英語(yǔ)四級(jí)難度提升閱讀訓(xùn)練 Text 7

Text 7

The United States is a country made up of many different races. Usually they are mixed together and can't be told from one another. But many of them still talk about where their ancestors came from. It is something they are proud of.

The original Americans, of course were the Indians. The so-called white men who then came were mostly from England. But many came from other countries like Germany and France.

One problem the United States has always had is discrimination. As new groups came to the United States they found they were discriminated against. First it was the Irish and Italians. Later it was the blacks. Almost every group has been able to finally escape this discrimination. The only immigrants who have not are the blacks. Surprisingly enough the worst discrimination today is shown towards the Indians.

One reason the Indians are discriminated against is that they have tried so hard to keep their identity. Of course they are not the only ones who have done so. The Japanese have their Little Tokyo in Los Angeles and the Chinese a China town in New York. The Dutch settlement in Pennsylvania also stays separate from other people. Their towns are like something from the 19th century. They have a different reason from the other groups for staying separately. They live separately for religious reasons rather than keep together in a racial group.

Although some groups have kept themselves separate and others have been discriminated against, all groups have helped make the United States a great county. There is no group that has not helped in some way. And there is no group that can say they have done the most to make it a great country.

Many people still come from other countries to help the United States grow. A good example is the American project that let a man walk on the moon. It was a scientist from Germany who was most responsible for doing that. It is certain that in the future the United States will still need the help of people from all racial groups to remain a great country.

1.Which of the following statements can best describe the main idea of this passage?

A.The United States is a country made up of many different races.

B.Discrimination is the most serious problem in the United States.

C.All races in the United States have helped make the country a great one.

D.The prosperity of the United States is mainly due to the hard work of the most discriminated races.

2.In the first paragraph the word "told" means_______.

A.separated　B.distinguished　C.revealed　D.made known

3.This passage implies that discrimination is a problem which_______.

A.many races in the United States have experienced

B.will still be very serious in the United States in the future

C.has already been solved in the United States

D.is strongly opposed by many different races in the United States

4.The main reason why the Indians are most discriminated against is that_______.

A.they have tried hard to keep their religions

B.they have tried hard to live together to keep their Indian customs

C.they are the only ones who have tried to keep their identity

D.they discriminate many other races

5.The Dutch live separately in Pennsylvania_______.

A.to escape discrimination　　　　　　B.to keep together in a racial group

C.to enjoy themselves in their own towns　D.for religious reasons

長(zhǎng)難例句分析

［長(zhǎng)難例句］One reason the Indians are discriminated against is that they have tried so hard to keep their identity.

［結(jié)構(gòu)分析］本句的主干是one reason is..., the Indians are discriminated against，前面省略了關(guān)系代詞that，作為主語(yǔ)one reason的后置定語(yǔ)從句。is后面接的是表語(yǔ)從句，這個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是 they...tried to keep...。

［參考譯文］印第安人盡了很大努力保持自己的特性，是他們受到歧視的一個(gè)原因。

［長(zhǎng)難例句］It is certain that in the future the United States will still need the help of people from all racial groups to remain a great country.

［結(jié)構(gòu)分析］本句的主干是It is certain that...the United States will still need...to...。真正的主語(yǔ)是由that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，it只是形式主語(yǔ)。to remain a great country主語(yǔ)從句中作目的狀語(yǔ)。

［參考譯文］當(dāng)然，美國(guó)在未來(lái)將仍然需要來(lái)自不同種族的人幫助美國(guó)繼續(xù)保持繁榮富強(qiáng)。

全文參考譯文

美國(guó)是一個(gè)由眾多不同種族構(gòu)成的國(guó)家。他們通常融合在一起不易區(qū)分。不過(guò)他們中的很多人始終在談?wù)撍麄兊淖嫦葋?lái)自何方。這是他們引以為豪的事情。

印第安人自然是最初的美國(guó)人，以后來(lái)到美國(guó)的所謂的白人大多數(shù)來(lái)自英國(guó)。但也有很多來(lái)自其他的國(guó)家，比如德國(guó)和法國(guó)。

美國(guó)一直以來(lái)存在歧視的問(wèn)題。當(dāng)新的族群來(lái)到美國(guó)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己受到歧視。首先是愛(ài)爾蘭人和意大利人。以后是黑人。差不多每個(gè)族群都能夠最終擺脫歧視。唯一未能做到的是黑人移民。使人驚訝的是印第安人受到了最嚴(yán)重的歧視。

印第安人盡了很大努力保持自己的特性，是他們受到歧視的一個(gè)原因。當(dāng)然他們不是唯一這樣做的族群。日本人在洛杉磯有他們的小東京，中國(guó)人在紐約有唐人街。在賓夕法尼亞州的荷蘭人聚居地也是和其他人分開(kāi)的。他們的小鎮(zhèn)有著一些19世紀(jì)的特色。他們單獨(dú)居住的原因不同于其他的種族。他們分別居住是因?yàn)樽诮潭皇菫榱俗迦旱木劬印?/p>

盡管一些族群分開(kāi)居住，還有一些族群受到歧視。但所有的族群都幫助美國(guó)成為一個(gè)偉大的國(guó)家。每個(gè)族群都以某種方式提供幫助。任何一個(gè)族群都不能說(shuō)，為了美國(guó)的富強(qiáng)他們的功勞最大。

始終有許多不同國(guó)家的人來(lái)幫助美國(guó)成長(zhǎng)。一個(gè)很好的例子就是美國(guó)的登月球計(jì)劃。主要負(fù)責(zé)這個(gè)計(jì)劃的是一位來(lái)自德國(guó)的科學(xué)家。當(dāng)然，美國(guó)未來(lái)仍然需要來(lái)自不同族群的人幫助繼續(xù)保持繁榮富強(qiáng)。

題目答案與解析

1.以下哪項(xiàng)是對(duì)本文中心思想的最好描述？

A.美國(guó)是由許多不同種族構(gòu)成的。

B.歧視是美國(guó)最嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。

C.所有的種族都為美國(guó)成為一個(gè)偉大國(guó)家作出了貢獻(xiàn)。

D.美國(guó)的繁榮主要來(lái)于大多數(shù)受歧視族群的努力工作。

【答案】C

【解析】本題可參照文章的第五段。從中可知，美國(guó)所有的族群都為建設(shè)美國(guó)作出了貢獻(xiàn)，體現(xiàn)了文章的中心思想，因此C項(xiàng)為正確答案。

2.第一段中單詞“told”的意思是________。

A.分離　　B.區(qū)別　　C.揭示　　D.讓……知道

【答案】B

【解析】文中原句是“Usually they are mixed together and can't be told from one another.” told是tell的過(guò)去分詞，常與can, could, be able to連用，意為“辨別，分辨，認(rèn)出”。因此B項(xiàng)為正確答案。

3.本篇文章暗示，歧視是一個(gè)_______的問(wèn)題。

A.美國(guó)許多種族都經(jīng)歷過(guò)　B.在美國(guó)將來(lái)仍然會(huì)十分嚴(yán)重

C.在美國(guó)已經(jīng)解決了　　　D.在美國(guó)被許多不同種族強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)

【答案】A

【解析】本題的依據(jù)是文中第三段的“As new groups came to the United States they found they were discriminated against. First...Later...Almost every group has been able to finally escape this discrimination.”因此A項(xiàng)是正確答案。

4.印第安人最受歧視的主要原因是，________。

A.他們努力試圖保持自己的宗教信仰

B.他們努力試圖住在一起并保持他們印第安的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣

C.他們是唯一試圖保持自己特點(diǎn)的人

D.他們歧視許多其他種族

【答案】B

【解析】本題的依據(jù)是第四段的第一、第二句話“One reason the Indians are discriminated against is that they have tried so hard to keep their identity”，從中可知B項(xiàng)為正確答案。

5.住在賓州的荷蘭人自成一體是________。

A.為了逃避歧視　　　　　　　　　　B.為了在種族團(tuán)體中住在一起

C.因?yàn)橄矚g住在他們自己的城鎮(zhèn)里　　D.出于宗教原因

【答案】D

【解析】本題的依據(jù)是第四段的最后一句話“They live separately for religious reasons rather than keep together in a racial group”，從中可知，荷蘭人自成一體是出于宗教的原因，因此D項(xiàng)為正確答案。