2016年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀模擬練習(xí)(21)

　　Part Ⅰ starts with a brief introductory chapter and then takes up Style and Organization, covering them in that order because skill or lack of skill in style affects all writing, while much technical writing is so short as to offer no problems of organization. These chapters are followed by one on Mechanics, covering matters of form that are peculiar to technical writing or else crop up in it with abnormal frequency.

　　The chapter on Special Problems, which follows, performs a dual function. It provides writing assignments that may be used while the study of style, organization, and mechanics is still under way, and it explains ways of handling certain problems that may arise during the writing of reports, proposals, and other longer forms. We have also expanded the treatment of technical articles — recognizing the potential contribution of article writing to the career of the writer and the value of the article to science and technology.

　　In Part Ⅱ, a change of emphasis at one point is reflected in the new title　for Chapter 8, Nonformal Reports — Their Variation in Form and Purpose, which was formerly called Special Types of Reports. Though certain special types of reports are still discussed, additional emphasis is given to the fact that there does not exist any universally accepted set of types, under　which all reports can be classified.

　　Two other extensive changes have been made in Part Ⅱ: The chapter on Proposals, which first appeared in the second edition, has been rewritten and substantially expanded so as to cover that important subject more thoroughly. Also, an entirely new chapter, Oral Presentation of Technical Information, has been added. Though a study of this chapter is no substitute for training in public speaking, we believe that its recommendations can nevertheless be of substantial assistance to those who use this book on the numerous occasions when they will be called upon to present their ideas in person before a small group or a large audience.

　　1.The passage is most probably a preface to ____.

　　A) a technical writing handbook B) a handbook on composition C) a book on a literary writing D) a scientific paper

　　2.In part I, the writer arranges the chapters in the order of ____.

　　A) Introduction—Organization—Special Problems—Style—Nonformal Reports

　　B) Introduction—Style—Organization—Special Types of Reports—Mechanics

　　C) Introduction—Style—Organization—Mechanics—Special Problems

　　D) Introduction—Style—Proposals—Special Problems—Mechanics

　　3.You can find some writing exercises in ____.

　　A) the chapter on Organization B) the chapter on Style

　　C) the chapter on Special Problems D) the chapter on Proposals

　　4.According to the passage, the chapter on Oral Presentation of Technical Information appears in ____ of the book.

　　A) Part Ⅰ of the first edition B) Part Ⅱ of the second edition C) Part Ⅰ of the second edition D) Part Ⅱ of the third edition

　　5.Which of the following is not true of Part Ⅱ of the new edition?

　　A) There isn't the chapter on Special Types of Reports.

　　B) The chapter on Oral Presentation of Technical Information is rewritten and expanded.

　　C) The chapter on Proposals is a revised chapter.

　　D) There is a change of the title of Chapter 8.

　　參考答案：

　　1.答案A。本選段講述了該書第一部分和第二部分各章節(jié)的前后安排以及與之有關(guān)的 事。從其內(nèi)容看應(yīng)是一本有關(guān)專業(yè)技術(shù)寫作的書的序言，這一點(diǎn)也可從第二段最后一句話看 出來(lái)。

　　2.答案C。做此題時(shí)要注意第一段和第二段中的大寫字母，因其表示專有名詞，還要 注意以下各詞： start with,then,follow和chapter on(論述……的章節(jié))。

　　3.答案C。見(jiàn)文章第二段第二句

　　4.答案D。根據(jù)第四段第一、二句話可知此章節(jié)出現(xiàn)在第三版該書的第二部分

　　5.答案B。根據(jù)第四段第二句可知 Oral Presentation of Technical Information是個(gè)全新的章節(jié)，而不是一個(gè)經(jīng)修改的章節(jié)，故B不符合原文，是答案。根據(jù)第三段第一句話可知第八章的標(biāo)題換了，原名是“Special Types of Reports”，現(xiàn)名是“Informal Reports—Their Variation in Form and Purpose”，故A和D符合原文。第四段第一句說(shuō)Proposals這一章節(jié)先出現(xiàn)在第二版本上，在此版本中此章節(jié)重寫了并且大大地?cái)U(kuò)充了內(nèi)容，據(jù)此 可推知 B不符合原文。