用英語說中國旅游華北地區(qū)01：頤和園自然概況1

頤和園

Natural Features

自然概況

The Summer Palace is located on the western edge of Beijing， between the fourth and fifth ring roads，close to the western hills，10km from central Beijing一It is the largest and best-preserved imperial garden in China. Its Chinese name，Yi He Yuan，translates as‘Garden for Maintaining Health and Harmony’. 頤和園位于北京西郊，在四環(huán)和五環(huán)之問，緊挨西山，趾北京市中心12公里〕頤和園是中國最大的空家園林。其漢語意思為“頤養(yǎng)和諧之園” As its name implies，the Summer Palace was used as a summer residence by China's imperial rulers--as a retreat from the main imperial palace now known as the Palace Museum or Forbidden City-a pleasureground in the countryside，yet near to the city. 頤和園的英文名稱"Summer Palace"(夏天的宮殿)意思是這里是皇帝在夏大的居住之地—一個(gè)離城不遠(yuǎn)、位與鄉(xiāng)村的、供帝王后妃們逍遙游樂的紫禁城。 The gardens that became the Summer Palace date from the Jin Dynasty (1115一1234 ).Later, the Mongol Emperor Kublai Khan(Yuan Dynasty，1279-1368)，who wanted to improve Beijing's water supply，ordered the construction of canals to transport water from the Western Hills to the Summer Palace. He also enlarged the lake(today's Kun Ming Lake)to act as a reservoir. 早在金代( 1115一1234 ),頤和園就已經(jīng)開始成為花園隨后，元朝(1279~1368)的忽必烈又改進(jìn)北京的水系統(tǒng)，開挖運(yùn)河把西山的水引到頤和園，他還擴(kuò)建了昆明湖作為蓄水池。 In 1750，Emperor Qian Long(1736一1796 )of the Qing Dynasty(1644一1911)added substantially to the gardens of the Summer Palace. His appointed designers reproduced the styles of various palaces and gardens from around China. Kun Ming Lake was extended to imitate the West Lake in Hangzhou. 1750年，清朝(1644-1911)的乾隆皇帝再接再厲，把這個(gè)花園修建成了皇家園林。他讓設(shè)計(jì)師們復(fù)制中國的各種園林風(fēng)格匯集于此。昆明湖就是模仿杭州西湖而造的。 In 1860，the Anglo-French Allied Forces invaded Beijing and set fire to many of the buildings within the Summer Palace. 1860年，英法聯(lián)軍浸略北京，縱火燒毀了這里的大部分建筑。 In 1886,Dowager Empress Ci Xi，with embezzled funds from the Imperial Navy，restored the grand gardens. The reconstruction and enlargement of the Summer Palace continued for ten years. After completion,she renamed the gardens‘Yi He Yuan’(Garden of Peace andHarmony) 1886年，慈嬉太后挪用海軍經(jīng)費(fèi)重建并擴(kuò)建了這些花園，工程持續(xù)10年之久，完1年后她將其改名為頤和園(頤養(yǎng)和諧之園)。 In 1889，the Empress Dowager Ci Xi moved her administration to the renovated Yi He Yuan and the gardens that had long been an imperial pleasure ground became the primary Summer Palace. 1889年，慈嬉連同她的行政部門一起搬到修復(fù)一新的頤和園。從此，頤和園變成了首要的皇家夏日游樂場所。 A full-scale restoration began in 1903，and today's Summer Palace is more or less the same as the palace rebuilt from then. 1903年，慈嬉逃亡返回北京后，又對頤和園做了全方位的修復(fù)今天的頤和園與修復(fù)后的頤和園大致相似。 After the success of the 1911 Revolution，the Summer Palace was opened to the public. Then，after the last Qing Emperor Pu Yi was thrown out of the Palaces in 1924，the Summer Palace was turned into a park. The Summer Palace has become a popular and relaxing destination for both domestic and international tourists now.1911年革命成功后，頤和園開始對一外開放。不過，頤和園成為真正的公園是1924年清朝的末代空帝被趕出官殿之后。如今，頤和園已成為中外游人喜歡游玩的好去處。

The Summer Palace was designated a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1998. 1998年，頤和園被聯(lián)合國教科義組織列人《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》。