean Sumith [CC by SA 4.0]/Wikimedia Commons)

India successfully launched its second lunar exploration mission back in July, sending an orbiter, lander and rover to the south pole of the moon. A touchdown would be truly historic for the country, as only the United States, China, and Russia have accomplished a moon landing. None of those landings were in the south polar region, though, which is where India's mission is headed. India isn't the only one with its eyes on the south pole — NASA plans to land astronauts there in 2024.

今年7月，印度成功發(fā)射了第二次探月任務(wù)，向月球南極發(fā)射了軌道飛行器、著陸器和月球車。著陸對(duì)這個(gè)國(guó)家來(lái)說(shuō)將是歷史性的，因?yàn)橹挥忻绹?guó)、中國(guó)和俄羅斯完成了登月。不過(guò)，這些著陸都沒(méi)有發(fā)生在印度任務(wù)的目的地——南極地區(qū)。印度并不是唯一一個(gè)關(guān)注南極的國(guó)家——美國(guó)宇航局計(jì)劃在2024年將宇航員送到南極。

Neptune gets up close and personal (Sept. 10)

海王星與你親密接觸(9月10日)

Neptune is about 17 times bigger than Earth. (Photo: NASA [public domain]/Wikimedia Commons)

This is the best day of the year to see Neptune, as it makes its closest approach to earth, which happens when it's almost directly opposite of the sun. Even at its closest, you'll still need a telescope, as it'll look more like a bright star when viewing with just your naked eye.

這是一年中觀察海王星最好的一天，因?yàn)樗x地球最近，而這發(fā)生在它幾乎與太陽(yáng)正對(duì)的時(shí)候。即使是在離它最近的時(shí)候，你仍然需要一架望遠(yuǎn)鏡，因?yàn)橛萌庋劭此鼤?huì)更像一顆明亮的星星。

Dial up Neil Young for this Harvest Moon (Sept. 14)

9月14日，尼爾·楊迎來(lái)了豐收之月

The Harvest Moon appears over the horizon in Washington, D.C. (Photo: CTDPIX [CC by SA 4.0]/Wikimedia Commons)

The "Harvest Moon" will reach full phase at 12:33 a.m. EDT. This type of full moon can occur in either September or October, since it's tied to an astronomical event: the autumnal equinox. It's called that because it provides the most light at a crucial time of year: to gather and complete the harvest!

“豐收之月”將于美國(guó)東部時(shí)間上午12:33分到達(dá)滿月。這種滿月可能發(fā)生在9月或10月，因?yàn)樗c一個(gè)天文事件有關(guān):秋分。之所以這么叫是因?yàn)樗谝荒曛械年P(guān)鍵時(shí)刻提供了最多的陽(yáng)光:收集和完成收獲!

Slide into fall (Sept. 23)

滑入秋天(9月23日)

The fall equinox occurs in the Northern Hemisphere at exactly 3:50 a.m. EDT. (Photo: Julia Prudska [CC by SA 3.0]/Wikimedia Commons)

The first day of autumn in the Northern Hemisphere will officially arrive on this day, and for our friends in the Southern Hemisphere, it's the first day of spring! At 3:50 a.m. EDT, we'll say goodbye to the lazy days of summer and welcome the start of fall with the autumnal equinox. According to Time and Date this event marks "the moment the sun crosses the celestial equator — the imaginary line in the sky above the Earth’s equator – from north to south and vice versa in March." It's also a good time to start thinking about firewood, carving pumpkins, warmer clothing, and an anticipation of the colder months that lie ahead. (According to the Farmers' Almanac, we're going to have a frigid one.)

北半球秋天的第一天將在這一天正式到來(lái)，對(duì)于我們南半球的朋友來(lái)說(shuō)，這是春天的第一天!在美國(guó)東部時(shí)間凌晨3:50，我們將告別夏天的慵懶時(shí)光，以秋分迎接秋天的開(kāi)始。根據(jù)時(shí)間和日期，這一事件標(biāo)志著“太陽(yáng)穿過(guò)地球赤道的時(shí)刻——地球赤道上方天空中的假想線——從北到南，反之亦然。”這也是開(kāi)始考慮柴火、雕刻南瓜、暖和的衣服以及對(duì)未來(lái)寒冷月份的期待的好時(shí)候。(根據(jù)農(nóng)民年鑒，我們將有一個(gè)寒冷的冬天。)

The return of the aurora, Zodiacal light (late September)

極光、黃道光的回歸(九月下旬)

Zodiacal light is sometimes called 'false dawn' when it appears. (Photo: Mike Lewinski [CC by 2.0]/Flickr)

This celestial object (aka the Zodiacal light) also signals the start of fall for the Northern Hemisphere. It's described as a "cone-shaped glow," similar to the Milky Way's dusty look, but made out of comet and asteroid dust. For best viewing, look up your local sunrise time and back that up two hours — and make plenty of coffee to keep you awake as this "false dawn" appears.

這個(gè)天體(又名黃道光)也標(biāo)志著北半球秋天的開(kāi)始。它被描述為“錐形輝光”，類似于銀河系的塵埃狀，但由彗星和小行星塵埃構(gòu)成。為了獲得最佳的觀賞效果，你可以查看當(dāng)?shù)氐娜粘鰰r(shí)間，并將其往回調(diào)兩個(gè)小時(shí)——當(dāng)這個(gè)“虛假的黎明”出現(xiàn)時(shí)，沖足夠的咖啡讓你保持清醒。