罕見(jiàn)的暢銷(xiāo)文學(xué)評(píng)論家哈羅德·布魯姆逝世，享年89歲

罕見(jiàn)的暢銷(xiāo)文學(xué)評(píng)論家哈羅德·布魯姆逝世，享年89歲

Harold Bloom was a rarity: a best-selling and widely known literary critic. Affectionately dubbed the "King Kong" of criticism, Bloom died Monday at the age of 89, at a hospital in New Haven, Conn., according to his wife.

哈羅德·布魯姆是罕見(jiàn)的:他是一位暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)作家和廣為人知的文學(xué)評(píng)論家。布魯姆被親切地稱(chēng)為批評(píng)界的“金剛”。據(jù)他的妻子說(shuō)，布魯姆周一在康涅狄格州紐黑文的一家醫(yī)院去世，享年89歲。

Over a redoubtable career, Bloom wrote scores of books, edited hundreds more and irritated innumerable intellectuals by arguing, for example, for the superiority of Western literary traditions.

在其令人敬畏的職業(yè)生涯中，布魯姆寫(xiě)了幾十本書(shū)，編輯了數(shù)百本書(shū)，并因爭(zhēng)辯西方文學(xué)傳統(tǒng)的優(yōu)越性而激怒了無(wú)數(shù)知識(shí)分子。

Bloom was born in the Bronx, N.Y., to a Yiddish-speaking family that had emigrated from Eastern Europe. His father was a garment worker, and Bloom did not hear English spoken until the age of 6.

布魯姆出生在紐約州的布朗克斯，他們是一個(gè)說(shuō)依地語(yǔ)的家庭，這個(gè)家庭是從東歐移民過(guò)來(lái)的。他的父親是一名服裝工人，布魯姆直到6歲才聽(tīng)到有人說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。

Educated first at Cornell University and then at Yale University — which at the time still maintained an informal Jewish quota — Bloom quickly established himself as a brilliant student. Yale would become Bloom's intellectual home for more than five decades.

布魯姆先后在康奈爾大學(xué)和耶魯大學(xué)接受教育——當(dāng)時(shí)耶魯大學(xué)仍保留著非正式的猶太人配額——他很快成為一名出色的學(xué)生。50多年來(lái)，耶魯一直是布魯姆的學(xué)術(shù)中心。

He taught classes there up until the week before his death, and his lectures on William Shakespeare drew throngs of enthusiastic undergraduates and a not-insubstantial following online.

直到去世前一周，他都在那里授課。他關(guān)于威廉·莎士比亞的講座吸引了大批熱情的本科生，網(wǎng)上也有不少追隨者。

Bloom had a photographic memory, and claimed he could recite all of Shakespeare, all of John Milton's "Paradise Lost" and copious swaths of British Romantic poetry.

布魯姆有過(guò)目不忘的能力，他聲稱(chēng)自己能背誦莎士比亞全集、彌爾頓的《失樂(lè)園》全集以及大量英國(guó)浪漫主義詩(shī)歌。

"To a rather considerable extent," Bloom told The Atlantic magazine in 2003, "literary studies have been replaced by that incredible absurdity called cultural studies which, as far as I can tell, are neither cultural nor are they studies."

布魯姆在2003年接受《大西洋月刊》采訪時(shí)說(shuō):“在相當(dāng)大的程度上，文學(xué)研究已經(jīng)被一種叫文化研究的荒謬絕倫的東西所取代。就我所知，這種東西既不是文化，也不是研究。”

But Bloom also championed various minority and female scholars, authors and theater directors. He once proclaimed Ursula K. Le Guin a greater writer than J.R.R. Tolkien and suggested, in his 1990 bestseller, The Book of J, that much of the Hebrew Bible may have been written by a woman.

但布魯姆也支持各種少數(shù)族裔和女性學(xué)者、作家和戲劇導(dǎo)演。他曾宣稱(chēng)厄休拉·k·勒奎恩是一位比J.R.R.托爾金更偉大的作家，并在其1990年的暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)《J書(shū)》中指出，《希伯來(lái)圣》的大部分內(nèi)容可能是由一個(gè)女人寫(xiě)的。

In 2004, writer Naomi Wolf accused Bloom of putting his hand on her thigh when she was a student of his. He vigorously denied her accusation.

2004年，作家娜奧米·沃爾夫指責(zé)布魯姆在她還是他學(xué)生時(shí)把手放在她的大腿上。他極力否認(rèn)她的指控。

In spite of a lifetime of laurels and unusually lucrative book contracts for an academic, Bloom seemed resigned to his reputation as past his prime.

盡管一生都享有榮譽(yù)，并與一位學(xué)者簽下了異常豐厚的出書(shū)合同，但布魯姆似乎對(duì)自己已過(guò)盛年的名聲無(wú)可非議。