2016年12月大學(xué)英語六級(jí)翻譯預(yù)測：24節(jié)氣

　　24節(jié)氣(24 solar terms)是統(tǒng)稱，包括 12節(jié)氣(12 majorsolar terms)和 12中氣 (12 minor solar terms),它們彼此之間相互關(guān)聯(lián)。24節(jié)氣反映了天氣變化，指導(dǎo)農(nóng) 業(yè)耕作，也影響著人們的生活。春秋戰(zhàn)國時(shí)期，人們開始使用節(jié)氣作為補(bǔ)充歷法 (calendar)。公元前104年，24節(jié)氣最終確立。眾所周知，中國是個(gè)有著悠久農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā) 展史的國家。農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)受自然規(guī)律影響極大。在古代，農(nóng)民根據(jù)太陽的運(yùn)動(dòng)安排 農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)。24節(jié)氣考慮到了太陽的位置，這就是我們重視它的原因。

　　參考翻譯

　　The 24 solar terms is a whole name of the systemthat consists of 12 major solar terms and 12 minorsolar teims linked with each other. It reflects theclimate change, guides agriculture arrangements andalso affects people's life. In the Spring and AutumnPeriod and the Warring States Period, people began to use solar terms as the supplementarycalendar. It was in 104 B,C. that the 24 solar terms were finally set down. As we all know,China is a country with a long history of agriculture. Agricultural production is largely influencedby the laws of nature. In ancient times, farmers arranged their agricultural activities accordingto the move of : the sun. It is the fact that the 24 solar terms takes into account the position ofthe sun that makes us attach importance to it.

　　1.統(tǒng)稱:即“全稱”，可譯為a whole/general name。

　　2.12節(jié)氣:可譯為12 major solar terms。在月首的叫做節(jié)氣，如春分、谷雨等。

　　3.12中氣:可譯為12 minor solar terms。在月中的叫做中氣，如立夏、立秋等。

　　4.眾所周知:可譯為as we all know或as is know to all。

　　5.自然規(guī)律:可譯為the laws of nature。這里的law不是“法律”，而是“規(guī)律”的 意思。

　　6.根據(jù)太陽的運(yùn)動(dòng):可譯為according to the move of the sun。

　　7.考慮到...:可譯為take...into account。

　　8.重視:可譯為attach importance to。其中to為介詞，后面要加名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞等。

　　(二)

　　“二十四節(jié)氣”是中國人通過觀察太陽周年運(yùn)動(dòng),認(rèn)知一年中時(shí)令、氣候、物候等方面變化規(guī)律所形成的知識(shí)體系和社會(huì)實(shí)踐。

　　中國古人將太陽周年運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡劃分為24等份，每一等份為一個(gè)“節(jié)氣”,統(tǒng)稱“二十四節(jié)氣”。具體包括：立春、雨水、驚蟄、春分、清明、谷雨、立夏、小滿、芒種、夏至、小暑、大暑、立秋、處暑、白露、秋分、寒露、霜降、立冬、小雪、大雪、冬至、小寒、大寒。

　　“二十四節(jié)氣”指導(dǎo)著傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和日常生活,是中國傳統(tǒng)歷法體系及其相關(guān)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)的重要組成部分。在國際氣象界,這一時(shí)間認(rèn)知體系被譽(yù)為“中國的第五大發(fā)明”。

　　China's '24 solar terms' is a knowledge system and social practice formed through observations of the sun's annual motion, and cognition of the year's changes in season, climate and phenology.

　　The 24 terms include Start of Spring, Rain Water, Awakening of Insects, Spring Equinox, Qingming Festival, Grain Rain, Start of Summer, Grain Buds, Grain in Ear, Summer Solstice, Minor Heat, Major Heat, Start of Autumn, End of Heat, White Dew, Autumn Equinox, Cold Dew, Frost's Descent, Start of Winter, Minor Snow, Major Snow, Winter Solstice, Minor Cold and Major Cold.

　　China's 24 Solar Terms is a calendar of twenty-four periods and climate to govern agricultural arrangements in ancient China and functions even now.