先給大家看一篇考官范文,來看看考官是如果用簡單的詞寫出不簡單的句子的。
此文選自劍橋雅思真題集8- Test1.
首先進(jìn)入到文章的開頭段:
A child’s education has never been about learning information and basic skills only.(1) It has always included teaching the next generation how to be good members of society.(2) Therefore, this cannot be the responsibility of the parents alone. (3)
無論是第一句話中的“never”及“only”也好, 還是最后一句的“not”及“alone”也好, 考官都運用了我們在漢語表述同樣會用得到的一種表達(dá)形式——雙重否定表肯定, 從而增強(qiáng)句子語氣。 第二句中的the next generation 也是不錯的用法, 這也是我們上一講中提到過的less common vocabulary。 短語中的單獨每個單詞挑選出來大家都認(rèn)識, 但是放到一起的這種說法, 大部分同學(xué)還是無法掌握的。
接下來我們進(jìn)入到文章的主體段2:
In order to be a good member of any society the individual must respect and obey the rules of their community and share their values.(1)Educating children to understand the need to obey rules and respect others always begins in the home and is widely thought to be the responsibility of parents.(2) They will certainly be the first to help children learnwhat is important in life, how they are expected to behave and what role they will play in their world. (3)
首先來看句1和句2, 運用了特殊開頭詞的寫作形式“in order to ”(介詞短語放句首)及“Educating”(動名詞放句首)。 大部分同學(xué)寫句子時, 名詞代詞放句首的偏多, 特殊開頭詞引出句子的方法這點我們也是可以學(xué)習(xí)的。
再來看句子中的respect and obey 這組, 及what is important in life, how they are expected to behave and what role they will play in their world這組, 兩組都屬于平行結(jié)構(gòu), 一組是短語平行, 一組是平行中最高級的用法——從句平行。
本段材料的最后這句, 不僅是三個從句的平行, 而且萬能性還很強(qiáng)。 我們可以把主句They will certainly be the first to help children learn中的主語They換成其他主語, 如志愿服務(wù)工作。 我們再來看下這個句子, 志愿服務(wù)工作可以幫著孩子們學(xué)習(xí)什么是重要的, 應(yīng)該怎么做及應(yīng)該在世界中起到怎樣的作用。 三個從句寫出來, 不僅句子長度拉長, 同時還展示了考官書寫從句的能力, 最重要的是, 考生們還可以學(xué)習(xí)到舉一反三的句式!
最后來看下句2的謂語, 共有兩個, 分別為begin 及 be widely thought , 一主動一被動, 這又何嘗不是增加句子靈活度的方式?
接下來進(jìn)入到主體段2:
However, learning to understand and share the value system of a whole society cannot be achieved just in the home.(1) Once a child goes to school, they are entering a wider community where teachers and peers will have just as much influence as their parents do at home. (2)At school, children will experience working and living with people from a whole variety of backgrounds from the wider society. (3)This experience should teach them how to co-operate with each other andhow to contribute to the life of their community.(4)
先來看本段的句1, 一方面雙重否定表肯定了- not 及just用法。 再一方面還起到了承上啟下的作用,起到對學(xué)校教育的論述。 句2, once及where引導(dǎo)兩個從句做嵌套, 句子雖長, 但論述邏輯清晰。 段落的句尾再次出現(xiàn)平行結(jié)構(gòu), 也是為了和上段做呼應(yīng)。
But to be a valuable member of any community is not like learning a simple skill. It is something that an individual goes on learning throughout life and it is the responsibility of every member of a society to take responsibility for helping the younger generation to become active and able members of that society.
進(jìn)入到結(jié)尾段, 往往要給出觀點及看法, 這里我們看到考官在給觀點時用到了這樣一個短語“active and able”。大部分人看到后沒有任何感覺, 但他實際用的是押頭韻的用法。 和其相似的還有, Beauty and the Beast, League of Legend 以及 Pride and Prejudice,只要留心, 這種在電影及雜志上的材料你也會留心到。
這就是C8T1的范文, 我們做了分析。 相信對大部分同學(xué)來講,此篇文章出現(xiàn)的生詞不會超過三個, 甚至對大部分人來說, 這篇材料是沒有生詞的。 但是考官就是用了雙重否定表肯定, 特殊開頭詞, 平行結(jié)構(gòu)及押頭韻等等表達(dá)了多樣的句式! 所以我們看出, 真正好的作文不是生詞長句, 而是像考官材料一樣用簡單詞表達(dá)多樣的句式!