雙語詩歌翻譯|杜甫-《潼關(guān)吏》

《潼關(guān)吏》是唐代偉大詩人杜甫創(chuàng)作的“三吏三別”之一。此詩借潼關(guān)吏之口描述潼關(guān)天險，表達了詩人對當初桃林一戰(zhàn)潰敗的遺憾，希望守關(guān)將士們一定要以史為鑒，好好利用潼關(guān)天險保衛(wèi)長安的安全。以緩急有致、神情畢現(xiàn)、形象鮮明的對話描寫表現(xiàn)人物的心理和神態(tài)，是此詩主要特色。

杜甫 《潼關(guān)吏》

士卒何草草，筑城潼關(guān)道。
大城鐵不如，小城萬丈余。
借問潼關(guān)吏，修關(guān)還備胡？
要我下馬行，為我指山隅。
連云列戰(zhàn)格，飛鳥不能逾。
胡來但自守，豈復憂西都？
丈人視要處，窄狹容單車。
艱難奮長戟，萬古用一夫。
哀哉桃林戰(zhàn)，百萬化為魚。
請囑防關(guān)將，慎勿學哥舒。

Officer at the Western Pass

How hard do soldiers work and toil,
Building ramparts on western soil!
Iron-clad bastions high and low
Like walls along the mountain go.
I ask an officer near by
If against foes are built walls high.
He asks me to dismount and look
Around and points to mountain nook.
The forts on the peaks scrape the sky,
Over them even birds can’t fly.
When come the foe, we guard the wall,
There’s no fear for the capital.
He shows me the narrow pass too,
Only single chariots file through.
When guarded with long spear by one,
The fortress can be forced by none.
But defeated at Peach Grove, alas!
Ten thousand men slain at the pass.
Please tell the general guarding here:
Be not defeated as that year!