2022年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試聽力真題及答案

Section A

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

W:(1)Mr.DavidJackson,a staff writer at the New Yorker,is known for his non-fiction books of adventure.Today,we go on a different kind of adventure:Jackson's life of parenting his offspring.David,as a parent of an l1-and a 14-year-old,what is themost interesting issueyou are dealing with right now?

M:It's easy to focus on the challenges,but so far,I find these ages to be kind of wonderful.(2)They are independent,and they have their own curiosities and obsessions. You can talk to them about fairly sophisticated subject matter such aspolitics.

W:Yes,that doessound refreshing compared with talking to younger children.Do they ask you to proofread their essays?

M:Certainly,with writing they do.(3)I really just try to be encouraging.I think at this age,editorial guidance is less important than encouragement.

W:Are there books that you think are important that your children read,and that all childrenread?

M:My general thought is toread widely and to incorporate a love for reading.Learning to love to read,I think,is the optimalthing,because it givesyou a skill you can take anywhere.

W:So you're not too concerned like some parents with thecontent they're reading?Iknow I have someworries about that.

M:Yeah,read what you like.If a child loves graphic novels or comic books,whatever it is,that is turning them on to read and turning on their imagination.

W:(4)I feel that children's tastes in books change as they reach adolescence.I know that mine certainly dic when I was a teenager. What do you think?

M:I think it's especially important as they get older toread subjectmater thatll open their eyes to theworld and people.So I think both fiction and non-fiction are really important because theygive you the power to begin to perceive the world through the lives of others.

1.What do we learn about David Jackson from the conversation?

2.What docs the man think of young teenagers?

3.How does the man help his kids with their essays?

4.What does the woman say about herself when she was a teenager?

Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

M:(5)In this episode of Money Talks,our guest is Molly Sanders,a university student and a successful young entrepreneur.Molly,tell us about your business.

W:Well Isll specialty clothes through a website,mainlyfor women who have trouble finding suitable clothes in main street shops because of their height or weight.But I do some men's clothes too.

M:How did you get startedin this business at such a young age?Are you studying fashion design?

W:Actually,I'm majoring in finance,but I've always loved clothes.And Istarted making my own at 14. 

M:Did you haveany sort of training in designor sewing?Or was it a natural ability?

W:I'd have to say no to both.(6)No one taughtme to make clothes and most of the things I made at first were disasters.

M:Why did you persevere?I think most people would giveup if theykept failing,especially at that age.

W:I kept on out of necessity.(7)As you can see,I'm very tall and I couldn't find clothes that fit me in ordinary shops.SoI kept trying and developed my skills over time.

M:Well,my notes say you earned S50,000 in profits last year,an extraordinary amount for a 20-year-old student.How did thathappen?Did you see a gap in the market and decideto fill it?

W:No.WhenI started university,some classmates complimented my clothes.And when I said I made them myself,other tall women started asking if I would make theirs.AndI did.And before Iknew it,I was an entrepreneur.

M:So whatareyour plans for the future?Doyouintend to open a physical store?

W:No.I'll keep things online to keep costs down.(8)But I will add more clothes for children,both girls and boys,and possibly even for infants.And I hope to addto my range of designs for men.

5.What do we learn about the woman?

6.What does the woman say about the clothes she made at first?

7.Why did the woman persevere in making clothes for herself?

8.What does the woman plan to do in the future?

Section B

Questions 9 to 1l are based on the passage you have just heard.

Researchershave identified a potent new antibiotic compound using artificial intelligence.The antibiotic can kil verydangerous bacteria.According to a study published in the journal Cell,the compound successfully removed deadly strains of bacteria in mice which are resistant to all known antibiotics.

(9)The researchers say this is the first time that artificial intelligence has been used to find a powerful new antibiotic molecule.Why does this matter?The answer is antibiotic resistance.This happens when bacteria develop the ability to survive the medications designed to kill them.(10)Antibiotic resistance is a serious threat to health and the problem isgrowing.This makes finding new antibiotics very important. However,in recent decades,very few have been developed,and those that have tend to be very similar to drugs already available.  The searchesalso tend to only focus on anarrow spectrum of chemical compounds,but this is where artificial intelligence comes in.Why?Tofind new drugs,scientists screen molecules to predict how effective they might be.Typically,such screening is done by humans in the lab,which isboth costly and slow.Artificial intlligence is different.It's fast,and it can process a high volume.It can screen hundreds of millions of compounds to identify a few interesting candidates that requireexperimental testing.(11)Artificial intelligence is also able to predict if compounds are likely to be toxic.Someexperts assert that this work signifies a paradigm shift in antibiotic discovery.It could change drug discovery more generally.

9.What have researchers done for the first time in history?

10.What makes it important to find new antibiotic drugs?

11.What does the passage say artificial intelligence is able to do in antibiotic research?

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.

A recent study overturned what we think we know about lying.(12-1)Most of us have a theory about how to tell ifsomeone is telling a lie.We may develop that theory from observations of those people we know wel and see regularly,but we tend to generalize what we gather from that unscientific daily research and makeit a universal theory.

So we might imagine that liars have evasive eyes,or the opposite—they simply stare at you.Or perhaps it is more generally nervous behavior we associate with lies.(12-2)Whatever the particular theory,it's usually based on close observation of people we know. And weget lots of practice.(13)On average,we're lied to some 200 times per day.These are mostly harmless lies,but lies nonetheless.

But there's a problem with our theories,even though they're based on all these observations.(14)The averagg person—you and me—tested rigorously on how well we detect lies fails to do better than chance.That's well established over many studies and lots of attempts by researchers to work out reliable ways to detect lies. It's even relatively easy to fool lie detectors,the gold standard of lie detection,by training yourself in breathing techniques and symptom suppression.

Is there any way to get better at detecting lies?The new research offers some surprising advice.(15)Stop lookingand listen instead. It turns out that if we're unable to see the face,but rather focus on the voice of the person in question,our accuracy rate improves considerably.

12.According to the passage,how do most people detect lying?

13.What does the passage say about most lies?

14.What have many studies uncovered about the average person's lie detection?

15.What advice does the new research offer regarding lie detection?

Section C

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.

Appear to be submissive,humble,grateful and undemanding;show great pleasure when a doctor comes into yourroom,even if the visit is brief and useless.Don't challenge anyone with authority unless you are famous or very rich.

Those are a few strategies for dealing with today's American medical establishment.(16)What patients want is to be treated with respect and consideration.But in my experience,too few hospitals and doctors are ready to do that. In his book,A Whole New Life,novelist Reynolds Price recalls that his doctors chose a crowded hallway as the place to tell him he might have a tumor on his spinal cord.It did not occur to the two physicians that a hallway was not the most appropriate place for that particular piece of news.

My surgeon,who is in his mid-thirties,looks tired.He has been overwhelmed with patients who have fallen on the winter ice.He is a witty man,but sometimes his wit is unwelcome.

“The health insurance company Blue Cros wants me to putyouout in the snow tomorrow afternoon,”he tellsme after I have been inthe hospital for more than a weekI'm terrified because I have no idea whereto go.I cannot walk or even liftmy leg a few inches.The hospital social worker strikes meas anidiot.Butmy complaints about her only annoy my surgeon.“I have to work with these people,”he tells my friend,Dr Karen Brudney,whenshemercifully intervenes on my behalf and arrangesforme tobe transferred to another hospital.

“If you say one negative thing,they get defensive,"she tellsme later.“They have this kindof institutional  loyalty.(17) Always bring an advocate,that is,any other person with you to the hospital,and write down every single question and the answer,the name of every doctor and nurse.When people know you have their names,they behave better. And,”Brudney adds,“if you,as a patient,suggest that you might like to control even part of the situation or be consulted or informed,then you areconsidered difficult.(18)They want you to be totally passive. Theentire health care system,particularly hospitals and nursing homes,exists for reasons thathave nothing to do with taking care of patients.Patients are incidental.”

16.What does the spcaker say about most American hospitals?

17.What does Karen Brudney suggest patients do?

18.What do American doctors expect their patients to be,according to Karen Brudney?

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.

There are probably teams you've worked with but you never want to work with again.But there must have also been other teams that you would prize reuniting with professionally.In other words,your team had vitality.(19) Vitality comes about when the ties people form with their fellow teammembers aresuch that they stay connectedeven after the team breaks up.

What characteristics of a team make its membersmore likely to stayincontact despite no longer working together?This question has been answered recently in a study published in a business journal.

One of the two key factors the research team discovered is sameness.Specifically,sharing the same gender or ethnic origin.(20)The more members of a team share similar demographics,the more inclined they will be to remain associates long after the team has served its purpose.After ties are established,similarity strengthens them.As a result,they regard these individuals with greater trust and mutual understanding,which motivates them to seekfurther opportunities for collaboration.In effect,people tend to create stronger and longer-lasting connections with similar others.Someone who looks and sounds different from us may have the resources we need to be more successful.Yet,we find them to be significantly less credible simply because they are different.If you are a fierce advocate of workplace diversity,you'l no doubt be horrified by such a revelation.

The second factor identified bythe researchers is the quality of the relationships among the team members.The more they trust one another,share the same goals and depend on each other for the achievement of those goals,the stronger their chances of maintaining their connections,despite no longer working as one team. Teamswith quality relationships have a shared belief that it's safe to take risks with each other,and their members are obliged to share the workload and help out.

From personal experience,Icanseeboththetruth and the inconsistencyof such studies.The truth issome of my closest friendships were formed as a result of having worked together on teams,and I actively seek opportunities to work with them again.(21)The inconsistency,though,is that I've never worked for a team more successful and cohesive than the one of which I am a member right now.And yet,the four of us have very little in common and are completely different demographically.So I am unlikely to question the value of a diverse workforce.

19.What does the speaker say about a team with vitality?

20.What do the researchers find out about members of a team?

21.What dowe learn about the team the speaker is currently working in?

Questions 22 to 25 are basedon therecording you have just heard.

An American researcher who studied 600 millionairesfound how rich you can get comes down to six wealth factors.She found that six behaviors are related to net worth potential,regardless of age or income.These were  thriftiness,confidence,responsibility,planning,focus and social indifference.

Bcing thrifty comes as no great surprise.Spending above your means,spendinginstead of saving for retirement,spending in anticipation of becoming wealthy,makes you aslave to the paycheck.(22)“Even with an astronomical level of income,”she wrote,“to properly build wealth,experts recommend saving 20%of your income and living off the remaining 80%.”

Havingconfidence is another keycharacteristic,as it helps people to be thrifty.(23)It takes confidence to live within your means.It also takes confidence to invest properly.Instead of making investing decisions with your emotions,financial planners advise that you should leave your investments alone and focus on a long-term investment plan.But people can't invest or manage their own money without accepting responsibility for the  outcomes.Many millionaires take on personal responsibility,and most also happen to be self-made,meaningthey didn't acquire their wealth through luck.(24)Millionaires don't count on anyone else to make them rich,and they don't blame anyone else if they fallshort.They focus on things they can control and align their daily habits to thegoals they have set for themselves.They tend to be goal-oriented and hard workers,which enables them to plan financially and focus on seeing those plans through.92%of the millionaires surveyed developed a long- term plan for their money and 97%almost always achieved the goals they set for themselves.

And it is thesebehaviors that make it casy for them to be socilly indifferent.They resist lifestyle creep,the tendency to spend more whenever one earns more.(25)Essentially,they don't yield to pressure to buy the latest thing or to keep up with others or what they have acquired. Instead of being focused on what might make them happy today,they're focused on their long-term wealth-building plan.

22.What do experts recommend concerning being thrifty?

23.How does confidence help people to be thrifty?

24.How do millionaires react when they fail in their investment?

25.Why docs the speaker say millionaires are socially indifferent?