七田真超右腦英語學(xué)習法13

Flower arranging and tea ceremony
Flower arranging
Flower arranging, or ikebana, is well known as a part of Japanese culture. This Japanese form of flower arranging evolved during the Heian period （794 to 1192）as an art form. Ikebana and tea ceremony were considered two essential skills that every woman needed to study before getting married. Now ,they are only for those who happen to be interested.
There are various schools of the ikebana art, including Ikenobo, Ohara, and Sogetsu-ryu. Inside a vase, a spiked frog is placed to keep the flowers stems standing. Ikebana has now spread to other parts of the world.
Tea ceremony
The tea ceremony is a complicated form of etiquette and hospitality, formed into an art in the 16th century by a man named Rikyu. The tea ceremony is a form of aesthetic enjoyment, especially popular with women. Some junior high and high school students also join tea ceremony clubs, considered a good way to learn etiquette and manners.
When the tea is served, there are strict procedures established for drinking is. First, the teacup is picked up off the mat, and then it is turned clockwise two or three times. After a sip is taken, the cup is turned the other direction and put back down. While a light tea called sencha is the daily tea, a thicker tea called macha is used in the tea ceremony.
插花
插花是日本文化中聞名遐邇的一部分。插花作為藝術(shù)形式發(fā)展于平安時代（794～1192）。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束以前，插花和茶道是單身女性結(jié)婚前必須學(xué)習的教養(yǎng)科目。現(xiàn)在只有有興趣的人才學(xué)習。
插花有許多流派，如池坊派、小原派和草月派等。插花中為了讓花莖在花瓶中固定住，要使用“劍山”。現(xiàn)在海外也有很多女性開始學(xué)習插花。
茶道
茶道的禮節(jié)和招待方式都非常復(fù)雜。16世紀的利休將茶道發(fā)展成為一門藝術(shù)。茶道可以說是一種美的娛東，在女性中間特別受歡迎。初、高中的學(xué)生中還有人參加茶道部，這對學(xué)習茶道的禮儀很有幫助。
茶端出來以后，必須嚴格遵守飲用的步驟。首先把茶碗拿在手里，順時針轉(zhuǎn)兩或三圈。喝完茶以后再逆時針轉(zhuǎn)一下碗，放下來。茶道中使用抹茶，但日常生活中喝得更多多的是煎茶。