2022年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀真題以及答案（二）

英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀真題，不僅強(qiáng)化詞匯與句型理解，更提升閱讀速度與綜合分析能力。實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練，讓考生熟悉題型變化，掌握解題技巧，是沖刺六級(jí)高分不可或缺的寶貴資源。今天，小編將分享2022年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀真題以及答案（卷二）相關(guān)內(nèi)容，希望能為大家提供幫助！

Section A

Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given ina word bank following the passage.Read the passage throngh carefully before making your choices,Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any ofthe words inthe bank more tham once.

Thinking kind thoughts about yourself and your loved ones can prove beneficial for your overall well being,empirical evidence has shown.Researchers carried out an investigation to explore the  26  between having kind thoughts and a person's psychological state.

For the study,five groups of participants were presented with a different set of audio instructions,some of which encouraged the participants to think  27  about themselves and others which persuaded them to think in a self-critical manner.After listening to the audio instructions,the participants were asked to answer a series of questions.These included whether they felt agitated,how likely they were to show kindness to themselves and how  28  they feltto other individuals.

The participants who were instructed to think kindly about themselves were more likely to exhibit a bodily response associated with being relaxed and feeling safe.Their heart rates also dropped,which is a healthy sign of a heart that can respond flexibly to situations.Yet,  29  ,those who listened to the critical audio clips were noted as having a higher heart rate and sweat response afterwards,both of which  30  feelings of threat and distress.

Having the ability toswitch off the body's natural threat response can  31  a person's immune system.This,in turn,gives them a greater likelihood of recovering quickly from illness.These findings help us to further understand some of our clinical trials research findings,where we show that individuals with  32  depression benefit particularly from self-awareness-based  33  therapy.They essentially learn to become more sympathetic to themseves.

The sense is that for people  34  to depression,meeting their negative thoughts and feelings with  35  is a radically different way;that these thoughts are not facts.It introduces a different way of being and knowing that is quite transformativefor many people.

A)adversely

B)amiably

C)boost

D)cognitive

E)compassion

F)connected

G)correlation

H)fascinated

I)indignantly

J)insulation

K)lavish

L)prone

M)recurrent

N)signify

O)surpass

Section B

Directions:In this section,you are going to read a passage with tenstatementsattached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraphis marked with a leter.Answer the questionsby marking the corresponding leter on Answer Sheet 2.

Saving Our Planet

A)In the long view,the human relationship with forests has been one of brutal destruction,but even it carries elements of slow hope.In the Middle Ages,there was no shortage of timber in most parts of the world,and few sawcutting down forests as a problem.Yet in 1548 the peopleof Venice estimated that an important timber supply would last only 30 years at their current rate of usage—but different forest management would make it possible to meet the demand for many centuries to come.The idea of preserving resources came out of a concern forthe future:a fear of usingup resources faster than they could be replenished(補(bǔ)充).

B)Economic interests were at the core of this understanding of trees and forests.It would take more than three centuries before scientists began to understand that timber production is not the only,and possibly not the most important,function offorests.The late 19th and early 20th century saw an increasing recognition that forests serve as habitats for countless animal and plant species that all rely on each other.They take over protective functions against soil erosion and landslides(塌方);they make a significant contribution to the water balance as they prevent surface runoff;they filter dirt particles,greenhouse gases and radioactive substances from the air;they produce oxygen;they provide spaces for recreation and they preserve historic and prehistoric remains.As a result,forests around the world have been set aside as parks or wilderness areas.

C)Recent years haveseen abig change in our view of forests.Peter Wohlleben's book The Hidden Life of Trees (2015),an international bestseller,suggests that trees can warn each other of danger through a“wood wide web”of roots and fingi(真菌).They support each other through sharingof nutrients and information,and they even keep ancient stumps alive by feeding them solutions of sugars.Such insights have made us aware of deep ecological relationships between humans and the more-than-human world.

D)Awareness of ecologies is a recent phenomenon.It was not until the 1940s that the concept of the“environment”embracing all living and nonliving things developed.In the 1970s,the term“environment”gained currency,becoming widely adopted in the English and Romance languages,and as“Umwelt”(“surrounding world”)in German.The emergence of the idea led to the rise of environmental agencies,regulations and environmental studies,and to environmental science as new,integrated academic disciplines.It was in 1956 that the very first  bachelor of science in environmental studies was awarded,at the State University of New York College of Forestry at Syracuse.Since the 1970s—with the rise of “environmentalism”—environmental studies programmes have sprungup at hundreds of universities.There is (slow)hope in the fact that scholars from many different disciplines have adopted the term “environment”over the past decades.They are exploring intricate connections within and between complex ecologies,as well as the impact that human environment-making (through techno-industrial,economic and other manipulative developments)has had on the biosphere.

E)The rise of the idea of the environment and a scholarly understanding of ecological processes has influenced new technologies and also politics.We have come to ask questions about vulnerability and risk,world ecologies,and the relationship between nature and power.The search for an adequate response to climate change occupies centre stage in international diplomacy.

F)Social and environmental activists,scientists and indigenous groups have called the Paris Agreement of the United Nations Climate Change Conference in December 2015 insufficient,weak,or compromised.To some extent,they are right:climate changehas already destroyed tens of thousands of livelihoods,and the situation will worsen in the near future for millions of mostly poorer people,who wll join the ranks of those who have already been  displaced by climate change and extreme weather events.But the Paris Conference nevertheless marked a historic step toward the recognition of theneed for action on climate change,the cutting of carbon emissions,and world cooperation.There were 195 nations that came to the table in Paris and agreed to limits on emissions. Historically,nothing comparable had happened prior to this.Before the 20th century,a handful of scientists had been interested in the theoretical relationship between greenhouse gases and climate change,but only the empirical evidence accumulated since the late 20th century established a clear connection between the burning of fossil fuels and a vastly accelerated rise in global temperatures.

G)The current crisis is not the first that humans have encountered,and a look at the struggles with pollution in recent history reveals transformations that once seemed unimaginable.The“London fog”that came to define the capital through British novels and thrillers is in reality smog or smoke,a legacy of industrialisation.After a century of ignorance,London was hit by the Great Smog of December 1952—the worst air-pollution event in the history of the United Kingdom which caused the deaths of approximately 12,000 people.Shortly thereafter,public initiatives and political campaigns led to strict regulations and new laws,including the Clean Air Act(1956).Today,London has effectively reduced traffic emissions throughthe introduction of a Congestion Charge Zone in 2003,and an Ultra Low Emission Zone in 2019.

H)Scientific evidence that we are living in an era of climate change,resource exhaustion and potential ecological disaster is overwhelming.How do we motivate a public exhausted by never-ending scenarios of doom and disaster,when the challenges seem so huge and so impossible to solve?Statistics about extinction and the gloom of decline will not in themselves get usout of our often self-created ecological traps:instead,they are more likely to result in paralysis and inaction.

I)Weneedstories and histories of change and transformation:ecologicalstories that make us confront the fact that human power is potentially destructive,and that the survival of our species on this planet dependson the preservation of soil andwater,and the habitats and ecological systems.

J)It is time that we showed successes and accelerations in ecological awareness,action and restoration:stories that include past successes and future visions about the rise of urban gardening and of renaturalised riverscapes,of successful protests against polluted airand water,of the rise of regional markets and slow food,and theplanting of trees around the globe,of initiatives and enterprises that work towards ecological restoration. The reality of ecological curses seems far greater than the power of the hopes left at the bottom of Pandora's box.But if we believe that nothing can be changed,then we are giving up our opportunity to act.

K)Today's saving powers will not come from a dens exmachina(解圍之神).In an ever-more complex and synthetic world,our saving powers won't come from a sngle source,and certainly not from a too-big-to-fail approach or  from those who have been drawn into the whirlpool of our age of speed.Hope can work as a wakeup call.It acknowledges setbacks.The concept of slow hope suggests that we can't expect things to change overnight.If the ever-faster exhaustion of natural resources (in ecological terms)and the “shrinking of the present”(in social terms)are urgent problems of humans,then cutting down on exhaustive practices and working towards a “stretching of the present"will beways to move forward.

36.Climate change has wrought havoc on the livesof tens of thousands of people.

37.It took scientists a long time to realise that the function of forests goes far beyond providing humans with timber.

38.There isabundant evidence that weare now facing a possible ecological disaster.

39.Environmental science became academic disciplines only some sixty years ago.

40.Things cannot change overnight,but reducing the consumption of natural resources will help solve the ecological crisis.

41.Human perception of forests has undergone a tremendous change in the past years.

42.Recent history shows reduction of pollution,once seemingly impossible,can actually be accomplished.

43.People began to consider preserving natural resources when they feared they would have nothing to use in the future.

44.If we doubt our ability to reverse ecological deterioration,we are throwing away the chance to takeaction.

45.How to respond effectively to climate change has become the focus of international diplomacy.

Section C

Directions :There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Since American idol star Taryn Southern started composing music with AI in 2017, musicians all over the world have begun wondering about the implications of AI and modern technology where music production is concerned.Using AIin the creation of music isperceived by some as a helpful tool andby others as almost“the  beginning of the end”

In Taryn's case,AI software enabled her to communicate melodies and chords that she didn'tknow howto put together herself.The end product was therefore a collaborative effort,rather than a piece entirely produced by technology.Taryn's story has a distincly positive feel that highlights the advantages of using AI in music production.It can serve as a source of inspiration,and as an ideal jumping-off point should a musician be hit with writer's block(文思枯竭).

Contrary to seeing AI as a tool,some musicians consider it to be hugely detrimental to the music scene.At the moment,because such technology is still so young,the music it's producing is not necessarily what we want to hear.In short,it's not of great quality.Those who have produced their own music,or even fans of authentic,artistic music,will also argue that a computer could never emulate the work(and human touch)of a  true musician.

Music has been an integral part of the story of humans for ages;in fact,the first known piece of music is believed tobe around 3,400 years old.Songs have long been used as a means of communicating messages and folk stories,covering everything from societal ethics to world history.Since many people see music as such an inherently human expression,it is often consideredas too precious to impart to technology.The thought of a computer generating a “random”piece of music that hasn'tbeen painstakingly created by an artist is almost  seen as sacrilegious(褻瀆神圣的).

Regardless of which side of the argument you fall on,it seems likely that the use of AI in music production will only become more frequent.Our modern world is preoccupied with technological advancements.Instead of shying away from the idea of this bleak future,the best approach to take is one of optimism and curiosity.While there are always boundto be stubborn old-school musicians who refuse to use tech,music producers should consider AI as something to be embraced.AI music software is still very much in its infancy,but with more investors interested in the development and outcomes of such technology,and considering the rapid growth rate of other tech advances in recent years,it's only a matter of time before AI-produced music isseen as the new norm.

46.How do some musicians perceive using Al in creating music?

A)It would help to produce more music idols.

B)It would be detrimental to music production.

C)It would hinder the understanding of authentic music.

D)It would be the beginning of a new era in music creation.

47.What does Taryn Southern'sstory illustrate?

A)AI technology is conducive tomusic composition.

B)Musicians wll be unable to create music without high tech.

C)Musicians are often at their wits,end in their creative effort.

D)AI technology is indispensable to creating melodies and chords.

48.Why are some musicians opposed to the use of AI in creating music?

A)Music produced with AI technology lacks humanness.

B)Music created with AI technology is easily emulated.

C)It will depreciate humans'role in music composition.

D)It will deplete young musicians,creative inspiration.

49.Why do many people think music is too precious to impart to AI technology?

A)It cannot be created without pains. 

B)It cannot be produced at random.

C)It is part of human life

D)It is human specific.

50.What does the author think of the future of AI music?

A)It will continue to arouse the interest of music investors.

B)It has the prospect of becoming the norm in the future.

C)It will be gradually accepted by old-school musicians.

D)It may eventually lose its freshness and appeal.

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 arebased on the following passage.

A few weeks ago,a well-meaning professor tried to explain the physiological process behind viruses and the human body in a tweet andwas immediately criticized for a mistake in his information.He then issued an apology and deleted his erroneous tweet.

Communicating science beyond the academic bubble is necessary to augmenting public understanding of health and environmental issues and helping individuals make well-informed personal decisions.

However,scientists who engage in science communication must acknowledge that even in their area,their expertise is deep but narrow.They need to recognize the constraints in their own knowledge.That is not to suggest that they only write or present on their own research,butrather,that they consult with an expert if the topic is outside of their discipline.

Fact-checking with a scientist who works in the specialty will prevent the unintentional spread of misinformation,and the process of doing so may yield tiny pieces of interesting new information that can be  incorporated.

Some have argued that the public is not educated enough to understand scientific information,especially for any complex phenomena,but this is absurd.Science instruction can be found at all levels of public education with most secondary schools offering classes on biology,physics,and chemistry.If anything,social media has shown that the public craves knowledge based on a solid scientific foundation.Even the public discourse that follows most scientific articles shows that online readers can understand even the most baffling of scientific principles.

It is equally imperative to emphasize that being an expert on a topic does not automatically make a scholar qualified to communicate it to a nonscientific audience.A number of scientists recently have been offering public-aimed explanations of scientific phenomena.Even though they have appropriate credentials,they often do very litle in the way of explaining.One biologist shared an intricate analogy involving a library,books, paper,a recipe,ingredients,and a cake to explain the process behind vaccines.Any explanation that requires a written key to keep track of what each item represents is not a clear example for public consumption.

Science communication is a science in and of itself.It requires rigorous training and instruction.A scientist should take communication courses that can teach aperson how to identify and eliminate jargon and how to develop effective analogies to explain complex concepts.One cannot assume communication expertise-imagine if someone just decided that they were a physicist and started trying to contribute to the field without the necessary background.Doing a poor job communicating science to the public will only create confusion and widen the gap  between science and society,a gap that scientists are trying to close.

51.What does the author say about communicating science to the general public?

A)It will help them to keep abreast of the latest scientific developments.

B)It is a necessary means to improve their understanding of scientific issues.

C)It will get them more involved in academic debates on environmental problems.

D)It is an effective way to augment scientists'influence beyond the academic circle.

52.What does the author advise scientists do to deal with topics outside of their specialty?

A)Write or present on them from new angles.

B)Utilize information from diverse sources. 

C)Turnto a specialist for professional help.

D)Fact-check with colleagues in their feld.

53.What does the author say wecan learn from social media?

A)A solid academic foundation is essential to understanding bafling scientific principles.

B)Modern technology has facilitated communication between scientists and the public.

C)Scientific articles havegained increasing popularity among the general public.

D)Thepublic's understanding of science is much better than some have claimed.

54.What does theexample of the biologist who shared an intricate analogy show?

A)It is helpful to use illustrations in explaining scientific phenomena.

B)It is imperativeto have appropriatetitles to explain scientific issues.

C)A learned scholar isnot necessarily a qualified science communicator. 

D)A nonscientific audience cannot duly understand principles of science.

55.What does the author suggest scientists do toclose the gap between scienceand society?

A)Explain complex concepts scientifically.  

B)Make appropriateuse of scientific terms. 

C)Take courses in public speaking.

D)Develop communication skills.

26.G)【語(yǔ)義判斷】空格后面是介詞短語(yǔ)between having kind thoughts and a person's psychological state,由此可以推斷空格處詞義應(yīng)為“相互關(guān)系”,故名詞G)correlation為答案。

27.B)【語(yǔ)義判斷】空格所在句意思是“研究人員向五組參與者提供了一套不同的音頻指示，其中一些鼓勵(lì)參與者友好地看待自己，另一些則說(shuō)服他們以自我批評(píng)的方式進(jìn)行思考”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)義，空格處所填詞應(yīng)該與think in a self-critical manner“以自我批評(píng)的方式進(jìn)行思考”語(yǔ)義相對(duì)，由此確定副詞B)amiably“友好地，親切地”為答案。 

28.F)【語(yǔ)義判斷】空格所在句意思是“這些問(wèn)題包括他們是否感到焦慮，他們對(duì)自己表現(xiàn)出友好的可能性有多大，以及他們和他人是如何關(guān)聯(lián)的”。由此確定F)connected“相關(guān)的，關(guān)聯(lián)的”為答案。 

29.A)【語(yǔ)義判斷】空格所在句描述的是收聽批判性音頻片段的參與者的情況，這兩種參與者應(yīng)該是有不同反應(yīng)的。A)adversely“相反地”符合句意，故為答案。

30.N)【語(yǔ)義判斷】本句意思是“聽了批判性音頻片段的人被發(fā)現(xiàn)心率加快，并在隨后出現(xiàn)出汗反應(yīng)，這兩種反應(yīng)都意味著威脅和痛苦的感覺(jué)。”故N)signify“意味著”為答案。 

31.C)【語(yǔ)義判斷】boost a person'simmune system意思是“增強(qiáng)一個(gè)人的免疫系統(tǒng)”,C)boost“推動(dòng)，促進(jìn)”符合句意，故為答案。

32.M)【語(yǔ)義判斷】本句意思是“這些發(fā)現(xiàn)幫助我們進(jìn)一步理解一些臨床試驗(yàn)研究結(jié)果，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，_____抑郁癥患者尤其受益于基于自我意識(shí)的_____療法。"M)recurrent“重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的；一再發(fā)生的”符合語(yǔ)境，故為答案。 

33.D)【語(yǔ)義判斷】cognitive therapy是一個(gè)專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)， 意思是“認(rèn)知療法”,符合語(yǔ)境，故D)cognitive為答案。

34.L)【語(yǔ)義判斷】前文提到患抑郁癥的人，推測(cè)這里也是指容易抑郁的人，people prone to depression意思是“容易抑郁的人”,L)prone符合語(yǔ)境，故為答案。

35.E)【語(yǔ)義判斷】上一段提到復(fù)發(fā)性抑郁癥患者受益于基于自我意識(shí)的認(rèn)知療法，他們本質(zhì)上學(xué)會(huì)了對(duì)自己更加同情，空格所在句進(jìn)一步解釋了這種現(xiàn)象，可知空格處所填詞與上文的sympathetic意思 一致，E)compassion“同情”符合語(yǔ)境，故為答案。

36.【定位】由題干中的wrought havoc和the lives of tens of thousands of people定位到文章F)段第二句。

F)【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。F)段定位句提到，氣候變化已經(jīng)摧毀了數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)的人的生計(jì)，而且在不久的將來(lái)，這種狀況將惡化，數(shù)百萬(wàn)人(其中大部分是窮人)將加入那些已經(jīng)因氣候變化和極端天氣事件而流離失所的人的行列。題干中的wrought havoc對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的destroyed,題干中的the lives oftens of thousands ofpeople是對(duì)原文中tensof thousands of livelihoods的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為F)。

37.【定位】由題干中的scientists、function of forests 和 providing humanswith timber定位到B)段第二句。

B)【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。B)段定位句指出，過(guò)了三個(gè)多世紀(jì)，科學(xué)家們才開始認(rèn)識(shí)到提供木材不是森 林的唯一功能，也可能不是它最重要的功能。題干中的“took...a long time”是對(duì)原文中 would take more than three centuries的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，題干中的functionof forests直接對(duì)應(yīng)原文內(nèi)容，題干 中的goes far beyond對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的not the only,and possibly not the most important,題干中的 providing humans with timber對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的timber production,故答案為B)。

38.【定位】由題干中的evidence和possible ecological disaster定位到文章H)段第一句。

H)【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。H)段定位句提到，大量的科學(xué)證據(jù)表明，我們正生活在一個(gè)氣侯變化、資源枯竭并可能面臨生態(tài)災(zāi)難的時(shí)代。題干中的abundant evidence是對(duì)原文中“Scientific evidence that.is overwhelming”的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，題干中的possible ecological disaster對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的potential ecological disaster,故答案為H)。

39.【定位】由題干中的environmental science和 academic disciplines定位到D)段第四、五句。

D)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。D)段定位句提到，“環(huán)境”這一概念的出現(xiàn)導(dǎo)致了環(huán)保機(jī)構(gòu)、法規(guī)和環(huán)境研究的興起，并使環(huán)境科學(xué)成為新的、綜合的學(xué)術(shù)學(xué)科。1956年，位于錫拉丘茲的紐約州立大學(xué)林業(yè)學(xué)院授予了第一個(gè)環(huán)境研究的理學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位。題干中的environmental science和academic disciplines 直接對(duì)應(yīng)原文內(nèi)容，由it was in 1956 that the very first bachelor of science in environmental studies was awarded可知，環(huán)境科學(xué)成為學(xué)術(shù)學(xué)科至今差不多有六十幾年，題干中some sixty years ago與此對(duì)應(yīng)，故答案為D)。

40.【定位】由題干中的overnight和reducing the consumption of natural resources定位到文章K)段最后兩句。

K)【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。K)段定位句提到，“緩慢的 希望”這一概念表明，我們不能期望事情在一夜之間改變。如果自然資源枯竭的速度加快(生態(tài)方面)和“當(dāng)下的萎縮”(社會(huì)方面)是人類面臨的緊迫問(wèn)題，那么減少竭盡資源的做法和努力實(shí)現(xiàn)“當(dāng)下的延伸”將是向前發(fā)展的方法。題干中的things cannot change overnight是對(duì)原文中we can't expect things to change overnight的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，題干中的reducing the consumption of natural resources是對(duì)原文中cutting down on exhaustive  practices的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，題干中的will help solve the ecological crisis是對(duì)原文中will be ways to move forward的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為K)。

41.【定位】由題干中的human perception of forests和a tremendous change定位到C)段第一句。

C)【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。C)段定位句指出，近年來(lái)，人們對(duì)森林的看法發(fā)生了很大變化。題干中的in the past years是對(duì)原文中recent years的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，題干中的a tremendous change是原文中的a big change的同義表達(dá)，題干中的human  perception of forests對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的our view of forests,故答案為C)。

42.【定位】由題干中的recent history和once seemingly imposible定位到文章G)段第一句。

G)【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。G)段定位句指出，當(dāng)前的危機(jī)并不是人類第一次遇到的危機(jī)，縱觀近年來(lái)與 污染的斗爭(zhēng)，我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一些曾經(jīng)看起來(lái)難以想象的變化。由此可知，題干是對(duì)G)段定位句的歸納概括。題干中的recent history直接對(duì)應(yīng)原文內(nèi)容，題干中的reduction of pollution對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的 struggles with pollution,題干中的once seemingly impossible是對(duì)原文中once seemed unimaginable的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為G)。

43.【定位】由題干中的preserving natural resources和have nothing to use in the future定位到文章A)段最后一句。

A)【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。A)段定位句指出，保護(hù)資源 的想法來(lái)自于人們對(duì)未來(lái)的擔(dān)憂：人們擔(dān)心消耗資源的速度超過(guò)它們的補(bǔ)充速度。題干中的considerpreserving natural resources對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的the idea of preserving resources，題干中的when they feared they would have nothing to use in the future是對(duì)原文中 a fear of using up rcsources faster than they could bereplenished的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為A)。

44.【定位】由題干中的doubt our ability和throwing away the chance to take action定位到文章J)段最后一句。

J)【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。J)段定位句指出，如果我們相信一切都無(wú)法改變，那么我們就是在放棄行動(dòng)的機(jī)會(huì)。題干中的“doubt our ability to...”對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的believe that nothing can be changed,題干中的throwing away the chance to take action是對(duì)原文中g(shù)iving up our opportunity to act的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為J)。

45.【定位】由題干中的respond effectivelyto climate change和international diplomacy定位到文章E)段最后一句。

E)【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。E)段定位句指出，尋求對(duì)氣候變化做出適當(dāng)回應(yīng)成了國(guó)際外交的中心。題干中的how to respond effectively to climate change對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的the search for an adequate response toclimate change,題干中的become the focus是對(duì)原文occupies centre stage的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，題干中的international diplomacy直接對(duì)應(yīng)原文內(nèi)容，故答案為E)。

46.【定位】由題干中的some musicians perceive using AI in creatingmusic定位到第一段第二句和第三段第一句。

B)【精析】推理判斷題。文章第一段第二句提到，有些人認(rèn)為人工智能在音樂(lè)創(chuàng)作中是一種很有用的工具，有些人則認(rèn)為這幾乎是“終結(jié)的開始”,說(shuō)明他們認(rèn)為人工智能技術(shù)不利于音樂(lè)創(chuàng)作：此外，第三段第一句也提到，一些音樂(lè)家認(rèn)為人工智能對(duì)音樂(lè)領(lǐng)域有極大的危害，故答案為B)。

47.【定位】由題干中的Taryn Southern's story定位到第二段。

A)【精析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第二段第一句提到，人工智能軟件的使用使塔琳能夠傳達(dá)出自己不知道該如何組合的旋律以及和弦，第三句進(jìn)而指出，這突出了在音樂(lè)創(chuàng)作中使用人工智能的優(yōu)勢(shì)：它既可以作為靈感的來(lái)源，又可以充當(dāng)音樂(lè)家文思枯竭時(shí)的一個(gè)理想跳板，因此這個(gè)故事說(shuō)明該技術(shù)有利于音樂(lè)創(chuàng)作。故答案為A)。

48.【定位】由題干中的some musiciansopposed to the use of AI in creating music定位到第三段。

A)【精析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第三段最后一句指出，那些自己創(chuàng)作過(guò)音樂(lè)的人，甚至是那些原創(chuàng)藝術(shù)音樂(lè)的愛(ài)好者也會(huì)認(rèn)為電腦永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法模仿真正音樂(lè)家的作品(以及人情味),說(shuō)明他們認(rèn)為使用人工智能技術(shù)創(chuàng)作的音樂(lè)缺乏人性的內(nèi)涵，故答案為A)。

49.【定位】由題干中的too precious和 impart to AI technology定位到第四段第三句。

D)【精析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第四段第三句提到，許多人將音樂(lè)視為人類固有的表達(dá)方式，因此常常覺(jué)得它太過(guò)珍貴，無(wú)法由技術(shù)創(chuàng)作完成，說(shuō)明原因在于音樂(lè)是人類特有的，故答案為D)。

50.【定位】由題干中的the future of AI music定位到 最后一段。

B)【精析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。最后一段最后一句指出，越來(lái)越多的投資者對(duì)這種技術(shù)的發(fā)展和成果產(chǎn)生興趣，加之近年來(lái)其他技術(shù)飛速進(jìn)步，利用人工智能創(chuàng)作音樂(lè)成為新常態(tài)只是時(shí)間問(wèn)題，說(shuō)明未來(lái)是有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的，故答案為B)。

51.【定位】由題干中的communicating science和the general public定位到第二段。

B)【精析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第二段獨(dú)句成段，強(qiáng)調(diào)了向?qū)W術(shù)圈之外，也就是普通大眾傳播科學(xué)信息的必要性，指出這樣做能夠增強(qiáng)公眾對(duì)健康和環(huán)境問(wèn)題的理解，幫助人們做出明智的個(gè)人決策，可知作者認(rèn)為向公眾傳播科學(xué)信息可以提高大家對(duì)科學(xué)問(wèn)題的理解，故答案為B)。

52.【定位】由題干中的outside of their specialty定位到第三段第三句。

C)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段第三句對(duì)科學(xué)家們提出建議，即如果探討的話題超出了他們的學(xué)科范圍，他們應(yīng)該咨詢相關(guān)的專家，C)項(xiàng)是對(duì)定位句后半部分的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為C)。

53.【定位】由題干中的social media定位到第四段最后兩句。

D)【精析】推理判斷題。作者在定位部分提到從社交媒體得到的兩點(diǎn)發(fā)現(xiàn)：一是公眾渴望基于堅(jiān)實(shí)科學(xué)基礎(chǔ)的知識(shí)；二是一些在線讀者甚至可以理解最令人困惑的科學(xué)原理；而本段開頭提到，一些人認(rèn)為公眾無(wú)法理解科學(xué)信息，特別是關(guān)于任何復(fù)雜現(xiàn)象的信息，由此可以推知，社交媒體所體現(xiàn)的公眾對(duì)于科學(xué)知識(shí)的理解力超出某些人的預(yù)估，故答案為D)。

54.【定位】由題干中的the biologist 和shared an intricate analogy定位到第五段倒數(shù)第二句。

C)【精析】推理判斷題。定位句提到，一位生物學(xué)家分享了一個(gè)復(fù)雜的類比，涉及圖書館、書籍、紙張、食譜、配料和蛋糕，來(lái)解釋疫苗背后的過(guò)程。而作者在隨后一句評(píng)論說(shuō)，任何解釋，如果需要書面圖例來(lái)記錄每個(gè)條目所代表的內(nèi)容，那就不是適合公眾了解的清晰范例，可見(jiàn)作者認(rèn)為這位生物學(xué)家的方式是不恰當(dāng)?shù)模⒉皇且晃缓细竦目茖W(xué)傳播者，這呼應(yīng)了定位句所在段落開頭提出的觀點(diǎn)，故答案為C)。

55.【定位】由題干中的the author suggest和close the gap 定位到最后一段最后一句。

D)【精析】推理判斷題。最后一段最后一句指出，科學(xué)家們一直試圖彌合科學(xué)界與社會(huì)之間的差距，而如果在向公眾傳播科學(xué)方面做得不好，只會(huì)造成混亂，擴(kuò)大這一差距，而該段第二、三句提到了做好科學(xué)傳播的方法，建議科學(xué)家們接受嚴(yán)格的培訓(xùn)和指導(dǎo)，學(xué)習(xí)傳播方面的課程，可見(jiàn)作者認(rèn)為他們應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)傳播技巧，故答案為D)。