奧巴馬下令向阿富汗增兵三萬

美國白宮高級官員周二表示，總統奧巴馬(Barack Obama)已下達18個月向阿富汗增兵3萬的命令，這些兵力最早將從2011年7月開始逐步撤回。

President Barack Obama has ordered an 18-month 'surge' of 30,000 troops into Afghanistan that will begin winding down as soon as July 2011, senior Obama administration officials said Tuesday.

為著手撤離部分部隊確定一個明確的最后期限的舉措出乎人們意料，肯定會激起政治右派的批評。他們會認為，此舉只會鼓勵塔利班靜候增兵結束。

The move to set a firm deadline to begin the withdrawal of some troops was not expected, and it is sure to inflame critics on the political right who will argue such a step will only encourage the Taliban to wait out the surge.

這些官員表示，總統沒有確定撤兵速度，也沒有為美國部隊在阿任務設定終止日期。這些方面將視一年半后阿富汗的狀況及一次新的評估而做出決定。

The president has not decided the pace of those withdrawals or an end date for U.S. troop commitments, the officials said. Those decisions will be made based on conditions in Afghanistan and a fresh assessment after a year and a half.

美軍駐阿富汗部隊應當會在2010年夏季以前達到滿員狀態(tài)，考慮到后勤方面的困難，這一調兵速度相當之快。這個時間表意味著，美軍將投入近10萬兵力的駐阿富汗任務，不會像駐阿最高指揮官麥克里斯特爾(Stanley A. McChrystal)將軍所要求的那樣無限升級。

U.S. forces should be at full strength by the summer of 2010 - an exceedingly fast deployment given the logistical challenges. That timetable suggests the troop commitment, which will take U.S. forces to nearly 100,000, will not be the sort of open-ended increase requested by top U.S. commander Gen. Stanley A. McChrystal.

一位高級官員表示，按照這一強制選項，向阿富汗增派部隊的速度超過以前提交給奧巴馬的任何選項。

'This force option gets more troops into Afghanistan faster than any option that was previously presented to' Obama, a senior official said.

奧巴馬周二晚間在西點美國陸軍學院(U.S. Military Academy)發(fā)表關鍵講話。講話之前，白宮官員反復強調增調部隊的速度，以及在一切順利的情況下撤回部隊的可能速度。他們表示，在這3萬兵力中，有兩到三個旅將屬于作戰(zhàn)部隊，另外一支旅級規(guī)模的部隊將執(zhí)行訓練阿富汗軍隊和警察部隊的任務。

Ahead of Obama's high-stakes speech to the U.S. Military Academy here Tuesday evening, administration officials are stressing the speed of the deployments, and the potential speed of withdrawals, if all goes well. Out of the 30,000 troops, two to three brigades will be combat troops, and another brigade-sized force will be dedicated to training Afghan army and police forces, the officials said.

即使作戰(zhàn)部隊也將與阿富汗安全部隊聯合行動，以加快安全任務向阿富汗安全部隊的交接。這一計劃很像2007年美國向伊拉克增兵的行動，當時身為參議員的奧巴馬持反對態(tài)度。

Even combat troops will be teamed with Afghan security forces in an effort to speed the transfer of security duties to the Afghan security forces. That plan closely mirrors the 'surge' of forces into Iraq in 2007, a surge opposed by then-Sen. Obama.