初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法——形容詞副詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)注意事項(xiàng)

誤：Your English is better than me.

正：Your English is better than mine.

◇比較級(jí)前可以有一個(gè)表示程度的狀語(yǔ)，

最常見(jiàn)的三大修飾詞是：a little, much, even。

以下單詞也可用來(lái)修飾：any, far, still, a lot, yet, rather。

My sister is a little taller than me.

Their house is much larger than ours.

另外，名詞短語(yǔ)也可修飾比較級(jí)，說(shuō)明程度。

I’m three years older than he.

特別提醒：very, quite, too不可修飾比較級(jí)。

◇避免重復(fù)使用比較級(jí)。

誤：He is more kinder to small animals than I.

正：He is much kinder to small animals than I.

誤：He is more cleverer than his brother.

正：He is cleverer than his brother.

◇比較要符合邏輯，在同一范圍內(nèi)比較時(shí)，避免將主語(yǔ)含在比較對(duì)象中，這時(shí)需使用other來(lái)排除自身。

誤：China is larger that any country in Asia.

正：China is larger than any other country in Asia.

誤：John studies harder than any student in his class.

正：John studies harder than any other student in his class.

正：John studies harder than any of the other students in his class.

正：John studies harder than anyone else in his class.

◇比較要遵循前后一致的原則，注意前后呼應(yīng)。

The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.

It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.

◇序數(shù)詞通常只修飾最高級(jí)。

Africa is the second largest continent.

The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.

This is the third most popular song of Michael Jackson.

◇為避免重復(fù)，我們通常用that, those, one, ones代替前面出現(xiàn)的名詞。that代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，those代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。one既可指人又可指物，只能代替可數(shù)名詞。

The weather in China is different from that in America.

The book on the table is more interesting than that(或the one)on the desk.

?????? A box made of steel is stronger than one made of wood.

?????? 誤：In winter, the weather of Beijing is colder than it of Shanghai.

正：In winter, the weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai.

◇“否定詞 + 比較級(jí)”相當(dāng)于最高級(jí)。

----Wait until we get a satisfactory reply, will you?

----I couldn't agree more. The idea sounds great to me.

Nothing is so easy as this. =Nothing is easier than this. =This is the easiest thing.

◇比較級(jí)前一般不加冠詞。但表示兩者中較突出者，且比較級(jí)后又有名詞或出現(xiàn)了of the two，這時(shí)比較級(jí)前一定要加the。

He is the taller of the two.

Of the two jobs，he chose the harder.

Which is the younger one, Lily or Lucy?

試比較：

Which is larger, Canada or Australia?

Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?

She is taller than her two sisters.

She is the taller of the two sisters.

◇不含than 的比較級(jí)前可加不定冠詞修飾，構(gòu)成“a/an+比較級(jí)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示 “一個(gè)更……的人/物”。

Why don’t you use a sharper knife? 你為什么不用一把更鋒利的刀呢?

◇比較級(jí)than 后應(yīng)用人稱代詞的主格，但非正式語(yǔ)體中常用賓格。

He is taller than I/me.

◇為避免重復(fù)，比較級(jí)中同樣的動(dòng)詞用助動(dòng)詞do, does, did替代。

I spend less time doing homework than John does.

She tells more funny jokes than we do.

以下內(nèi)容不是初中教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)，僅供拓展之用。

◇形容詞most前面沒(méi)有the，不表示最高級(jí)的含義，只表示“非常”。

It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem.

◇倍數(shù)表達(dá)法

▲A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.

The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one.

這座新樓是那座舊樓的四倍大(高)/這座新樓比那座舊樓大(高)三倍。

▲A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B.

Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亞洲是歐洲的四倍大/亞洲比歐洲大三倍。

▲A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B.

Your school is three times bigger than ours.你們的學(xué)校比我們的學(xué)校大三倍。

用times表倍數(shù)通常用于三倍以上，兩倍可以用twice或double.