睡眠缺乏對(duì)你的大腦、DNA和社交生活都有害

Skipping sleep is bad for your brain, your DNA and your social life

睡眠缺乏對(duì)你的大腦、DNA和社交生活都有害

We all know that missing sleep doesn't feel good. It makes you less able to think clearly, focus well and makes most people feel more moody. But a lack of sleep can do more than that. It can add an inch to your waistline, and it could also cause a little bit of damage to your brain.

我們都知道不睡覺(jué)讓人感覺(jué)很不好，它讓你無(wú)法清晰地思考，不能集中注意力，而且會(huì)使大部分人情緒低落。但是，缺乏睡眠并不僅僅會(huì)這樣，還會(huì)讓你腰圍更寬，甚至還會(huì)對(duì)大腦產(chǎn)生一定的損傷。

It can damage your DNA

它會(huì)破壞你的DNA

For many people, lack of sleep is par for the course due to their job. A team from the University of HongKong studied 49 doctors — half of whom worked overnight shifts — to determine if sleeping less had any effect on DNA. The results showed that the overnight doctors had more DNA breaks and less DNA repair gene expression.Researchers said DNA damage may be linked to an increased risk for cancer and cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases.

對(duì)許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，因?yàn)樗麄兊墓ぷ鞫鴮?dǎo)致缺乏睡眠是很常見(jiàn)的。香港大學(xué)的一個(gè)研究小組對(duì)49名醫(yī)生進(jìn)行了研究(其中一半醫(yī)生在夜間輪班工作)，以確定睡眠不足對(duì)DNA是否有影響。結(jié)果顯示夜間工作的醫(yī)生DNA損傷較多，修復(fù)基因較少。研究人員說(shuō)，DNA損傷可能會(huì)增加患癌癥和心血管疾病、代謝和神經(jīng)組織退化疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

It can affect your workday

它會(huì)影響你的日常工作

You might need a few extra cups of coffee to feel perky on the job after a restless night. But researchers say it doesn't take much sleep loss to make your job performance falter.

一夜無(wú)眠之后，你可能需要多喝幾杯咖啡才能在工作中感到精力充沛。但是研究人員說(shuō)，不需要太多睡眠缺失，你的工作就會(huì)受到影響。

It can impact how you eat

它會(huì)影響你的飲食方式

Skipping sleep also may be related to poor nutrition. A 2019 study finds that people who get fewer than the recommended seven hours of sleep per night get lower amounts of key nutrients including vitamins A, D, and B1, as well as magnesium, calcium, zinc and phosphorus.

睡眠缺乏還與營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良有關(guān)系。2019年一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些平均每天睡眠時(shí)間少于7小時(shí)的人得到的主要營(yíng)養(yǎng)較少，包括維生素A、D、B1和鎂、鈣、鋅、磷等微量元素。

"Our findings suggest that individuals with short sleep duration might benefit from improving their intake of these nutrients through diet," said the lead study author Chioma Ikonte, in a statement.

“我們的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，睡眠持續(xù)時(shí)間較短的人可以通過(guò)飲食增加這些營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素的攝入。”該研究的主要作者基馬伊孔特在一份聲明中說(shuō)。

It can drive away your loved ones

它會(huì)趕走你身邊的人

We've all had those days when we didn't get enough sleep and felt grumpy all day long. According to a study from the University of California, losing sleep can affect your relationship with others.

我們都有過(guò)這樣的時(shí)候，睡眠不足導(dǎo)致一整天脾氣較差。加利福尼亞大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)研究表明，缺乏睡眠會(huì)影響我們與他人的關(guān)系。

How sleep deprivation disrupts brain activity

缺乏睡眠是怎樣影響大腦活動(dòng)的

A small study in 2017 looked at the cause of those sleep loss-induced mental lapses. Researchers found that sleep deprivation disrupts brain cells' ability to communicate with each other. The researchers believe that disruption leads to temporary mental lapses that affect memory and visual perception.

2017年的一項(xiàng)小型研究著眼于睡眠不足導(dǎo)致的智力衰退的原因。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，睡眠不足會(huì)破壞腦細(xì)胞之間的交流能力。研究人員認(rèn)為，大腦混亂會(huì)導(dǎo)致暫時(shí)性的精神失誤，影響記憶和視覺(jué)感知。