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托福寫(xiě)作兩大必殺技介紹

所屬教程:托福寫(xiě)作

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  首先,summarize,也就是概括閱讀和聽(tīng)力文章的主要內(nèi)容和各三個(gè)分論點(diǎn)。

  這其實(shí)就是Introduction要寫(xiě)的內(nèi)容,掌握了概括,第一段就不成問(wèn)題咯!

  其次,Paraphrase,也就是改寫(xiě)。掌握好了改寫(xiě)句子,你寫(xiě)起文章來(lái)將會(huì)感覺(jué)到如魚(yú)得水,游刃有余。改寫(xiě)其實(shí)主要有下面的兩種方法:

  第一,使用不同的詞匯

  a.使用同義詞,比如以下的一些寫(xiě)作高頻詞匯的同義詞,你一定要掌握,出現(xiàn)的尤為頻繁。

  important→essential, crucial, vital, significant,

  think→claim, believe, consider, deem, figure out

  nowadays→currently, at present, now, recently, in recent years, these days

  b.改變?cè)~性,這是一種稍微難一些的方法,要求你的語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ)非常好,你才能靈活自如的運(yùn)用。

  n. → v.

  Eg:When we look at a comparison between A and B…

  When we compare A and B…

  Adj. → n.

  There are a variety of solutions to the problem.

  There are various solutions to the problem.

  c. 使用不同的承接詞。承接詞在文章當(dāng)中的使用相當(dāng)頻繁,不僅是段落和段落的連接,還包括句子和句子的連接。背住一些常用的承接詞比你的改寫(xiě)將會(huì)有極大的作用。

  because of → due to, owing to, because, as, since, for

  but → however, nevertheless, nonetheless, whereas

  so → therefore, hence, thus, consequently

  d.形容詞的逆向表達(dá)。在某些形容詞上進(jìn)行修改,會(huì)達(dá)到非比尋常的效果。

  Eg: not as easy as…→more difficult than…

  Not uncommon→common

  The cheapest → the least expensive

  第二,使用不同的句型

  a. 改變?cè)~序。這是非常簡(jiǎn)單的一種方法,完全不用動(dòng)腦筋就可以進(jìn)行改寫(xiě)。常常將句子中的狀語(yǔ)(包括狀語(yǔ)從句)換位置。

  Eg: For many years, people have believed ….

  →People believed… for many years.

  After this programs has been solved, work on … can continue.

  b. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的互相替換Eg: Trained scientists performed this research.

  →This research was performed by trained scientists.

  c. 使用“there be” 句型,可以將一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句,馬上變成一個(gè)加入定語(yǔ)從句或者分詞的復(fù)雜句。Eg: Several computer programs can be used to solve this problem.

  →There are several computer programs that can be used to solve this problem.或There are several computer programs used to solve this problem.

  d. 定語(yǔ)從句,分詞和插入語(yǔ)的互相替換

  Eg: Study…, conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that…

  →Study…, which was conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that…

  Eg: This…, which is one of the most powerful … in the world, has…

  →This…, one of the most powerful… in the world, has…

  接下來(lái),Cite,即引用。綜合寫(xiě)作乃客觀寫(xiě)作,只是一個(gè)旁觀者的角度對(duì)這兩篇文章的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行描述,因此,某觀點(diǎn)是出自哪篇文章一定要說(shuō)清楚。所以,下面的這些句型在綜合寫(xiě)作中必不可缺。

  a.According to+noun.

  Eg: According to the passage/lecture/author/professor,…

  b.Subject+verbs of reporting +that clause

  Eg: The author tells/reports/suggests/explains/says/argues/states/indicates/claims/points out/thinks/believes that…

  或The speaker agrees/disagrees/rejects/disputes/challenges/takes a different view….

  c. As is indicated/displayed/illustrated in the passage/lecture,...

  最后,Synthesize,也就是連接。具體來(lái)講,就是承接詞的使用是相當(dāng)重要的,將文章當(dāng)中的重要信息連接起來(lái),體現(xiàn)作者對(duì)于兩篇文章的理解正確,說(shuō)明作者的思路清楚。由于綜合寫(xiě)作是對(duì)兩篇文章的比較,所以下面表對(duì)比和遞進(jìn)的承接詞使用的最頻繁。

  a.Transitional words showing contrast: however, on the other hand, in contrast, on the contrary

  b.Transitional words showing addition: moreover, furthermore, in addition, besides, as well


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