中國(guó)研究人員首次實(shí)現(xiàn)陶瓷4D打印

Chinese researchers have developed the world's first-ever 4D printing for ceramics that are mechanically robust and can have complex shapes, offering broad potential applications in telecommunications, electronics and even space exploration.

中國(guó)研究人員已經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)出世界上首項(xiàng)4D陶瓷打印技術(shù)，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)使陶瓷性能堅(jiān)固且形狀復(fù)雜，在電信、電子甚至太空探索領(lǐng)域中具有廣泛的應(yīng)用潛力。

Researchers at City University of Hong Kong reported in a study published last Friday in the journal Science Advances a novel "ceramic ink," a mixture of polymers and ceramic nanoparticles.

香港城市大學(xué)的研究人員在上周五發(fā)表在《科學(xué)進(jìn)展》雜志上的一項(xiàng)研究中報(bào)道了一種新穎的“陶瓷油墨”，這是一種聚合物和陶瓷納米顆粒的混合物。

The 3D-printed ceramic precursors printed with this novel ink are soft and can be stretched three times beyond their initial length, according to the study.

該研究顯示，用這種新型油墨打印的3D打印陶瓷前體很柔軟，并且可以拉伸超過(guò)其初始長(zhǎng)度的三倍。

These flexible and stretchable ceramic precursors allow complex shapes, such as origamifolding. With proper heat treatment, ceramics with complex shapes can be made, making them the 4D ceramics.

這些柔韌且可拉伸的陶瓷前體可變換復(fù)雜的形狀，例如折紙樣式。通過(guò)適當(dāng)?shù)臒崽幚?，可以制造出形狀?fù)雜的陶瓷，使其成為4D陶瓷。

4D printing is conventional 3D printing combined with the additional element of time as the fourth dimension, where the printed objects can re-shape or self-assemble themselves overtime with external stimuli, such as mechanical force, temperature, or a magnetic field.

4D打印是傳統(tǒng)的3D打印與第四維度附加元素時(shí)間的結(jié)合體。其中打印物體可以隨著時(shí)間的推移，在外部刺激下(例如機(jī)械力，溫度或磁場(chǎng))重塑或自組。

The existing 3D-printed ceramic precursors, which are usually difficult to deform, also hinder the 4D printing of ceramics with complex shapes.

現(xiàn)有的3D打印陶瓷前體通常難以變形，也妨礙了具有復(fù)雜形狀的陶瓷的4D打印。

The researchers led by Lv Jian, chair professor of mechanical engineering, made use of the elastic energy stored in the stretched precursors for shape morphing.

機(jī)械工程系主任呂堅(jiān)帶領(lǐng)研究人員利用儲(chǔ)存在拉伸前體中的彈性能量來(lái)改變陶瓷的形狀。

When the stretched ceramic precursors are released, they undergo self-reshaping and after heat treatment, the precursors turn into ceramics.

當(dāng)拉伸的陶瓷前體被釋放時(shí)，它們會(huì)經(jīng)歷自行重塑并且在熱處理之后，前體會(huì)變成陶瓷。

The resultant elastomer-derived ceramics are mechanically robust. They can have a high compressive strength-to-density ratio and can come in large sizes with high strength compared to other printed ceramics.

得到的彈性體衍生的陶瓷具有堅(jiān)固的機(jī)械性能。它們具有很高的耐壓強(qiáng)度與密度比，并且與其他打印陶瓷相比可以具有很大的抗壓尺寸。

With the versatile shape-morphing capability of the printed ceramic precursors, its application can be huge, said Lv.

呂堅(jiān)表示，4D打印陶瓷前體的多形狀變形能力使得其應(yīng)用范圍將非常廣泛。