英語聽力文摘 令人煩惱的青春痘

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痤瘡是發(fā)生在毛囊皮脂腺的慢性皮膚病，發(fā)生的因素多種多樣，但最直接的因素就是毛孔堵塞。毛孔堵塞以后，毛囊里面的油脂排不出來，越積越多就形成一個(gè)個(gè)小痘痘，青春痘就是這樣發(fā)生的。不太嚴(yán)重的青春痘通常都能看到一個(gè)白色或者黑色的頂，這就是白頭粉刺與黑頭。粉刺，你也可以擠出一些白色的分泌物，這就是堆積在毛孔里面的油脂，并非臟的東西，也不是所謂的螨蟲。只要毛孔不堵塞，痘痘就不會(huì)輕易冒出來。粉刺痤瘡的形成一般都是由于內(nèi)分泌失調(diào)所引起的，這種粉刺痤瘡可以用一些專業(yè)藥物進(jìn)行調(diào)理;粉刺痤瘡是一種皮膚疾病，形成一般與內(nèi)分泌失調(diào)、雄性激素分泌旺盛相關(guān)，不是口服哪一種藥物或者涂抹化妝品便能治愈的，一定要接受正規(guī)的皮膚病?？漆t(yī)院或者皮膚科的治療，進(jìn)行內(nèi)分泌的調(diào)理與體內(nèi)雄性激素的平衡，只要堅(jiān)持治療一般都是可以根治的。

One of the least pleasant things about being human is the appearance at adolescence of pimples. Not only do they make their entrance just at the time when people are most self-conscious, but they come and go for the rest of your life. It would almost be better to have a hairy face.

Ironically, the general covering of our bodies in hair — what we call “fur” on other animals — is at the root of our problem with acne. In the course of evolution human beings lost their entirely hairy faces and now have a lot of exposed skin there: even a bearded man with bushy eyebrows has much of his face bare.

The structures in the facial skin that once gave rise to hair, however, have not disappeared entirely: many still contain tiny vestigial hairs which do not grow. That means there is nothing to open up the pore itself; and that means the pore is a great place for oils, dirt and bacteria to get clogged. You can get zits anywhere vestigialfollicles become clogged.

The big culprit on faces, though, isn’t dirt so much as an internally-produced substance called sebum that makes the skin cells shed inside the pores. These dead cells, unable to (1)flake away, collect until they become an irritation to the pore. At this point the body reacts in a miniature version of the way it deals with any other invasion: it sends white blood cells to the site to attack the invading body. The result is a mild inflammation at the site of battle. That inflammation is the zit.

So evolution, while having cleaned our hairy faces, gave us pimply skin instead.

Notes:

(1)flake away 剝落

The paint is flaking away in this dry weather.

在這種干燥的天氣中，油漆正在剝落。