王毅：中國(guó)將對(duì)貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)做出“必要反應(yīng)”

China’s foreign minister Wang Yi promised “a justified and necessary response” in any trade war, as Donald Trump said he would make Beijing reduce its huge trade imbalance with the US. 中國(guó)外長(zhǎng)王毅承諾，只要發(fā)生貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)，中方必將做出“正當(dāng)和必要的反應(yīng)”。唐納德•特朗普(Donald Trump)此前表示，他將迫使中國(guó)減少巨額的對(duì)美貿(mào)易失衡。

The White House has announced plans for a 25 per cent tariff on steel imports, and a 10 per cent aluminium tariff, neither of which are expected to hit China hard, according to economists. 美國(guó)白宮公布了關(guān)稅方案，將對(duì)鋼鐵進(jìn)口征稅25%，對(duì)鋁進(jìn)口征稅10%。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家稱，預(yù)計(jì)這兩者都不會(huì)對(duì)中國(guó)產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重沖擊。

But the Trump administration is also expected to roll out a further series of tariffs, investment restrictions and other actions aimed directly at China when it concludes an investigation launched last year into Beijing’s intellectual property practices. 但是，當(dāng)特朗普政府結(jié)束去年發(fā)起的一項(xiàng)針對(duì)中國(guó)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)慣例的調(diào)查時(shí)，預(yù)計(jì)還將推出更多直接針對(duì)中國(guó)的關(guān)稅、投資限制和其他行動(dòng)。

Beijing has warned that cascading trade protectionism risks hurting the global economy, and ultimately the US as well. “A trade war is never the right solution,” Mr Wang said on Thursday, addressing a press conference during the annual session of the National People’s Congress, China’s rubber-stamp legislature. 中國(guó)政府警告稱，不斷加劇的貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義可能會(huì)損害全球經(jīng)濟(jì)，最終也會(huì)危及美國(guó)。周四，王毅在中國(guó)的橡皮圖章式立法機(jī)構(gòu)全國(guó)人大(NPC)的年度會(huì)議上發(fā)言稱，“打貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)從來(lái)都不是解決問(wèn)題的正確途徑。”

“The outcome will only be harmful to everyone,” he added. “結(jié)果只會(huì)損人害己，”他接著說(shuō)。

Mr Wang appeared to be responding to a series of Twitter messages over several days by Mr Trump that seemed to advocate a trade war. He tweeted that “trade wars are good, and easy to win” on March 2. 王毅看來(lái)是在對(duì)幾天以來(lái)特朗普在Twitter上的一系列發(fā)言做出回應(yīng)。特朗普的Twitter言論似乎是在鼓吹貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)。3月2日，特朗普發(fā)推文稱，“貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)是好事，贏得貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)很容易”。

Meanwhile on Wednesday, Mr Trump said he had asked Beijing to reduce its $375.2bn goods trade surplus with Washington by $1bn. 與此同時(shí)，特朗普于周三表示，他已要求中國(guó)政府把3752億美元的對(duì)美商品貿(mào)易順差減少10億美元。

Li Cui, an economist at CCB International, said the immediate impact of the already announced tariff hikes on steel and aluminium will be small in China: steel and aluminium account for 3 per cent of China’s total exports, and exports have been less important in recent years as a main driver of growth. “Thus the economy-wide impact is limited,” she said. 建銀國(guó)際(CCB International)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家崔歷表示，美國(guó)已公布的提高鋼鐵和鋁關(guān)稅的措施對(duì)中國(guó)的影響將是很小的：鋼鐵和鋁僅占中國(guó)出口總量的3%，而作為增長(zhǎng)主要推動(dòng)因素之一的出口，近年來(lái)已變得越來(lái)越不重要。“因此，這對(duì)于中國(guó)整體經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響是有限的，”她說(shuō)。

Steel exports last year accounted for only 7 per cent of China’s domestic production, and the US is not a key export market. The impact on aluminium makers is likely to be larger, given the higher — about 15 per cent — US export share, Ms Li said. 去年，中國(guó)對(duì)美鋼鐵出口僅占國(guó)內(nèi)產(chǎn)量的7%，而美國(guó)并不是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的出口市場(chǎng)。崔歷表示，對(duì)鋁生產(chǎn)商的影響可能會(huì)更大，因?yàn)橹袊?guó)對(duì)美鋁出口占國(guó)內(nèi)產(chǎn)量的比例更高，約為15%。

Meanwhile, amid signs of pushback in Washington, the Trump administration showed signs of softening its plans for sweeping new tariffs on steel and aluminium as White House officials raised the possibility that Canada, Mexico and other countries could be excluded. The shift in tone came a day after the resignation of free-trader Gary Cohn as Donald Trump’s top economic adviser. 譯者/何黎