英語閱讀基本功之難句過關(guān)大全（一） 英語閱讀基本功之難句過關(guān)大全（一）

（一）定語從句

　　英語和漢語中的定語有很大的不同。漢語中定語只能前置,而英語中定語既可前置也可后置。兩者的不同,不僅表現(xiàn)在結(jié)構(gòu)上,也表現(xiàn)在意義上。英語中的定語從句有時從原因、結(jié)果、目的或條件等方面對中心詞加以限定。因此,在對語法結(jié)構(gòu)、上下文邏輯關(guān)系深刻理解的前提下,為了更明確地表明這種邏輯關(guān)系,可以將定語從句翻譯成相應(yīng)的狀語從句。同時值得注意的是,定語從句與中心詞之間常有分割成分,而該分割成分中與定語從句緊挨著的名詞,常常會被誤認(rèn)為定語從句的中心詞。　　

　　因此,遇到這種結(jié)構(gòu),一定要根據(jù)上下文和常識進(jìn)行判斷。翻譯定語從句時可采用提前譯、順序譯、分譯或轉(zhuǎn)譯等多種方法。

　　1. As far as the third factor is concerned, the history of science shows many instances in which the force of authority has operated in such a manner as to build up an exceedingly powerful resistance to further investigation; in some cases centuries elapsed before this resistance was eventually broken down, as happened in cosmology, for example.

　　第一層： As far as the third factor is concerned , 狀語從句1 the history 主 of science 定 shows 謂 many 定 instances 賓 in which the force of authority has operated in such a manner as to build up an exceedingly power- 定語從句 ful resistance to further investigation ; in some cases 狀 centuries 主 elapsed 謂 before this resistance was eventually broken down, as 狀語從句2 happened in cosmology, for example.

　　第二層： (狀語從句1) As far as 引 the third factor 主語 is 系 concerned 表語