睡眠不足是小事？不，它關(guān)系4000億美元

Inadequate sleep causes more than $400 billion in economic losses annually in the United States and results in 1.23 million lost days of work each year, researchers have found.

研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，睡眠不足導(dǎo)致美國每年經(jīng)濟(jì)損失超過4000億美元，并造成每年損失123萬個(gè)工作日。

The impact of chronic sleeplessness in the United States far exceeds the costs in other industrialized countries. The runner-up, Japan, loses as much as $138 billion annually to sleeplessness among workers, but that represents a greater share of its economy, researchers at the RAND Corporation found.

慢性失眠對美國的影響遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過對其他工業(yè)國家。蘭德公司(RAND Corporation)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，第二名日本每年因工人睡眠不足而損失1380億美元，但這在日本經(jīng)濟(jì)中所占的比重更大。

The number of individuals who sleep less than the recommended hours is increasing in the developed world. From 20 to 30 percent of these workers complain of a lack of sleep on a daily basis.

在發(fā)達(dá)國家，睡眠時(shí)間少于推薦時(shí)間的人數(shù)越來越多。勞動者中有20%到30%的人抱怨每天睡眠不足。

“Inadequate sleep is too easily accepted into the community as part of life,” said Dr. David Hillman, a clinical professor at the University of Western Australia who studies sleep deficiency. In many work settings, “sleep is an indulgence.”

“睡眠不足很容易被社會當(dāng)做是生活的一部分，”研究睡眠不足的西澳大利亞大學(xué)(University of Western Australia )臨床教授戴維·希爾曼(David Hillman)博士說。在許多工作環(huán)境中，“睡眠是一種放縱。”

On a less quantifiable level, inadequate sleep reduces the safety and productivity of workers. Researchers have linked such shattering events as the Challenger space shuttle accident to human error caused by a lack of sleep.

在不太可量化的水平上，睡眠不足會降低工人的安全性和生產(chǎn)率。研究人員認(rèn)為，“挑戰(zhàn)者”航天飛機(jī)失事等事故都與因睡眠不足引起的人為錯(cuò)誤有關(guān)。

“It’s a huge problem that translates into enormous costs,” said Dr. Hillman. “And it’s a call to not only mitigate the suffering, but also to mitigate the costs.”

 “這是一個(gè)巨大的問題，它轉(zhuǎn)化為巨大的損失，”希爾曼博士說。“解決它不僅是為了減輕痛苦，也是為了降低成本。”

As the work force becomes more competitive, he said, employers must acknowledge inadequate sleep as a threat to company productivity. Well-rested employees are more efficient, tend to be healthier and feel more content.

他說，隨著勞動力競爭更加強(qiáng)烈，雇主必須承認(rèn)，睡眠不足會威脅公司的生產(chǎn)力。員工如果能得到更好的休息，效率會更高、身體更健康、更有滿足感。

More people should be educated about the importance of sleep and sleep hygiene at a young age, Dr. Hillman added. Usually, poor sleeping habits in middle age can be traced back to sleep patterns formed in youth.

希爾曼博士還說，更多的人應(yīng)該在年輕時(shí)就接受關(guān)于睡眠和睡眠衛(wèi)生重要性的教育，中年人的不良睡眠習(xí)慣通?？梢宰匪莸角嗄陼r(shí)期形成的睡眠模式。

“Changing the positive mind-set around inadequate sleep as a lifestyle is necessary to safeguard one’s health,” said Dr. Hillman. A company performs well when managers are “aware of the wellness of their employees,” he added.

“不再把睡眠不足的生活方式作為積極的心態(tài)，這對維持健康是非常必要的，”希爾曼博士還說，當(dāng)管理者們“關(guān)注員工的健康”時(shí)，公司就會運(yùn)行良好。