關于“一帶一路” 習近平主席這樣說
President Xi Jinping delivers a keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the Belt and Road Forum (BRF) for International Cooperation in Beijing, capital of China, May 14, 2017. (Xinhua/Wang Ye)
以下為習近平主席本次演講中的要點梳理：
古絲綢之路寶貴遺產(chǎn)
2000多年前，我們的先輩篳路藍縷，穿越草原沙漠，開辟出聯(lián)通亞歐非的陸上絲綢之路;我們的先輩揚帆遠航，穿越驚濤駭浪，闖蕩出連接東西方的海上絲綢之路。
Over 2,000 years ago, our ancestors, trekking across vast steppes and deserts, opened the transcontinental passage connecting Asia, Europe and Africa, known today as the Silk Road. Our ancestors, navigating rough seas, created sea routes linking the East with the West, namely, the maritime Silk Road.
古絲綢之路綿亙萬里，延續(xù)千年，積淀了以和平合作、開放包容、互學互鑒、互利共贏為核心的絲路精神。
Spanning thousands of miles and years, the ancient silk routes embody the spirit of peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit.
這些開拓事業(yè)之所以名垂青史，是因為使用的不是戰(zhàn)馬和長矛，而是駝隊和善意;依靠的不是堅船和利炮，而是寶船和友誼。
These pioneers won their place in history not as conquerors with warships, guns or swords. Rather, they are remembered as friendly emissaries leading camel caravans and sailing treasure-loaded ships.
面臨的挑戰(zhàn)
和平赤字、發(fā)展赤字、治理赤字，是擺在全人類面前的嚴峻挑戰(zhàn)。
Deficit in peace, development and governance poses a daunting challenge to mankind.
人類社會正處在一個大發(fā)展大變革大調整時代。
Humankind has reached an age of great progress, great transformation and profound changes.
世界經(jīng)濟增長需要新動力，發(fā)展需要更加普惠平衡，貧富差距鴻溝有待彌合。
Global growth requires new drivers, development needs to be more inclusive and balanced, and the gap between the rich and the poor needs to be narrowed
“一帶一路”建設成果
4年來，全球100多個國家和國際組織積極支持和參與“一帶一路”建設，聯(lián)合國大會、聯(lián)合國安理會等重要決議也納入“一帶一路”建設內容。“一帶一路”建設逐漸從理念轉化為行動，從愿景轉變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實，建設成果豐碩。
Four years on, over 100 countries and international organizations have supported and got involved in this initiative. Important resolutions passed by the UN General Assembly and Security Council contain reference to it. Thanks to our efforts, the visions of the Belt and Road Initiative is becoming an reality and bearing rich fruit.
政策溝通不斷深化
Deepened policy connectivity
我們同有關國家協(xié)調政策，包括俄羅斯提出的歐亞經(jīng)濟聯(lián)盟、東盟提出的互聯(lián)互通總體規(guī)劃、哈薩克斯坦提出的“光明之路”、土耳其提出的“中間走廊”、蒙古提出的“發(fā)展之路”、越南提出的“兩廊一圈”、英國提出的“英格蘭北方經(jīng)濟中心”、波蘭提出的“琥珀之路”等。
We have enhanced coordination with the policy initiatives of relevant countries, such as the Eurasian Economic Union of Russia, the Master Plan on ASEAN Connectivity, the Bright Road initiative of Kazakhstan, the Middle Corridor initiative of Turkey, the Development Road initiative of Mongolia, the Two Corridors, One Economic Circle initiative of Vietnam, the Northern Powerhouse initiative of the UK and the Amber Road initiative of Poland.
設施聯(lián)通不斷加強
Enhanced infrastructure connectivity
我們和相關國家一道共同加速推進雅萬高鐵、中老鐵路、亞吉鐵路、匈塞鐵路等項目，建設瓜達爾港、比雷埃夫斯港等港口，規(guī)劃實施一大批互聯(lián)互通項目。
China, in cooperation with relevant countries, has accelerated the building of Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway, China-Laos railway, Addis Ababa-Djibouti railway and Hungary-Serbia railway, and upgraded Gwadar and Piraeus ports. A large number of connectivity projects are also in the pipeline.
目前，以中巴、中蒙俄、新亞歐大陸橋等經(jīng)濟走廊為引領，以陸海空通道和信息高速路為骨架，以鐵路、港口、管網(wǎng)等重大工程為依托，一個復合型的基礎設施網(wǎng)絡正在形成。
A multi-dimensional infrastructure network is taking shape, underpinned by economic corridors such as China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor and the New Eurasian Continental Bridge. The network features land-sea-air transportation routes and information expressway and is supported by major railway, port and pipeline projects.
貿(mào)易暢通不斷提升
Increased trade connectivity
2014年至2016年，中國同“一帶一路”沿線國家貿(mào)易總額超過3萬億美元。中國對“一帶一路”沿線國家投資累計超過500億美元。
Trade between China and other Belt and Road countries exceeded 3 trillion U.S. dollars in the 2014-2016 period, and China's investment in these countries surpassed 50 billion dollars.
中國企業(yè)已經(jīng)在20多個國家建設56個經(jīng)貿(mào)合作區(qū)，為有關國家創(chuàng)造近11億美元稅收和18萬個就業(yè)崗位。
Chinese companies have set up 56 economic cooperation zones in over 20 countries, generating some 1.1 billion dollars of tax revenue and 180,000 jobs for them.
資金融通不斷擴大
Expanded financial connectivity
中國同“一帶一路”建設參與國和組織開展了多種形式的金融合作。亞洲基礎設施投資銀行已經(jīng)為“一帶一路”建設參與國的9個項目提供17億美元貸款。
China has engaged in multiple forms of financial cooperation with countries and organizations involved in the Belt and Road Initiative. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank have provided 1.7 billion dollars of loans for nine projects in Belt and Road countries.
民心相通不斷促進
Strengthened people-to-people bonds
“一帶一路”建設參與國弘揚絲綢之路精神，開展智力絲綢之路、健康絲綢之路等建設，在科學、教育、文化、衛(wèi)生、民間交往等各領域廣泛開展合作，為“一帶一路”建設夯實民意基礎，筑牢社會根基。
Guided by the Silk Road spirit, we the Belt and Road Initiative participating countries have pulled our efforts to build the educational Silk Road and the health Silk Road, and carried out cooperation in science, education, culture, health and people-to-people exchange. Such cooperation has helped lay a solid popular and social foundation for pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative.
“一帶一路”美好愿景
“一帶一路”建設已經(jīng)邁出堅實步伐。我們要乘勢而上、順勢而為，推動“一帶一路”建設行穩(wěn)致遠，邁向更加美好的未來。
A solid first step has been taken in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative. We should build on the sound momentum generated to steer the Belt and Road Initiative toward greater success.
和平之路
Road for peace
要構建以合作共贏為核心的新型國際關系，打造對話不對抗、結伴不結盟的伙伴關系。各國應該尊重彼此主權、尊嚴、領土完整，尊重彼此發(fā)展道路和社會制度，尊重彼此核心利益和重大關切。
We should foster a new type of international relations featuring win-win cooperation, and we should forge partnerships of dialogue with no confrontation and of friendship rather than alliance. All countries should respect each other's sovereignty, dignity and territorial integrity, each other's development paths and social systems, and each other's core interests and major concerns.
要樹立共同、綜合、合作、可持續(xù)的安全觀，營造共建共享的安全格局。要著力化解熱點，堅持政治解決;要著力斡旋調解，堅持公道正義;要著力推進反恐，標本兼治，消除貧困落后和社會不公。
We should foster the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, and create a security environment built and shared by all. We should work to resolve hotspot issues through political means, and promote mediation in the spirit of justice. We should intensify counter-terrorism efforts, address both its symptoms and root causes, and strive to eradicate poverty, backwardness and social injustice.
繁榮之路
Road of prosperity
我們要深入開展產(chǎn)業(yè)合作，推動各國產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展規(guī)劃相互兼容、相互促進，抓好大項目建設，加強國際產(chǎn)能和裝備制造合作，抓住新工業(yè)革命的發(fā)展新機遇，培育新業(yè)態(tài)，保持經(jīng)濟增長活力
We should deepen industrial cooperation so that industrial development plans of different countries will complement and reinforce each other. Focus should be put on launching major projects. We should strengthen international cooperation on production capacity and equipment manufacturing, and seize new development opportunities presented by the new industrial revolution to foster new businesses and maintain dynamic growth.
我們要建立穩(wěn)定、可持續(xù)、風險可控的金融保障體系，創(chuàng)新投資和融資模式，推廣政府和社會資本合作，建設多元化融資體系和多層次資本市場，發(fā)展普惠金融，完善金融服務網(wǎng)絡。
We should establish a stable and sustainable financial safeguard system that keeps risks under control, create new models of investment and financing, encourage greater cooperation between government and private capital and build a diversified financing system and a multi-tiered capital market. We should also develop inclusive finance and improve financial services networks.
我們要著力推動陸上、海上、天上、網(wǎng)上四位一體的聯(lián)通，聚焦關鍵通道、關鍵城市、關鍵項目，聯(lián)結陸上公路、鐵路道路網(wǎng)絡和海上港口網(wǎng)絡。
We should promote land, maritime, air and cyberspace connectivity, concentrate our efforts on key passageways, cities and projects and connect networks of highways, railways and sea ports.
要抓住新一輪能源結構調整和能源技術變革趨勢，建設全球能源互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，實現(xiàn)綠色低碳發(fā)展。要完善跨區(qū)域物流網(wǎng)建設。我們也要促進政策、規(guī)則、標準三位一體的聯(lián)通，為互聯(lián)互通提供機制保障。
We need to seize opportunities presented by the new round of change in energy mix and the revolution in energy technologies to develop global energy interconnection and achieve green and low-carbon development. We should improve trans-regional logistics network and promote connectivity of policies, rules and standards so as to provide institutional safeguards for enhancing connectivity.
開放之路
Road of opening up
要打造開放型合作平臺，維護和發(fā)展開放型世界經(jīng)濟，共同創(chuàng)造有利于開放發(fā)展的環(huán)境，推動構建公正、合理、透明的國際經(jīng)貿(mào)投資規(guī)則體系。
We should build an open platform of cooperation and uphold and grow an open world economy. We should jointly create an environment that will facilitate opening up and development, establish a fair, equitable and transparent system of international trade and investment rules.
要維護多邊貿(mào)易體制，推動自由貿(mào)易區(qū)建設，促進貿(mào)易和投資自由化便利化，著力解決發(fā)展失衡、治理困境、數(shù)字鴻溝、分配差距等問題，建設開放、包容、普惠、平衡、共贏的經(jīng)濟全球化。
We should uphold the multilateral trading regime, advance the building of free trade areas and promote liberalization and facilitation of trade and investment. We should also focus on resolving issues such as imbalances in development, difficulties in governance, digital divide and income disparity and make economic globalization open, inclusive, balanced and beneficial to all.
創(chuàng)新之路
Road of innovation
我們要堅持創(chuàng)新驅動發(fā)展，加強在數(shù)字經(jīng)濟、人工智能、納米技術、量子計算機等前沿領域合作，推動大數(shù)據(jù)、云計算、智慧城市建設，連接成21世紀的數(shù)字絲綢之路。
We should pursue innovation-driven development and intensify cooperation in frontier areas such as digital economy, artificial intelligence, nanotechnology and quantum computing, and advance the development of big data, cloud computing and smart cities so as to turn them into a digital silk road of the 21st century.
我們要促進科技同產(chǎn)業(yè)、科技同金融深度融合，優(yōu)化創(chuàng)新環(huán)境，集聚創(chuàng)新資源。我們要為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的各國青年打造創(chuàng)業(yè)空間、創(chuàng)業(yè)工場，成就未來一代的青春夢想。
We should spur the full integration of science and technology into industries and finance, improve the environment for innovation and pool resources for innovation. We should create space and build workshops for young people of various countries to cultivate entrepreneurship in this age of the Internet and help realize their dreams.
文明之路
Road connecting different civilizations
要以文明交流超越文明隔閡、文明互鑒超越文明沖突、文明共存超越文明優(yōu)越，推動各國相互理解、相互尊重、相互信任。
We should ensure that when it comes to different civilizations, exchange will replace estrangement, mutual learning will replace clashes, and coexistence will replace a sense of superiority. This will boost mutual understanding, mutual respect and mutual trust among different countries.
我們要建立多層次人文合作機制，搭建更多合作平臺，開辟更多合作渠道。要推動教育合作，擴大互派留學生規(guī)模，提升合作辦學水平。
We should establish a multi-tiered mechanism for cultural and people-to-people exchanges, build more cooperation platforms and open more cooperation channels. Educational cooperation should be boosted, more exchange students should be encouraged and the performance of cooperatively run schools should be enhanced.
要用好歷史文化遺產(chǎn)，聯(lián)合打造具有絲綢之路特色的旅游產(chǎn)品和遺產(chǎn)保護。
Historical and cultural heritage should be fully tapped to jointly develop tourist products and protect heritage in ways that preserve the distinctive features of the Silk Road.
我們要加強國際反腐合作，讓“一帶一路”成為廉潔之路。
We should strengthen international counter-corruption cooperation so that the Belt and Road will be a road with high ethical standards.
為“一帶一路”注入新動力
我們將深入貫徹創(chuàng)新、協(xié)調、綠色、開放、共享的發(fā)展理念，不斷適應、把握、引領經(jīng)濟發(fā)展新常態(tài)，積極推進供給側結構性改革，實現(xiàn)持續(xù)發(fā)展，為“一帶一路”注入強大動力，為世界發(fā)展帶來新的機遇。
Guided by the vision of innovative, coordinated, green, open and inclusive development, we will adapt to and steer the new normal of economic development and seize opportunities it presents. We will actively promote supply-side structural reform to achieve sustainable development, inject strong impetus into the Belt and Road Initiative and create new opportunities for global development.
中國將向絲路基金新增資金1000億元人民幣，鼓勵金融機構開展人民幣海外基金業(yè)務，規(guī)模預計約3000億元人民幣。
China will contribute an additional 100 billion yuan (about $14.5 billion) to the Silk Road Fund. China encourages financial institutions to conduct overseas RMB fund business with an estimated amount of 300 billion yuan (about $43.5 billion).
中國將向參與“一帶一路”建設的發(fā)展中國家和國際組織提供600億元人民幣援助，建設更多民生項目。
China will provide assistance worth 60 billion yuan ($8.7 billion) to developing countries and international organizations participating in the Belt and Road Initiative to launch more projects to improve people's well-being.
我們將在未來5年內安排2500人次青年科學家來華從事短期科研工作，培訓5000人次科學技術和管理人員，投入運行50家聯(lián)合實驗室。
In the next five years, China will offer young foreign scientists 2,500 short-term research visits to China and train 5,000 foreign scientists, engineers and managers. China will set up 50 joint laboratories with countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative.
我們將設立生態(tài)環(huán)保大數(shù)據(jù)服務平臺，倡議建立“一帶一路”綠色發(fā)展國際聯(lián)盟，并為相關國家應對氣候變化提供援助。
China will set up a big data service platform on ecological and environmental protection, and propose the establishment of an international coalition for green development on the Belt and Road and will provide support to related countries in adapting to climate change.
【論述回顧】
自2013年提出“一帶一路”倡議以來，習近平主席曾在多個場合對該倡議做過闡述。小編帶大家簡要回顧一下。
“親望親好、鄰望鄰好”。中國堅持與鄰為善、與鄰為伴，堅持睦鄰、安鄰、富鄰，踐行親、誠、惠、容理念，努力使自身發(fā)展更好惠及亞洲國家。中國將同各國一道，加快推進絲綢之路經(jīng)濟帶和21世紀海上絲綢之路建設，盡早啟動亞洲基礎設施投資銀行，更加深入?yún)⑴c區(qū)域合作進程，推動亞洲發(fā)展和安全相互促進、相得益彰。
"Neighbors wish each other well, just like family members do to each other." China always pursues friendship and partnership with its neighbors, and seeks to bring amity, security and common prosperity to its neighborhood. It practices the principles of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness and works hard to make its development bring more benefits to countries in Asia. China will work with other countries to speed up the development of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, and hopes that the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank could be launched at an early date. China will get more deeply involved in the regional cooperation process, and play its due part to ensure that development and security in Asia facilitate each other and are mutually reinforcing.
——2014年5月21日，習近平主席在亞信峰會上的主旨發(fā)言
“一帶一路”建設秉持的是共商、共建、共享原則，不是封閉的，而是開放包容的;不是中國一家的獨奏，而是沿線國家的合唱。“一帶一路”建設不是要替代現(xiàn)有地區(qū)合作機制和倡議，而是要在已有基礎上，推動沿線國家實現(xiàn)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略相互對接、優(yōu)勢互補。
In promoting the Belt and Road Initiative, China will follow the principle of wide consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits. The programs of development will be open and inclusive, not exclusive. They will be a real chorus comprising all countries along the routes, not a solo for China itself. To develop the Belt and Road is not to replace existing mechanisms or initiatives for regional cooperation. Much to the contrary, we will build on the existing basis to help countries align their development strategies and form complementarity.
“一帶一路”建設不是空洞的口號，而是看得見、摸得著的實際舉措，將給地區(qū)國家?guī)韺崒嵲谠诘睦妗Ｔ谟嘘P各方共同努力下，“一帶一路”建設的愿景與行動文件已經(jīng)制定，亞洲基礎設施投資銀行籌建工作邁出實質性步伐，絲路基金已經(jīng)順利啟動，一批基礎設施互聯(lián)互通項目已在穩(wěn)步推進。
The Belt and Road Initiative is not meant as rhetoric. It represents real work that could be seen and felt to bring real benefits to countries in the region. Thanks to the concerted efforts of relevant parties, the vision and action paper of the initiative has been developed. Substantive progress has been made in the establishment of the AIIB. The Silk Road Fund has been launched, and constructions of a number of infrastructure connectivity projects are moving forward.
——2015年3月28日，習近平主席在博鰲亞洲論壇2015年年會開幕式的主旨演講
兩年前，我在訪問中亞和東南亞時，提出建設“一帶一路”的設想。這是發(fā)展的倡議、合作的倡議、開放的倡議，強調的是共商、共建、共享的平等互利方式。
Two years ago, during my visit to Central Asia and Southeast Asia, I put forward the initiative of building the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. The Belt and Road Initiative, as it is now called, is about openness, development and cooperation, and it calls for pursuing joint development and sharing benefits on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.
——2015年11月7日，習近平主席在新加坡國立大學發(fā)表題為《深化合作伙伴關系 共建亞洲美好家園》的重要演講
中國開放的大門永遠不會關上，歡迎各國搭乘中國發(fā)展的“順風車”。中國愿意同各方一道，推動亞投行早日投入運營、發(fā)揮作用，為發(fā)展中國家經(jīng)濟增長和民生改善貢獻力量。我們將繼續(xù)歡迎包括亞投行在內的新老國際金融機構共同參與“一帶一路”建設。
The door of China's opening up will never shut and China welcomes all countries to ride on its development. China stands ready to work with other parties to make sure that the AIIB will start to operate and play its due role as soon as possible and contribute to economic growth and better livelihood in developing countries. And China continues to welcome AIIB and other international financial institutions to take part in the building of the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road.
——2016年1月16日，習近平主席在亞洲基礎設施投資銀行開業(yè)儀式上的致辭
中國的發(fā)展得益于國際社會，也愿為國際社會提供更多公共產(chǎn)品。我提出“一帶一路”倡議，旨在同沿線各國分享中國發(fā)展機遇，實現(xiàn)共同繁榮。絲綢之路經(jīng)濟帶一系列重點項目和經(jīng)濟走廊建設已經(jīng)取得重要進展，21世紀海上絲綢之路建設正在同步推進。
China's development has benefited from the international community, and we are ready to provide more public goods to the international community. I have proposed the initiative of building the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road to share China's development opportunities with countries along the Belt and Road and achieve common prosperity. Major progress has been made in launching key projects and building the economic corridors of the Silk Road Economic Belt, and the building of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road is well underway.
——2016年9月3日，習近平主席在二十國集團工商峰會開幕式上的主旨演講
我提出“一帶一路”倡議，就是要實現(xiàn)共贏共享發(fā)展。中國打造伙伴關系的決心不會改變。中國堅持獨立自主的和平外交政策，在和平共處五項原則基礎上同所有國家發(fā)展友好合作。中國率先把建立伙伴關系確定為國家間交往的指導原則，同90多個國家和區(qū)域組織建立了不同形式的伙伴關系。中國將進一步聯(lián)結遍布全球的“朋友圈”。
The Belt and Road Initiative I put forward aims to achieve win-win and shared development. China remains unchanged in its commitment to foster partnerships. China pursues an independent foreign policy of peace, and is ready to enhance friendship and cooperation with all other countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. China is the first country to make partnership-building a principle guiding state-to-state relations. It has formed partnerships of various forms with over 90 countries and regional organizations, and will build a circle of friends across the world.
——2017年1月18日，習近平主席在日內瓦出席“共商共筑人類命運共同體”高級別會議，并發(fā)表主旨演講
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