雅思聽力對話：鳥類的季節(jié)性遷徙02

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雅思聽力在考試中占據(jù)著重要的地位，時常用聽力材料來磨耳朵可以不斷鞏固大腦的英語語言能力。以下是雅思聽力材料，您可以結(jié)合MP3和下方的原文及翻譯進行聽力學習。

聽力原文及翻譯

One of the key moments in the development of migration theory came in 1822, when a white stork was shot in Germany. This particular stork made history because of the long spear in its neck, which incredibly had not killed it. Everyone immediately realized this spear was definitely not European; it turned out to be a spear from a tribe in Central Africa. 

1822年，一只白鸛在德國被射殺，這是遷徙理論發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵時刻之一。這只鸛因脖子上插著一根長矛而載入史冊，但令人驚奇的是，這根長矛并沒有殺死它。每個人都立即意識到這根長矛絕對不是歐洲的；原來是來自中非一個部落的長矛。

This was a truly defining moment in the history of ornithology, because it was the first evidence that storks spend their winters in sub-Saharan Africa. You can still see the arrow stalk in the zoological collection of the University of Rostock in Germany. People gradually became aware that European birds moved south in autumn and north in summer, but didn't know much about it until the practice of catching birds and putting rings on their legs became established. 

這是鳥類學歷史上真正具有決定性意義的時刻，因為它是鸛在撒哈拉以南非洲過冬的第一個證據(jù)。你仍然可以在德國羅斯托克大學的動物學收藏中看到這根箭柄。人們逐漸意識到歐洲鳥類在秋天向南遷徙，夏天向北遷徙，但直到捕捉鳥類并在它們腿上戴環(huán)的習俗形成后，人們才對此有了更多的了解。

Before this, very little information was available about the actual destinations of particular species and how they traveled there. People speculated that larger birds provided a kind of taxi service for smaller birds, by carrying them on their backs. This idea came about because it seemed impossible that small birds weighing only a few grams could fly over vast oceans. 

在此之前，關(guān)于特定物種的實際目的地以及它們?nèi)绾蔚竭_那里的信息非常少。人們推測，較大的鳥類通過將較小的鳥類背在背上，為較小的鳥類提供了一種出租車服務。這個想法的產(chǎn)生是因為體重只有幾克的小鳥似乎不可能飛越浩瀚的海洋。

This idea was supported by observations of bird behavior, such as the harassment of larger birds by smaller birds. The development of bird ringing by a Danish schoolteacher, Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen, made many discoveries possible. This is still common practice today and relies upon what is known as recovery – this is when ringed birds are found dead in the place they have migrated to and identified. 

這個想法得到了鳥類行為觀察的支持，例如小鳥騷擾大鳥。丹麥教師 Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen 發(fā)明了鳥類環(huán)志，使許多發(fā)現(xiàn)成為可能。這在今天仍然是常見的做法，依賴于所謂的恢復——即在它們遷徙到的地方發(fā)現(xiàn)被環(huán)志的鳥死亡并被確認身份。

Huge amounts of data were gathered in the early part of the 20th century, and for the first time in history, people understood where birds actually went to in winter. In 1931, an atlas was published showing where the most common species of European birds migrated to. 

20 世紀初期收集了大量數(shù)據(jù)，人們有史以來第一次了解了鳥類在冬天實際上去了哪里。1931年，出版了一本地圖集，展示了最常見的歐洲鳥類遷徙到哪里。

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