特朗普威脅退出巴黎氣候協(xié)定遭多國(guó)批評(píng)

France and Brazil have joined China in spurning Donald Trump’s threat to pull out of the Paris climate agreement if the Republican candidate wins next week’s US presidential election.

法國(guó)和巴西加入中國(guó)的行列，對(duì)美國(guó)共和黨候選人唐納德•特朗普(Donald Trump)的這一威脅之詞表示了否定——他威脅稱，如果在下周美國(guó)選舉中獲勝，就將讓美國(guó)退出巴黎氣候協(xié)定。

Speaking on the eve of the climate accord coming into force, French environment minister Ségolène Royal told the FT yesterday she would not even “entertain the hypothesis” of a Trump victory because that “gives credibility to the idea”. She dismissed his threat to withdraw from the Paris deal as a campaign tactic, saying: “Maybe he needed more financing from the oil lobby.”

法國(guó)環(huán)境部長(zhǎng)塞戈萊娜•羅亞爾(Ségolène Royal)在巴黎氣候協(xié)定生效前夕發(fā)表了看法。昨日她對(duì)英國(guó)《金融時(shí)報(bào)》表示，她甚至不會(huì)“考慮(特朗普獲勝的)假設(shè)”，因?yàn)槟?ldquo;會(huì)為這個(gè)想法平添可信度”。她認(rèn)為特朗普退出巴黎協(xié)定的威脅無(wú)須理會(huì)，只不過(guò)是一種競(jìng)選手段。她說(shuō)：“也許他需要從石油游說(shuō)集團(tuán)那里獲得更多資金。”

Even if he could legally pull out, “in practice it is impossible because countries have everything to gain from remaining”, she said.

即便他可以合法退出，但“實(shí)際上也是不可能的，因?yàn)楦鲊?guó)留在協(xié)定中將有百利而無(wú)一害，”她說(shuō)。

Separately, José Sarney Filho, Brazil’s environment minister, said yesterday he could not imagine any society abandoning the fight against global warming given how serious the problem was. “I hope Trump doesn’t win,” the minister added. “I believe the American society is a strong society, much stronger than any possible head of state.”

另外，巴西環(huán)境部長(zhǎng)小若澤•薩爾內(nèi)(José Sarney Filho)昨日表示，鑒于全球變暖問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重程度，他無(wú)法想象任何一個(gè)社會(huì)放棄抗擊這一問(wèn)題的努力。“我希望特朗普不要贏，”這位部長(zhǎng)接著說(shuō)，“我相信美國(guó)社會(huì)是一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的社會(huì)，比任何可能的國(guó)家元首都強(qiáng)大得多。”

The comments follow a warning from China’s top climate change negotiator that Mr Trump would be out of step with international trends if he turned his back on the Paris deal, which nearly 200 countries adopted in December 2015.

她說(shuō)這番話之前，中國(guó)氣候變化事務(wù)特別代表解振華警告稱，如果特朗普拋棄近200個(gè)國(guó)家在2015年12月達(dá)成的巴黎協(xié)定，那么他將脫離國(guó)際趨勢(shì)。

“I believe that if he were a wise leader, he should know that all policies should be responsive to the trend of the world’s development,” Xie Zhenhua told journalists in Beijing on Tuesday.

“我相信如果是一個(gè)明智的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，他應(yīng)該知道所有的政策都應(yīng)該順應(yīng)世界發(fā)展的潮流，”解振華周二在北京對(duì)記者們表示。

The remarks reflect nervousness among climate change campaigners about the prospect of Mr Trump defeating Hillary Clinton in Tuesday’s ballot.

這些話表明，氣候變化倡議者們對(duì)于特朗普在下周二的選舉中可能會(huì)戰(zhàn)勝希拉里•克林頓(Hillary Clinton)感到緊張。

The Republican candidate has called global warming a hoax invented by China to make US manufacturers uncompetitive and vowed to “cancel” the Paris accord. He also says he would stop all US payments for UN global warming programmes.

這位共和黨候選人把全球變暖稱為中國(guó)為了削弱美國(guó)生產(chǎn)商的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力而設(shè)下的一場(chǎng)騙局，并發(fā)誓要“廢除”巴黎協(xié)定。他還表示，他將停止美國(guó)對(duì)所有聯(lián)合國(guó)(UN)全球變暖項(xiàng)目的撥款。

No single country can scrap the deal, painstakingly negotiated by nearly all the world’s nations over four years. But Mr Trump could deal the pact a significant blow either by pulling the US out of it or by abandoning measures launched by President Barack Obama to cut reliance on coal and other fossil fuels.

沒(méi)有哪個(gè)國(guó)家能夠單獨(dú)廢掉這項(xiàng)由全球幾乎所有國(guó)家通過(guò)4年艱苦談判達(dá)成的協(xié)定。但是，如果特朗普讓美國(guó)退出該協(xié)定、或者拋棄巴拉克•奧巴馬(Barack Obama)推出的旨在減輕對(duì)煤炭等化石能源依賴程度的措施，那么他可能會(huì)對(duì)該協(xié)定造成沉重的打擊。

The US election falls on the second day of the latest round of UN climate talks, to be held in the Moroccan city of Marrakesh from November 7 to 18.

美國(guó)大選投票日就在最新一輪聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候談判的第二天。該談判將于11月7日至18日在摩洛哥的馬拉喀什市(Marrakesh)舉行。

Delegates are braced for the election outcome to cast a large shadow over the meeting, the first since the conference in Paris that adopted the agreement.

談判代表們做好了選舉結(jié)果給會(huì)議蒙上巨大陰影的準(zhǔn)備。這是在巴黎舉行的那次通過(guò)氣候變化協(xié)定的大會(huì)之后召開(kāi)的第一次會(huì)議。

The prospect of a Trump victory has been cited as one reason why so many countries rushed to ratify or join the Paris accord this year, including the US, China, the EU and India.

特朗普可能獲勝，已被引述為這么多國(guó)家和地區(qū)——包括美國(guó)、中國(guó)、歐盟(EU)和印度——在今年匆忙批準(zhǔn)或加入巴黎協(xié)定的原因之一。

That paved the way for the accord to come into force today, a record speed for an international agreement of this scale.

這為巴黎協(xié)定今日生效鋪平了道路，其速度對(duì)于如此規(guī)模的一項(xiàng)國(guó)際協(xié)定而言創(chuàng)下了紀(jì)錄。

But the UN warned yesterday that the world was still heading for a 2.9C-3.4C rise in temperatures this century, even with the pledges that have been made for the Paris deal, which aims to hold warming to 2C, or 1.5C if possible.

但聯(lián)合國(guó)昨日警告稱，即便巴黎協(xié)定的承諾得到兌現(xiàn)，全球溫度升幅在本世紀(jì)仍將朝著2.9℃至3.4℃邁進(jìn)。巴黎協(xié)定的目標(biāo)，是在本世紀(jì)把全球溫度升幅控制在2℃以內(nèi)——可能的話，控制在1.5℃以內(nèi)。