英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯每日一練 356

請(qǐng)將下面這段話翻譯成英文：

京劇
京劇(Peking Opera)已有200多年的歷史，是中國(guó)的國(guó)劇。與其他地方戲相比，京劇享有更高的聲譽(yù)，但其實(shí)京劇融合了多種地方戲的元素。京劇演員的臉譜（facial makeup)和戲服都很精美，相形之下布景則顯得十分簡(jiǎn)單。京劇表演者主要應(yīng)用四種技能：唱、念、做、打。在古代，京劇大多是在戶外演出的，因此演員們形成了一種極具穿透力的唱腔，以便每個(gè)人都能聽(tīng)到。

參考翻譯:

Peking Opera
Peking Opera, as the national opera of China, has a history of more than 200 years. Compared with other Chinese local operas, Peking Opera enjoys a higher reputation; but actually it absorbs many elements of other local operas. The facial makeups and costumes of the performers are usually very delicate;by contrast, the backdrops are quite plain. During the performance, the performers mainly utilize four skills: singing, speaking, acting and acrobatic fighting. In ancient times, Peking Opera was mostly performed in the open air, so the performers developed a piercing style of singing that could be heard by everyone.

1.享有更高的聲譽(yù):應(yīng)翻譯為enjoy a higher reputation。
2.融合:這里指借鑒和吸取之義，故譯為absorb。
3.相形之下:譯為短語(yǔ)by contrast。這類表示邏輯關(guān)系的表達(dá)易成為采分點(diǎn)，不要遺漏。
4.布景:譯為backdrop最為貼切，如果不知道這個(gè)詞，用background也可。
5.唱、念、做、打:要對(duì)京劇的這四種技能有所了解，不然很容易翻譯錯(cuò)誤，京劇中，唱指歌唱；念指具有音樂(lè)性的念白；做指舞蹈化的形體動(dòng)作；打指武打和翻跌的技藝；故“唱、念、做、打”即可譯為singing，speaking, acting and acrobatic fighting。
6.在戶外:有固定表達(dá)in the open air。
7.形成了一種極具穿透力的唱腔:“形成”這里指逐步形成，故譯為 develop,而不用shape或form?！熬叽┩噶Φ摹弊g為piercing; “唱腔” 即“歌唱的風(fēng)格”，譯為style of singing。