英語中表示時(shí)間的副詞和短語 英語中表示時(shí)間的副詞和短語

　　一、單個(gè)副詞表示時(shí)間

　　1. 表示動(dòng)作(事件)發(fā)生的時(shí)間

　　這類副詞常見的有:ago, before, lately, later (on), now, recently, then, today, tomorrow, tonight, yesterday等。例如:

　　1)It’s beginning to rain now! (時(shí)間點(diǎn))現(xiàn)在開始下雨了!

　　2)I haven’t seen her recently. (時(shí)間段) 最近我沒見到她。

　　3)Will you be free tonight? (時(shí)間段) 你今晚有空嗎?

　　4)See you later. (時(shí)間點(diǎn))回頭見。

　　2. 表示頻度

　　這類副詞常見的有:always, constantly, continuously, continually, ever, frequently, generally, hardly ever, much, never, normally, occasionally(偶爾), often, periodically(定期地,偶爾), rarely, regularly, repeatedly, seldom(很少), sometimes, usually, now and then(偶爾,有時(shí))等。例如:

　　1)She is constantly changing her mind. (頻度)她老是改變主意。

　　2)We do meet now and then, but not regularly. (頻度)我們確實(shí)偶爾也見面,但不經(jīng)常。

　　3)Lester rarely left his room. (頻度)萊斯特很少離開他的房間。

　　3. 其他一些表示時(shí)間的副詞:

　　主要有:already, early, finally, first, immediately, just, late, long, presently, shortly, since, soon, yet等。例如:

　　1)I’ll be back presently(shortly). 我一會(huì)兒就回來。

　　2)What decision did you finally arrive at?你們最后做出了什么決定?

　　3)Nancy was up early. 南希很早就起來了。

　　4)He has just had an operation. 他剛動(dòng)過手術(shù)。

　　分析:

　　句1)中的presently (shortly)(不久,一會(huì)兒),強(qiáng)調(diào)從現(xiàn)在算起到將來的某一時(shí)刻,時(shí)間持續(xù)很短;句2)中的finally(最終)強(qiáng)調(diào)事件的最終結(jié)果;句3)中的early(早)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間比通常所認(rèn)定的時(shí)間早;句4)中的just表示從過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間算起到現(xiàn)在,時(shí)間持續(xù)很短。

　　二、前面帶有介詞in, at, on和for表示時(shí)間的短語

　　1. 帶有介詞in的時(shí)間短語:

　　in a flash(瞬時(shí)), in a lucky hour(在幸運(yùn)時(shí)刻), in an evil hour(在不幸的時(shí)刻), in a minute, in a second, in a short time, in a while, in advance(預(yù)先), in an instant, in broad day(在大白天), in due course(及時(shí)地), in future, in good season(及時(shí)地), in no time(馬上), in one’s childhood, in one’s spare time, in one’s teens, in one’s youth, in re-cent years, in some cases(有時(shí)候), in spring, in the beginning, in the daytime, in the end, in the long run(最后), in the meantime, in the morning, in the past, in this period, in those days, in time等。例如:

　　1)He was born in1980. 他生于1980年。

　　2)The policeman arrived intime and caught the thief in a flash. 警察及時(shí)趕到,瞬時(shí)抓住了那個(gè)小偷。