英語世界文摘:Common Misbeliefs About Sherlock Holmes

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Common Misbeliefs About Sherlock Holmes

福爾摩斯的常見誤解

Sherlock Holmes was a handsome man.

歇洛克·福爾摩斯英俊瀟灑。

It is a misconception that the detective was handsome. Though for movies, films and theatre plays producers cast good-looking actors to play the sleuth, Conan Doyle did not want him to be a nice man. According to the author’s description Holmes is rather hideous[1]: he is balding and has a big nose. Many years later J. K. Rowling hid Harry Potter under a scar and glasses, and this way people saw his features and deeds and formed their opinions accordingly. Doyle wanted to show the spirit, courage and humanity of Holmes. The detective became handsome because of a brilliant artist called Sidney Paget. He was commissioned by The Strand Magazine to make illustrations to the Holmes novels. While reading the stories Sidney came to like the eccentric Sherlock and that is why the character was handsome for him. But Conan Doyle thought it was Frank Wiles who depicted Holmes the closest to his original idea.

“神探歇洛克英俊瀟灑”是個(gè)誤解。盡管在銀幕上和舞臺(tái)劇中，制片人總讓好看的演員扮演這位偵探，但柯南·道爾本不想如此。根據(jù)作者的描述，福爾摩斯相當(dāng)丑陋：他不但謝頂，還長了只大鼻子！多年以后，J. K. 羅琳把哈利·波特藏在了傷疤和眼鏡之后，人們由此注意到他的特質(zhì)和行為，從而形成對他的看法。道爾希望展示的，是福爾摩斯的精神、勇氣和人道關(guān)懷。神探之所以變得英俊瀟灑，要?dú)w功于一個(gè)名叫西德尼·佩吉特的優(yōu)秀畫家。他受《斯特蘭雜志》委托，為福爾摩斯系列小說繪制插畫。在閱讀故事的過程中，西德尼喜歡上了這個(gè)古怪的主人公，所以將他畫得格外英俊。但是，柯南·道爾認(rèn)為，弗蘭克·懷爾斯所畫的福爾摩斯最符合他的原意。

[1]hideous十分丑陋的。

Holmes and Watson are old.

福爾摩斯和華生都是老頭。

Many people imagine the duo is middle-aged at the beginning of their friendship. Before their first encounter Watson served as an army doctor in Afghanistan and Holmes already had a reputation in solving crimes. In fact they both are young, around thirty years during most of their adventures. The two are almost coveal–Holmes was born in 1854 and he met Watson in 1881. It is easy to explain how could they achieve so many things at such a young age: they both were extraordinary young men. Though Watson is lightly overshadowed by Holmes, the good doctor was an intelligent man and a well-trained surgeon, who pulled through[2] on the battlefield.

很多人想象這對搭檔相識(shí)時(shí)都已人到中年。他們初次相遇之前，華生在阿富汗當(dāng)軍醫(yī)，而福爾摩斯已經(jīng)在破案方面頗有名氣。事實(shí)上，他們倆都挺年輕，大部分冒險(xiǎn)都發(fā)生在他們?nèi)畾q左右。福爾摩斯出生于1854年，與華生相識(shí)于1881年。他們?nèi)绱四贻p有為也很好解釋——因?yàn)樗麄兌际亲繝柌蝗旱那嗄辍ｋm然華生有點(diǎn)兒被福爾摩斯的光芒掩蓋了，但他的確是個(gè)聰慧機(jī)敏的好醫(yī)生，一個(gè)久經(jīng)沙場、訓(xùn)練有素的外科醫(yī)生。

[2]pull through扛住，熬過。

Sherlock Holmes was homosexual.

歇洛克·福爾摩斯是個(gè)同性戀。

It is a current opinion that Holmes and Watson had a romantic relationship. Actually Watson was married not only once in Doyle’s novels, so he was heterosexual[3]. Holmes lived entirely for his profession–he was workaholic. There are people who do not consider sex their purpose. They can fully or partially do without sex urge. Famous scientists like Stephen Hawking or Sir Isaac Newton were workaholics too.

現(xiàn)在有人認(rèn)為，福爾摩斯和華生之間關(guān)系曖昧。但事實(shí)上，華生在道爾的小說里結(jié)過不止一次婚，所以他是個(gè)異性戀。福爾摩斯則將全身心投入在事業(yè)中——他是個(gè)工作狂。有些人不以性為人生目標(biāo)。他們可以完全或部分舍棄性欲?；艚稹⑴ｎD等著名的科學(xué)家也是工作狂。

[3]heterosexual異性戀的。

Sherlock’s job is dangerous, it requires fast thinking, the ability of combining things and a perfect build-up[4]. It is an extremely exhaustive profession, and after it he has no time or/and energy to other activities or private life. Similar to him C. Auguste Dupin[5] and Hercule Poirot[6] had no companions.

歇洛克的工作險(xiǎn)象環(huán)生，不但需要快速思考，還要能將事物綜合，完美推演。這個(gè)職業(yè)會(huì)徹底把人掏空，所以歇洛克工作之余根本沒有時(shí)間、精力去參與其他活動(dòng)或處理私人生活。與之相似，C. 奧古斯特·杜邦和大偵探波洛也都孑然一身。

[4]build-up對事件做演繹推理。

[5]愛倫·坡推理小說中的偵探，也被視為小說世界里的第一位偵探。

[6]英國作家阿加莎·克里斯蒂塑造的知名大偵探，是文學(xué)史上非常杰出且深受歡迎的偵探之一。

Roger Johnson (The Sherlock Holmes Society of London Press and Publicity Officer and Hon Editor. He is the editor of the Sherlock Holmes Journal.), observed that in Arthur Conan Doyle’s original stories, “Watson is something of a ladies’ man[7], but a faithful husband to his wife. And Holmes is essentially asexual, with no erotic interest in women or men.”

羅杰·約翰遜是倫敦歇洛克·福爾摩斯協(xié)會(huì)出版宣傳負(fù)責(zé)人和名譽(yù)編輯，也是《歇洛克·福爾摩斯期刊》的主編。他表示，在阿瑟·柯南·道爾的原著故事里，“華生挺有女人緣，但對妻子很忠誠。福爾摩斯則基本上是個(gè)性冷淡，對男人女人都不感興趣”。

[7]ladies’ man富有女人緣的男性。

“But love is an emotional thing, and whatever is emotional is opposed to that true cold reason which I place above all things. I should never marry myself, lest I bias[8]my judgment.”– Sherlock Holmes quote from The Sign of Four. The detective needs true cold reason for his profession.

“然而，愛情是一種情緒化的東西，與此同時(shí)，任何情緒化的東西都與真真正正的冷靜理性格格不入，后者才是我最為推崇的東西。我永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)結(jié)婚，免得影響自己的判斷力。”這是歇洛克·福爾摩斯在《四簽名》中所說的。偵探職業(yè)要求他擁有“真真正正的冷靜理性”。

[8]bias使產(chǎn)生偏見。

The society of the Victorian era had a different attitude towards sexuality. Nowadays it is an everyday topic. At that time there had been a belief that living a sexually active life shortens life expectancy and dulls thinking. It is possible that Holmes refrained[9] from sexuality because of this reason–he thought it is harmful for thinking. He remarked digestion draws away energy from brainwork, and maybe his opinion was the same about sex.

維多利亞時(shí)代的社會(huì)對于性有著特殊的看法。如今這是一個(gè)日常話題，但在那個(gè)時(shí)代，人們普遍認(rèn)為頻繁的性生活會(huì)縮短預(yù)期壽命，使人思維遲鈍。福爾摩斯很可能是認(rèn)為性欲對思考有害才禁欲的。他曾說過消化會(huì)奪走腦力勞動(dòng)的能量，也許他對性抱持同樣的看法。

[9]refrain忍住，節(jié)制。