15年6月四六級翻譯真題點評(六級篇)
【真題一：待客宴席】
中國傳統(tǒng)的待客之道要求飯菜豐富多樣，讓客人吃不完。中國宴席上典型的菜單包括開席的一套涼菜及其后的熱菜，例如肉類、雞鴨、蔬菜等。大多數(shù)宴席 上，全魚被認為是必不可少的，除非已經(jīng)上過各式海鮮。如今，中國人喜歡把西方特色菜與傳統(tǒng)中式菜肴融于一席，因此牛排上桌也不少見。沙拉也已流行起來，盡 管傳統(tǒng)上中國人一般不吃任何未經(jīng)烹飪的菜肴。宴席通常至少有一道湯，可以最先上或最后上桌。甜點和水果通常標志宴席的結(jié)束。
[點評]
1、詞匯考查：今年這套六級翻譯考查了大量的飲食詞匯，對于吃貨來說，甜點神馬的不是問題。除此之外，還考察的詞匯有，宴席(banquet/feast/dinner party)、雞鴨(poultry)、全魚(whole fish)、海鮮(seafood)。
2、語法考查：因果關(guān)系的考察(因此牛排上桌也不少見)，被動語態(tài)的考察(全魚被認為是必不可少的，除非已經(jīng)上過各式海鮮)，轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的考察(盡管傳統(tǒng)上中國人一般不吃任何未經(jīng)烹飪的菜肴)，無主句翻譯的考察(可以最先上或最后上桌)。
[參考譯文]
In China, variety of foods and dishes is needed in traditional ways of entertaining guests and makes them impossible to finish the dinner. Typical menus of Chinese banquetinclude cold dishes to start and the following hot ones. For example，meat, chicken, duck and vegetables. In most banquets, a whole fish dish is considered indispensable, unless various kinds of seafood have been served. Nowadays, Chinese people tend to mix Western specials with traditional Chinese cuisine. Thus, steak is not rare. Traditionally，although the Chinese do not eat any of theuncooked dishes，salads have also become popular. The banquet usually has at leasta bowl of soup that can be offered as the first or the final dish. Desserts and fruits usually mean the end of the feast.
[相關(guān)詞匯]
待客之道 hospitality
中國宴席 Chinese banquet
菜單 menu
開席 open seats
涼菜 cold dishes
熱菜 hot food
全魚 a whole fish
海鮮 seafood
特色菜 specialty
傳統(tǒng)中式菜肴 traditional Chinese dishes
牛排 the steak
沙拉 salad
烹飪 cooking
甜點 the dessert
【真題二：中國漢朝】
漢朝是中國歷史上最重要的朝代之一。漢朝統(tǒng)治期間有很多顯著的成就。它最先向其他文化敞開大門，對外貿(mào)易興旺。漢朝開拓的絲綢之路通向了中西亞乃至羅 馬。各類藝術(shù)一派繁榮，涌現(xiàn)了很多文學(xué)、歷史、哲學(xué)巨著。公元100年中國第一部字典編撰完成，收入9000個字，提供釋義并列舉不同的寫法。其間，科技 方面也取得了很大進步，發(fā)明了紙張、水鐘、日晷(sundials)以及測量地震的儀器。漢朝歷經(jīng)400年，但統(tǒng)治者的腐敗最終導(dǎo)致了它的滅亡。
[點評]
1、詞匯考查：本篇是六級三套試卷中詞匯考查最側(cè)重的一篇，有朝代(dynasty)，統(tǒng)治(reign)，對外貿(mào)易(foreign trade)，絲綢之路(the Silk Road)，中西亞(the West Asia)，羅馬(Rome)，哲學(xué)(philosophy)，巨著(masterpiece)，編撰(compile)，水鐘(water clock)，測量地震的儀器(earthquake detector)，滅亡(downhill/demise)。
2、語法考查：最高級考察(漢朝是中國歷史上最重要的朝代之一)，同主語分句的翻譯(它最先向其他文化敞開大門，對外貿(mào)易興旺)，并列結(jié)構(gòu)的翻譯(涌現(xiàn)了很多 文學(xué)、歷史、哲學(xué)巨著)，被動語態(tài)(公元100年中國第一部字典編撰完成)，無主句的翻譯(提供釋義并列舉不同的寫法)
[參考譯文]
Han Dynasty was one of the most important dynasties in Chinese history. There were many significant achievements during the Han Dynasty. It was the first to open its doors to other cultures. Foreign trade flourished during this period. The Silk Road initiated by Han Dynasty led all the way to the West Asia and even to Rome. Various forms of art prospered, with the emergence of a lot of literature, history and philosophy masterpieces. 100 A.D. witnessed the completion of the first Chinese dictionary which included 9000 words, providing interpretation and various styles of writing. Meanwhile, technology had also achieved great progress. Paper, water clocks, sundials and earthquake detectors were invented. The reign has lasted for 400 years. However, the corruption of the rulers eventually led to its downfall.
[相關(guān)詞匯]
漢朝 The han dynasty
統(tǒng)治 reign
顯著的 remarkable
對外貿(mào)易 foreign trade
興旺 prosperity
開拓 exploit
絲綢之路 the Silk Road
羅馬 Rome
藝術(shù)流派 schools of art
巨著 monumental work
編撰 compile
釋義 paraphrase
水鐘 water clock
腐朽 decadent
滅亡 doom
【真題三：城市化】
2011年是中國城市化進程中的歷史性時刻，其城市人口首次超過農(nóng)村人口。在未來20年里，預(yù)計約有3.5億農(nóng)村人口將移居到城市。如此規(guī)模的城市發(fā)張對城市交通 來說既是挑戰(zhàn)，也是機遇。中國政府一直提倡“以人為本”的發(fā)張理念。強調(diào)人們以公交而不是私家車出行。它還號召建設(shè)“資源節(jié)約和環(huán)境友好型”社會。有了這 個明確的目標，中國城市就可以更好地規(guī)劃其發(fā)展，并把大量投資轉(zhuǎn)向安全、清潔和經(jīng)濟型交通系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展上。
[點評]
1、詞匯考查：本套試題考查社會發(fā)展和環(huán)境保護方面的詞匯，如資源節(jié)約(resource conservation), 環(huán)境友好(environment-friendly)，安全、清潔和經(jīng)濟型(safe, clean and economical)。
2、語法考查：時態(tài)的考察(將來時)，同主語小句的翻譯(中國城市就可以更好地規(guī)劃其發(fā)展，并把大量投資轉(zhuǎn)向安全、清潔和經(jīng)濟型交通系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展上)，數(shù)字的考察(3.5億)。
[參考譯文]
2011 was a historic moment in the process of urbanization in China as its population exceeded the rural population for the first time. In the next 20 years, about 350 million rural population will move into the city. Such scale of urban development is both a challenge and an opportunity for urban transportation. The Chinese government has always advocated the idea that "people come first". It stresses that people should take buses instead of private cars. It also calls for the construction of "resource-saving and environment-friendly" society. With this clear goal, cities in China can better plan their development and turn a lot of investment to the safe, clean and economic transportation system.
[相關(guān)詞匯]
城市化 urbanization
進程 process
歷史性時刻 a historic moment
城市人口 the urban population
農(nóng)村人口 the rural population
超過 surpass
預(yù)計 it is estimated that
移居城市 move to cities
(大)規(guī)模 large-scale
城市交通 the urban traffic
提倡 advocate
以人為本 people-oriented
強調(diào) emphasize
私家車 private cars
資源節(jié)約和環(huán)境友好型 resource saving and environment friendly
明確的目標 explicit goal
轉(zhuǎn)向 divert
安全、清潔和經(jīng)濟型交通系統(tǒng) safe, clean and economical transportation system
