心臟不好?該去健身房了

心臟不好?該去健身房了

Rick Murphy, a real estate appraiser in Atlanta, had no idea he had a bad heart.

亞特蘭大的房地產(chǎn)估價(jià)師里克墨菲(Rick Murphy)并不知道自己的心臟不好。

When Murphy turned 50, he decided it was time to get in shape. It wasn't long before he progressed from running races to an Ironman triathlon.

當(dāng)墨菲50歲時(shí)，他決定是時(shí)候健身了。沒(méi)過(guò)多久，他就從賽跑發(fā)展成了鐵人三項(xiàng)。

A fellow triathlete recommended he get checked out by a sports cardiologist, so he went to see Dr. Jonathan Kim at Emory Healthcare in July 2015.

一位鐵人三項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的同事建議他去看一位運(yùn)動(dòng)心臟病專(zhuān)家，于是他在2015年7月去埃默里醫(yī)療中心(Emory Healthcare)看了喬納森·金(Jonathan Kim)醫(yī)生。

"The next thing you know, Dr. Kim is saying, 'I think we need to do a heart catheterization on you.' "

“接下來(lái)，金醫(yī)生說(shuō)，‘我覺(jué)得我們需要給你做心導(dǎo)管插入術(shù)。’”

One of the heart's main arteries was over 95% blocked. Murphy was in the operating room within a few days.

超過(guò)95%的心臟主動(dòng)脈被阻塞。幾天之內(nèi)墨菲就進(jìn)了手術(shù)室。

"I was obviously surprised," said Kim. "He could've been that unfortunate terrible story ."

“我顯然很驚訝，”金說(shuō)。“他可能就是那個(gè)不幸而可怕的故事。”

Let's get physical

讓我們進(jìn)行身體鍛煉

The idea that exercise can help hearts recover is a relatively modern one.

運(yùn)動(dòng)可以幫助心臟恢復(fù)的觀點(diǎn)是一個(gè)相對(duì)現(xiàn)代的觀點(diǎn)。

Until the 1950s, doctors often told cardiac patients to avoid any physical activity at all. In 1952, the recommendation that heart attack patients get out of the hospital bed and into an armchair was seen as controversial. It wasn't until the late '50s that exercise guidelines emerged for these patients.

直到20世紀(jì)50年代，醫(yī)生經(jīng)常告訴心臟病患者要完全避免任何身體活動(dòng)。1952年，心臟病患者從醫(yī)院病床上起來(lái)，坐到扶手椅上的建議被認(rèn)為是有爭(zhēng)議的。直到50年代末，針對(duì)這些病人的運(yùn)動(dòng)指南才出現(xiàn)。

Nowadays, aerobic exercise is seen as a key to recovery, said Kim, who runs an exercise physiology lab.

現(xiàn)在，有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)被認(rèn)為是恢復(fù)的關(guān)鍵，Kim說(shuō)，他經(jīng)營(yíng)著一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)生理學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。

"One of the tenets of what we do is that exercise is medicine," he said.

他說(shuō):“我們的原則之一是，運(yùn)動(dòng)是一種藥物。”

Aerobic exercises like swimming, jogging and cycling raise the heart rate. Over time, the heart becomes more efficient, allowing it to pump more blood with less effort. Exercise can also reverse some of the effects of heart disease, like the narrowing of arteries.

游泳、慢跑和騎車(chē)等有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)可以提高心率。隨著時(shí)間的推移，心臟變得更有效率，讓它用更少的努力泵出更多的血液。運(yùn)動(dòng)還可以逆轉(zhuǎn)心臟病的一些影響，比如動(dòng)脈狹窄。

A comeback workout

來(lái)回的鍛煉

In recent years, doctors have continued to push the limits of what they thought cardiac patients could do, opting for high-intensity interval training over more moderate exercise, said Ray Squires, program director of cardiac health and rehabilitation at Mayo Clinic.

梅奧診所(Mayo Clinic)心臟健康與康復(fù)項(xiàng)目主任斯奎爾斯(Ray Squires)說(shuō)，近年來(lái)，醫(yī)生們繼續(xù)挑戰(zhàn)他們認(rèn)為心臟病患者所能做的極限，選擇高強(qiáng)度間歇訓(xùn)練，而不是更適度的鍛煉。

During high-intensity interval training, or HIIT, people push themselves for brief intervals -- from 30 seconds to a few minutes -- followed by a longer periods of lower-intensity exercise.

在高強(qiáng)度間歇訓(xùn)練(HIIT)中，人們強(qiáng)迫自己進(jìn)行短暫的間歇運(yùn)動(dòng)——從30秒到幾分鐘——然后進(jìn)行較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的低強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動(dòng)。

In 2009, Mayo Clinic began recommending HIIT to people who had been diagnosed with heart attack or heart failure.

2009年，梅奧診所開(kāi)始向被診斷為心臟病發(fā)作或心力衰竭的患者推薦HIIT。

"I don't know if there was anybody else doing it in the United States" at the time, Squires said.

斯奎爾斯說(shuō):“我不知道當(dāng)時(shí)是否還有其他人在美國(guó)這么做。”

At Mayo, Squires and his team only initiate HIIT once their patients can do 20 minutes of moderate exercise, which may include brisk walking or even mowing the lawn.

在梅奧診所，斯奎爾斯和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)只有在病人能夠進(jìn)行20分鐘的適度運(yùn)動(dòng)(包括快步走甚至修剪草坪)后，才會(huì)啟動(dòng)HIIT。

"The benefits of exercise are as tried and true as anything we know about," Kim said, "whether you have the technology or not."

“鍛煉的好處是我們所知道的最可靠和真實(shí)的，”金說(shuō)，“無(wú)論你是否擁有這項(xiàng)技術(shù)。”