談?wù)劻_馬競(jìng)技場(chǎng)的起源，競(jìng)技場(chǎng)跟基督教的殉教者有什么關(guān)系

今天的這段對(duì)話，在討論羅馬競(jìng)技場(chǎng)，

談?wù)劻_馬競(jìng)技場(chǎng)的起源，競(jìng)技場(chǎng)跟基督教的殉教者有什么關(guān)系

來(lái)聽(tīng)今天的講解:

A: While I'm in Rome, I think I'll visit the Coliseum.

當(dāng)我到了羅馬，我想我會(huì)去競(jìng)技場(chǎng)看看。

B: It's a great tourist attraction,  but get there early because of the queues.

那是個(gè)很好的游覽勝地，但最好早一點(diǎn)去，因?yàn)橐抨?duì)。

A: Someone told me to get a guide, what do you think?

有人要我請(qǐng)一位導(dǎo)游，你怎么看？

B: They are worth the extra money, they also give you an insider's view. They tell you things you wouldn't know otherwise.

額外花錢請(qǐng)導(dǎo)游還是值得的，他們會(huì)從內(nèi)行人的角度給你解說(shuō)，告訴你一些你無(wú)法了解的東西。

A: I see, so they tell you things that weren't in the movie, Gladiator!

我知道．他們會(huì)說(shuō)一些在電影《角斗士》里看不到的東兩。

B: Outside the gates you can have your picture taken with a real-life gladiator, it's expensive though.

住門外你還可以跟真正的角斗士合影，不過(guò)費(fèi)用很高。

A: Hmmm . . . it has another name too, doesn't it? "Amphitheatre Flavio"?

嗯……競(jìng)技場(chǎng)還有一個(gè)名字，叫“圓形劇場(chǎng)”，是吧？

B: Yes, and was built by Emperor Vespasian in honour of his empire.

足的，它是韋斯帕西恩皇帝為了紀(jì)念他的帝國(guó)而建立的。

A: The name Coliseum probably comes from the big bronze statue known as the “ Colossus" , or giant, that Nero wanted built based on his image.

競(jìng)技場(chǎng)的名字大概源于那個(gè)大家熟悉的大銅像Colossus．或叫做巨人，那是尼祿皇帝根據(jù)自己的形象豎立的。

B: Later, that statue was moved closer to the amphitheatre by Emperor Hadrian and afterwards modi6ed co look like various emperors and also, with the addition of sun rays", the Sun God.

后來(lái)，銅像又被艾德里安皇帝移到離競(jìng)技場(chǎng)更近的地方，此后又按照各介皇帝的樣子改造。．另外還增加了一個(gè)太陽(yáng)神像，即“陽(yáng)光王冠”。

A: Before, you could watch amazing contests there.  I mean, really disgusting things with lots of blood, fights to the death.

后來(lái)，銅像又被艾德里安皇帝移到離競(jìng)技場(chǎng)更近的地方，此后又按照各介皇帝的樣子改造。另外還增加了一個(gè)太陽(yáng)神像，即“陽(yáng)光王冠”。

B: Yes, just like in the movie. Around 80, 000 spectators followed these combats that could go on from sunrise to sunset and sometimes well into the night.

是的，就像電影里演的一樣：大約有80，000個(gè)觀眾觀看這些角斗，從日出到日落，有時(shí)候直到深夜。

A: Some sports were to kill Christians, too. You know, throwing Christian to the lions and all that.

有些角斗活動(dòng)還要?dú)⑺阑酵?，就是把基督徒扔給獅子或其他動(dòng)物吃。

B: The Coliseum was associated with the persecutions suffered by Christian martyrs, but according to recent studies, there is no documented proof to tell us that these slaughters actually happened.

后來(lái)，銅像又被艾德里安皇帝移到離競(jìng)技場(chǎng)更近的地方，此后又按照各介皇帝的樣子改造。另外還增加了一個(gè)太陽(yáng)神像，即“陽(yáng)光王冠”。

A: Anyway, in AD 313 the Emperor Constantine proclaimed Christianity the official religion of the empire, obviously forbidding the executions of Christians but also the combats between gladiators and the hunting spectacles.

不管怎樣，到公元313年，康斯坦丁皇帝宣布基督教為國(guó)教，公開(kāi)禁止殘害基督徒，行禁止角斗士和獵物的決斗表演。之后，他們把那里作為墓地，后來(lái)又做了堡壘，接著又用來(lái)堆積建筑材料。對(duì)這么一個(gè)壯麗的建筑來(lái)說(shuō)，好像很浪費(fèi)。

B: After that, they used it as a cemetery, then a fortress and then a place to store building materials, which seems like a waste of such a beautiful piece of architecture.

競(jìng)技場(chǎng)跟基督教的殉教者受的迫害也有關(guān)系。但根據(jù)最近的調(diào)查研究，沒(méi)有文字材料證明這些屠殺真的發(fā)生過(guò)。

A: So, a visit to Rome is not complete without making a trip to the Coliseum.  I'II go to the bookstore later and get a guidebook.

所以，到羅馬旅游一定要去參觀競(jìng)技場(chǎng)，否則就不完美。待會(huì)兒我要去書店買一本旅行指南。