管理學(xué)大師柯維去世

Stephen R. Covey, Herald of Good Habits, Dies at 79

管理學(xué)大師柯維去世

Stephen R. Covey, who won a global following and a five-year run on best-seller lists by fusing the genres of self-help and business literature in his 1989 book “The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People: Restoring the Character Ethic,” died on Monday at a hospital in Idaho Falls, Idaho. He was 79.

史蒂芬·R·柯維(Stephen R. Covey)已經(jīng)贏得了遍及天下的追隨者。自1989年開始，他那本把自助類圖書和商業(yè)文學(xué)融為一體的《高效人士的七種習(xí)慣：性格倫理的回歸》(The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People: Restoring the Character Ethic)在各大暢銷書榜上呆了五年時(shí)間。周一(本文發(fā)表于7月16日——編注)，柯維先生逝世于美國愛達(dá)荷州愛達(dá)荷福爾斯的一家醫(yī)院，享年79歲。

The cause was complications of a bicycle accident three months ago, his family said in a statement.

他的家人在一份聲明中說，他死于三個月前一場自行車事故引起的并發(fā)癥。

Mr. Covey’s book sold more than 25 million copies worldwide, and also became the first audiobook to sell more than a million copies. After conferring with Mr. Covey over Thanksgiving in 1994, President Bill Clinton said American productivity would greatly increase if people followed Mr. Covey’s advice. More than two-thirds of Fortune 500 companies flocked to use a consulting company he had founded.

柯維先生的書在全球售出了2500萬冊，也是史上第一本銷售量超過100萬的有聲書籍的作者。1994年感恩節(jié)，時(shí)任美國總統(tǒng)的比爾·克林頓與柯維先生進(jìn)行了一次會談，事后克林頓說，如果大家都聽從柯維先生的建議，美國的生產(chǎn)率將會大幅度提高。超過三分之二的全球財(cái)富500強(qiáng)企業(yè)都在爭相使用他所創(chuàng)辦的咨詢公司提供的服務(wù)。

Mr. Covey was a bit baffled by his success. He said he was simply telling people what he thought they already knew: the efficacy of good behavior. All that people had to do was form habits out of their best instincts, he said, calling his seven nuggets of knowledge natural laws, like gravity. They are:

柯維先生對自己的成功有點(diǎn)迷惑不解。他說，自己只是告訴人們一些他覺得大家都已經(jīng)知道的東西：好習(xí)慣的益處。他說，人們所需要做的就是把最好的天性養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣，他把自己的7個想法稱之為萬有引力一般的自然法則。這七個想法是：

1. Be proactive

1，主動積極

2. Begin with the end in mind

2，以終為始

3. Put first things first

3，要事第一

4. Think “win-win.”

4，雙贏思維

5. Seek first to understand, then to be understood

5，知己知彼

6. Synergize

6，統(tǒng)合綜效

7. Sharpen the saw; that is, undergo frequent self-renewal.

7，不斷更新

“We believe that organizational behavior is individual behavior collectivized,” Mr. Covey said. He expanded the lesson in 2004 in “The 8th Habit: From Effectiveness to Greatness,” in which he urges people to find their own distinctive voices and to encourage others to find theirs.

“我們相信組織行為就是個人行為的集體化，”柯維先生說。2004年，他把自己的思想完善為《第八種習(xí)慣：從高效到卓越》(The 8th Habit: From Effectiveness to Greatness)，在這本書里面，他敦促人們?nèi)グl(fā)現(xiàn)自己的獨(dú)特聲音，然后再去鼓勵其他人這樣做。

Among his other books, “Seven Habits for Highly Effective Families,” published in 1997, advocates that families come up with mission statements. “The Leader in Me,” published in 2008, embodies his ideas for educational reform. His goal was to change society, he said, calling his catechism first and foremost an action plan. “What is common sense isn’t common practice,” he declared.

他的作品還包括：1997年的《高效家庭的七個習(xí)慣》(Seven Habits for Highly Effective Families)，書里倡導(dǎo)每個家庭都應(yīng)該想出使命宣言。2008年的《我是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)》(Leader in Me)，這本書詳細(xì)描述了他的教育改革思路。柯維先生說他的目標(biāo)是改變社會，把他的教義問答稱之為首要的行動方案。“常識并非慣例。”他如是說。

Mr. Covey was a Mormon, and some saw large elements of Mormon theology in his work, though his language was ecumenical. He denied any Mormon bias in his books, saying he drew inspiration from the Scriptures and from history’s great thinkers.

柯維先生是摩門教教徒，雖然他的語言是大眾化的，但仍有人在他的作品中看到了大量的摩門教思想。柯維先生否認(rèn)他的書中存在任何摩門教的偏見，他宣稱自己是從宗教經(jīng)典和歷史上最偉大的思想家那里獲得靈感的。

In 1996, Time magazine named Mr. Covey one of the 25 most influential Americans, and Forbes called “Seven Habits” one of the top 10 business management books ever. As speaker of the House, Newt Gingrich drew on Mr. Covey’s advice and asked him to help write a chapter on personal strength in American culture for a student reading in a college course Mr. Gingrich taught.

1996年，《時(shí)代周刊》雜志將柯維先生評為最有影響力的25名美國人之一，《福布斯》把“第七種習(xí)慣”稱作有史以來十佳商業(yè)管理書籍之一。美國眾議院發(fā)言人紐特·金里奇聽取了柯維先生的意見，并請柯維幫忙為一名選了自己課程的大學(xué)生寫一篇關(guān)于美國文化中個人實(shí)力的文章。

“Seven Habits” became part of the vernacular. Campaigning in the Iowa Republican primary last year, Mitt Romney referred to the book in offering his “seven habits for highly successful economies.” Parodies have cropped up. One, published in 1996, was titled “The 7 Habits of Highly Defective People: And Other Bestsellers That Won’t Go Away.”

“七個習(xí)慣”已成為大家的口頭禪，米特·羅姆尼(Mitt Romney)在去年的艾奧瓦州共和黨初選競選活動中提到了這本書，他說的是“非常成功的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動中的七個習(xí)慣”。拙劣的模仿之作不斷出現(xiàn)。其中的一本于1996年出版，書名叫做《有重大缺陷人士的七種習(xí)慣：不會消失的其他暢銷書》。

Stephen Richards Covey was born on Oct. 24, 1932, in Salt Lake City, and grew up on an egg farm outside the city. A promising athletic career was cut short by degeneration in his legs, causing him to use crutches for three years as a teenager.

史蒂芬·理查茲·柯維于1932年10月24日出生在鹽湖城，在城郊一個養(yǎng)雞場里長大。因?yàn)橥燃?，他本來前途看好的運(yùn)動員生涯被迫中斷，青少年時(shí)期，他甚至還拄了3年拐杖。

In an interview with Fortune magazine in 1994, he told of his parents’ constant encouragement. “You’re going to do great on this test,” he remembered his mother saying as he went to sleep the night before a school exam. “You can do anything you want.”

在1994年《財(cái)富》雜志的一次采訪中，他談到父母一直鼓勵他。“你這次肯定能考好，”如果第二天學(xué)校有考試，臨睡前的那個晚上，他記得媽媽總會這么說：“你會實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)。”

He entered the University of Utah at 16 and earned a degree in business administration. He spent two years in Britain as a Mormon missionary before returning to the United States to earn an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School. He sometimes preached the Mormon doctrine on Boston Common.

16歲的時(shí)候，他進(jìn)入猶他大學(xué)(the University of Utah)學(xué)習(xí)，獲得了商業(yè)管理學(xué)學(xué)位。在英國作了兩年的摩門教傳教士后，他又回到美國哈佛商學(xué)院(Harvard Business School)讀工商管理碩士。有時(shí)候他會在波士頓公園傳播摩門教教義。

After another missionary stint, in Ireland, he earned a doctorate in religious education from Brigham Young University. His thesis was on “success literature” in American history.

在愛爾蘭又作了一段時(shí)間的傳教士以后，他在楊百翰大學(xué)(Brigham Young University)獲得了宗教教育的博士學(xué)位。他的博士論文是關(guān)于美國歷史上的“成功文學(xué)”。

At Brigham Young, he became an assistant to the university’s president and began teaching his self-help ideas on campus, drawing as many as 1,000 students in a single class. In 1983 he gambled everything he owned on starting the Covey Leadership Center, a training and consulting concern in Provo, Utah.

在楊百翰大學(xué)，他成為校長助理，并開始在校園里教授自助的觀念，每次上課都能吸引到一千多名學(xué)生。1983年，他賭上全部身家成立了柯維領(lǐng)袖中心(Covey Leadership Center)，這家培訓(xùn)與咨詢公司位于猶他州普羅沃市。

In 1997 it merged with Franklin Quest, founded by Hyrum Smith, a time-management expert, to become the Franklin Covey Company. It now operates in more than 50 countries and had $160.8 million in sales last year.

1997年，該中心與富蘭克林會斯特(Franklin Quest)合并，后者是由時(shí)間管理專家海侖·史密斯(Hyrum Smith)創(chuàng)辦的，兩公司合并后組成了富蘭克林柯維公司(Franklin Covey Company)。該公司目前業(yè)務(wù)遍及全球50多個國家，去年的銷售額為1.608億美元。

Mr. Covey is survived by his wife, the former Sandra Merrill; nine children; and more than 50 grandchildren.

柯維先生身后留下了妻子(結(jié)婚前的名字是桑德拉·美林[Sandra Merril])、9個子女，以及50多個孫輩。

Mr. Covey hated to waste time. He made copies of documents and kept them in briefcases under his desk in case he lost an original. And he liked to do more than one thing at a time. Fortune reported that he was once seen at a gym lying on the floor of the shower room being sprayed by three shower heads while he brushed his teeth and shaved.

柯維先生討厭浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。他把文件復(fù)印后放在辦公桌下面的公文包里，以防原件丟失。他還喜歡同時(shí)做好幾件事情?！敦?cái)富》雜志報(bào)道說，有一次有人看見他躺在一個健身房淋浴室的地板上，在三個噴頭對著他噴水的同時(shí)，他還一邊刷牙一邊刮胡子。

In explaining his second recommended habit — Begin with the end in mind — Mr. Covey urged people to consider how they would like to be remembered. “If you carefully consider what you want to be said of you in the funeral experience,” he said, “you will find your definition of success.”

在解釋他推薦的第二個習(xí)慣——以始為終——柯維先生敦促人們?nèi)タ紤]想以什么樣的方式留在其他人的記憶中。“如果你曾經(jīng)仔細(xì)考慮過，希望人們在你的葬禮上如何評價(jià)你，那么你也就找到了自己對成功的理解。”他說。