哥本哈根局勢日益升級

世界領導人周三在哥本哈根氣候變化會議上匯聚。與此同時，丹麥警察與示威者發(fā)生沖突。隨著周五這個達成協議的最后期限逐漸臨近，緊張局勢日益升級。

World leaders gathered at the Copenhagen climate conference on Wednesday as police clashed with demonstrators amid mounting tensions ahead of Friday's deadline for reaching a deal.

聯合國官員們表示希望，逾110名政府首腦匯聚一堂，將打破富國與窮國在分擔對抗全球變暖負擔問題上的僵局。

United Nations officials voiced hope that the influx of more than 110 heads of government would break the deadlock between rich and poor countries over how the burden of fighting global warming should be shared.

但是，人們并不清楚轉向高層談判將會推動還是阻礙整個進程。委內瑞拉總統烏戈·查韋斯(Hugo Chavez)向大會發(fā)表了典型的生硬演講，把氣候變化與資本主義聯系起來，還抨擊整個談判是“不民主的”。

But it was far from clear whether the shift to more high-level talks would help or hinder the process as Hugo Chávez, the Venezuelan president, addressed the conference with a typically abrasive speech linking climate change to capitalism and denouncing the talks as “undemocratic”.

“讓我們改變制度，然后我們將開始拯救氣候，”他表示。“社會主義是拯救這個世界的途徑，而資本主義是通向地獄的道路。”他還說：“如果氣候是一家銀行，富國政府早就出手救助了”。此話引發(fā)了一些與會者鼓掌喝彩。

Let's change the system, then we will begin to save the climate,” he said. “Socialism is the way to save this world and capitalism is the road to hell.” He drew applause from some delegates by claiming that “if the climate was a bank, the rich governments would already have saved it”.

與此呼應的是，玻利維亞總統埃沃·莫拉萊斯(Evo Morales)敦促富國支付氣候變化賠款，并提議建立一個國際氣候法院，以起訴犯下氣候“罪行”的國家。

In a similar vein, Evo Morales, Bolivia's president, urged rich countries to pay climate change reparations and proposed an international climate court of justice to prosecute countries for climate ”crimes”.

“我們的目標是拯救人類，而不是一半人類。我們到這里來是為了拯救地球母親。我們的目標是把氣候變化幅度減至（不到）1攝氏度。（超過這個幅度的話）很多島嶼將消失，非洲將遭受浩劫，”他表示。

Our objective is to save humanity and not just half of humanity. We are here to save mother earth. Our objective is to reduce climate change to [under] 1°C . [Above this] many islands will disappear and Africa will suffer a holocaust,” he said.

英國首相戈登·布朗(Gordon Brown)和澳大利亞總理陸克文(Kevin Rudd)是兩位提前抵達哥本哈根的領導人。多數領導人將在今后兩天抵達。

Gordon Brown of the UK and Kevin Rudd of Australia were among leaders to arrive early before the main influx over the next two days.

會場外的緊張局勢不斷升級，丹麥警察逮捕了數以百計的抗議者，并使用催淚瓦斯迫使成千上萬抗議者后退，這些抗議者企圖沖進會場，呼吁對全球變暖采取力度更大的行動。

Tensions were rising outside the conference centre as Danish police arrested hundreds of protesters and used tear gas to force back thousands more trying to stage a march to the convention centre to call for tougher action against global warming.

丹麥首相拉爾斯·勒克·拉斯穆森(Lars Loekke Rasmussen)此前接替了一位級別較低的丹麥大臣，擔任大會主席。這個信號表明，談判將進入更關鍵階段。

Denmark's prime minister had earlier signalled the shift to a more high-stakes phase of negotiations by taking over as chairman of the conference from a more junior Danish minister.

官員們堅稱，任命拉斯穆森為大會主席的決定是一個“計劃好的程序性步驟”，而主持前九天談判的丹麥氣候專家康妮·赫澤高(Connie Hedegaard)仍將積極參與。

Officials insisted the decision to appoint Lars Loekke Rasmussen, prime minister, as conference president was a “planned procedural move” and that Connie Hedegaard, the Danish climate specialist who led the first nine days of talks, would remain heavily involved.

但這一交接加強了外界的觀感，即談判迄今進展不佳，發(fā)達國家與發(fā)展中國家在縮小減排和資助方面的分歧上幾乎毫無進展。

But the handover reinforced the perception that talks have not been going well, with little progress made towards narrowing differences between developed and developing countries over emissions cuts and financing.

聯合國秘書長潘基文(Ban Ki-moon)周二對英國《金融時報》表示，本周也許不可能滿足發(fā)展中國家的一個關鍵要求，即為對抗全球變暖的措施達成長期資助協議。

Ban Ki-moon, UN secretary-general, told the Financial Times on Tuesday that it might not be possible to reach a deal this week on long-term financing for measures to combat global warming – a key demand of developing countries.

“在這么多國家及政府首腦前來發(fā)表聲明的情況下，由丹麥首相主持大會是合適的，”赫澤高在一份聲明中表示。她同時強調，她將作為拉斯穆森的特別代表，繼續(xù)推動各方達成協議。

“With so many heads of state and governments arriving to give their statements, it is appropriate that the Danish prime minister presides,” Ms Hedegaard said in a statement, while stressing she would continue to help craft a deal as Mr Rasmussen's special representative.

“最后階段的談判將是緊張而艱苦的，”拉斯穆森表示。“因此，我已請康妮·赫澤高大臣與她的同事們繼續(xù)談判哥本哈根大會的最終協議。”

“The final negotiations will be tense and strenuous,” said Mr Rasmussen. “I have therefore asked minister Connie Hedegaard to continue to negotiate the Copenhagen outcome with her colleagues.