英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀關(guān)鍵句：238. In many cases, a victim's losse

238. In many cases, a victim's losses may include not only out-of-pocket financial losses, but substantial additional financial costs associated with trying to restore his reputation in the community and correcting erroneous information for which the criminal is responsible.

譯文

很多情況下，受害者所遭受的損失可能不僅包括直接的財(cái)務(wù)損失，還包括由犯罪分子造成的用于恢復(fù)受害者社會(huì)名譽(yù)和糾正錯(cuò)誤信息的大筆額外費(fèi)用。

點(diǎn)睛

本句的主干是losses may include not only losses, but costs。not only...but...連接了include的并列賓語(yǔ)，起到遞進(jìn)的作用；associated with...是costs的后置定語(yǔ)，而costs之前的三個(gè)形容詞皆為其定語(yǔ)；trying to...和correcting...都是介詞with的賓語(yǔ)，其中for which引導(dǎo)的是information的定語(yǔ)從句，介詞for和之后的responsible構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)be responsible for。

not only...but...的意思是“不僅……而且……”，還可用作not only...but also...。如：

Not only the grandparents were there but also the aunts and uncles. 不光是祖父母在那里，就連姑姑、叔叔也在那里。

substantial的意思是“數(shù)目大的，可觀的”。如：

Their contribution to the project was substantial. 他們?yōu)樵擁?xiàng)目作了大量的貢獻(xiàn)。

associate sb./sth. with的意思是“將某人（某事物）聯(lián)系起來(lái)，在頭腦中聯(lián)想”。如：

I always associated him with whisky. 我總是由他聯(lián)想到威士忌。

be responsible for的意思是“對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)，歸咎于……”。如：

Smoking is responsible for many cases of hung cancer. 吸煙是很多人患肺癌的致病因素。