羅丹是如何確保他的巴黎博物館未來(lái)的財(cái)務(wù)狀況的

羅丹是如何確保他的巴黎博物館未來(lái)的財(cái)務(wù)狀況的

Museums around the world are struggling because of the coronavirus: New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art is projecting $100 million in losses this year, and even France's publicly funded Louvre has lost 40 million euros following a four-month closure.

世界各地的博物館因冠狀病毒而陷入困境:紐約大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館今年的虧損達(dá)到了1億美元,甚至法國(guó)的公開資助的盧浮宮在四個(gè)月的關(guān)閉后損失了4000萬(wàn)歐元。

Musée Rodin in the southwest corner of Paris has a unique economic model to keep it running ... and it involves selling some of the artwork.

位于巴黎西南角的羅丹博物館擁有獨(dú)特的經(jīng)濟(jì)模式來(lái)維持運(yùn)營(yíng)……還包括出售一些藝術(shù)品。

The 19th-century sculptor's most famous bronze statue, The Thinker, sits amid pink and white roses in a spacious hedge lined garden, with the Eiffel Tower in the distance. If you recall seeing The Thinker elsewhere, you're right. Thanks to Rodin's economic ingenuity, this statue and many of his others also can be found in galleries around the world.

這位19世紀(jì)雕刻家最著名的青銅雕像是《思想者》，它坐落在一個(gè)寬闊的、綠籬環(huán)繞的花園里，四周是粉紅色和白色的玫瑰，遠(yuǎn)處是埃菲爾鐵塔。如果你記得在別處見過《思想者》，你就對(duì)了。由于羅丹在經(jīng)濟(jì)上的聰明才智，這個(gè)雕像和他的其他許多雕像也可以在世界各地的畫廊里找到。

When he died in 1917, Rodin left his estate to the museum, including the original plaster molds of more than 100 sculptures. "Rodin gave the economical system so that the museum could live," museum communications director Clémence Goldberger explains.

1917年羅丹去世時(shí)，他把他的遺產(chǎn)留給了博物館，包括100多個(gè)雕塑的原始石膏模型。“羅丹提供了經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)，使博物館能夠生存，”博物館公關(guān)總監(jiān)克萊門斯·戈德伯格解釋說(shuō)。

The museum still uses these molds to recast new bronze sculptures and sell them — and with a projected loss of 3 million euros this year, the molds have never proved more valuable.

博物館仍在使用這些模型重鑄新的青銅雕塑并將其出售——這些模型今年預(yù)計(jì)將損失300萬(wàn)歐元，其價(jià)值從未如此之高。

"Legally they are originals," says Didier Rykner, an art historian. "But you know, they are originals from Rodin and they were made one year ago — so what is original and what is not? "

“從法律上講，它們都是原創(chuàng)作品，”藝術(shù)歷史學(xué)家迪迪埃•賴克納說(shuō)。“但你知道，它們是羅丹的原作，而且是一年前制作的，那么什么是原作，什么不是?””

Rykner acknowledges the existential questions that arise from this practice, but says you can't blame the museum for utilizing a system the artist himself put in place.

賴克納承認(rèn)了這種做法的存在問題，但他說(shuō)，你不能責(zé)怪博物館利用藝術(shù)家自己建立的系統(tǒng)。

"It's good because it brings money for the museum," Rykner says.

“這很好，因?yàn)樗鼮椴┪镳^帶來(lái)了收入，” 賴克納說(shuō)。

A visitor looks at Rodin's The Thinker at Alte Nationalgalerie in Berlin in May 2020.

2020年5月，一名參觀者在柏林的Alte nationalerie畫廊觀看羅丹的《思想者》。

With prices starting at around 30,000 euros and extending to tens of millions, the molds have become a crucial safety net.

由于模型的起價(jià)在3萬(wàn)歐元左右，一直延伸到數(shù)千萬(wàn)歐元，因此模型已成為一個(gè)至關(guān)重要的安全網(wǎng)。

Even though the Rodin museum is considered public, it doesn't take any money from the state. But that's exactly what the artist wanted, says the museum's director Catherine Chevillot.

盡管羅丹博物館被認(rèn)為是公共的，但它不從國(guó)家拿一分錢。但博物館館長(zhǎng)凱瑟琳·切維勒說(shuō)，這正是藝術(shù)家想要的。

"I think he wanted to be sure that his museum could survive and could be independent," Chevillot explains.

“我認(rèn)為他想確保他的博物館能夠存活下來(lái)，能夠獨(dú)立，” 切維勒解釋說(shuō)。

After a four-month closure due to the coronavirus, the museum reopened to the public in early July. But the experience is different: There's a face mask requirement, a hand sanitizer machine at the entrance and a one-way path through the galleries.

在因感染冠狀病毒而關(guān)閉了四個(gè)月后，博物館于7月初重新向公眾開放。但體驗(yàn)是不同的:需要佩戴口罩，入口處有一個(gè)洗手液消毒機(jī)，走廊里有一條單行道。

The most noticeable change, however, is the drop in visitors. The majority of ticket sales usually come from international tourists, many of whom are still barred from entry into the European Union.

然而，最明顯的變化是游客數(shù)量的下降。大部分門票銷售通常來(lái)自國(guó)際游客，其中許多人仍被禁止進(jìn)入歐盟。