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讓你雅思口語更靈活的20個(gè)實(shí)用詞匯

所屬教程:雅思口語

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2018年03月21日

手機(jī)版
掃描二維碼方便學(xué)習(xí)和分享
 

  留學(xué)生可能在學(xué)習(xí)之中掌握了大量學(xué)科、專有詞匯,讀寫能力杠杠的,但是在日常生活中,怎么解決說英語容易卡殼的尷尬局面?

  我們需要做到三點(diǎn):

  一、改變思維習(xí)慣(way of thinking)。 閱讀時(shí),見到一些表達(dá)方式,多問問自己,這句話讓我說,我會(huì)用這種思路嗎?如果答案是no,那就恭喜你了,趕快把這句話抄下來,以后多做點(diǎn)文章。

  二、注意選詞(choice of words)。 實(shí)踐證明,學(xué)好、活用100個(gè)詞,再加上以前的一點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ),就可以自由表達(dá)自己思想,并可盡量拋棄原來的中式英語思維。

  三、句型(sentence patterns) 。漢語與英語這兩門語言沒多大的相似之處,由于思維習(xí)慣的不同,導(dǎo)致一些表達(dá)方式也不同,具體表現(xiàn)在一些典型的句型上。

  我們時(shí)常見的一些小詞,如果多加注意和運(yùn)用,就會(huì)產(chǎn)生很奇妙的效果,一起來看看有哪些吧~

  available

  使用頻率:★★★★★

  造句功能:★★★★

  西方思維:★★★★★

  這個(gè)詞有點(diǎn)怪,是形容詞,但是一般放到所修飾的詞后面。凡句子中含有是“有。。??梢杂玫?rdquo;的時(shí)候都可以考慮這個(gè)詞。這個(gè)詞關(guān)系到我們思維方式,而不是這個(gè)詞用法有多復(fù)雜。反義詞是unavailable。

  1、對(duì)不起,沒座了。

  Chinglish: Sorry, we have no seats now.

  Revision: Sorry, no seats available.

  2、網(wǎng)站暫時(shí)無法訪問。

  Chinglish: This website can't be visited temporarily.

  Revision: Website Temporarily Unavailable.

  有時(shí)候盡管不是非用available/unavailable不可,但是多用一些,看起來正宗。

  offer

  使用頻率:★★★★

  造句功能:★★★

  西方思維:★★★★★

  這個(gè)詞比較微妙。英譯中時(shí)不太好處理,正因如此,這個(gè)詞才值得我們重視。

  1、謝謝你的好意,不過我可以走回去。

  Chinglish: Thank you for your goodwill, but I can go home on foot.

  Revision: Thanks for your offer, but I can walk home.

  2、全國(guó)人民紛紛向?yàn)?zāi)區(qū)伸出了援助之手。

  Chinglish: People from all over the country all giving their hands to the disaster area.

  Revision: People from all over the country are offering helping hands to the disaster area.

  Offer可以做動(dòng)詞用,也可以做名詞用。還有一些固定搭配,其中Job offer非常紅。凡是帶有“給予”、“善意提供的(幫忙)”等意思,就可以考慮offer這個(gè)詞。我們可以在第一時(shí)間想到要用give的時(shí)候多用offer來替代。

  difference

  使用頻率:★★★★

  造句功能:★★

  西方思維:★★★★★

  意思是差別。對(duì)于difference只需要掌握一到兩個(gè)短語,我們口語水平就會(huì)前進(jìn)一大步,讓你的同學(xué)對(duì)你刮目相看,那就是make a difference(有很大不同)或make no differences(沒什么不同)。

  1、你說的什么移動(dòng)、聯(lián)通, 我看還不一路貨色。

  You're talking about Telecom and Unicom. The way I see it, they make no differences at all.

  2、這種化妝品你用用看,效果絕對(duì)不一樣。

  Chinglish: Please use this kind of cosmetics, the effect is absolutely different.

  Revision: Please try this sort of cosmetics, i bet it'll make a big difference.

  3、上帝啊,再給我一次機(jī)會(huì),我不會(huì)再這樣了。

  Chinglish: God, please give me a chance again, I won't do this again.

  Revision: God, please grant me another chance, and I'll make a difference.

  凡是一樣不一樣,都可以考慮這兩個(gè)短語,你用好了,絕對(duì)可以make a difference。

  另外說一下,受教科書的影響,說不同的時(shí)候中國(guó)學(xué)生習(xí)慣be different from這一句型。但是很多時(shí)候differ from這個(gè)動(dòng)詞形式更簡(jiǎn)單,try it, and you'll make a difference,讓你的老師、同學(xué)對(duì)你刮目相看。

  西方人崇尚個(gè)人奮斗,追求與他人不一樣。這個(gè)詞,對(duì)于他們來說,太神圣了。在https://google.com中,make a difference這一短語搜索結(jié)果近600萬,我們用過幾次了。所以以后有條件,我們就要make a difference,沒有條件時(shí),創(chuàng)建條件也要make a difference。

  sense

  使用頻率:★★★

  造句功能:★★

  西方思維:★★★★★

  這個(gè)詞主要由于幾個(gè)相關(guān)短語而流行的。

  這幾個(gè)短語分別是: a sense of (responsibility, humor...)---有幽默感等, make sense/not make any sense,有意義,沒意義(所以我說別老用meaningless,不是人家聽不懂,那很中式的)。

  1、我很喜歡他。他很有幽默感。

  Chinglish: I very like him. He is very humorous.

  Revision: I like him very much. He has a good sense of humor.

  2、我知道,不過有的地方?jīng)]什么意義。

  Chinglish: I know, but it's meaningless in some places.

  Revision: I know, but again at some point it doesn't make any sense.

  afford

  使用頻率:★★★

  造句功能:★★★

  西方思維:★★★★★

  意思是買的起,付得起、花得起時(shí)間、金錢、精力等。

  但是Afford只能表示能力,不表示意愿。例如我們可以說I'm willing to pay, but I really can't afford it,而不能說I'm willing to afford it。

  用好這個(gè)詞,我們的水平就會(huì)提高一個(gè)檔次,讓你的同學(xué)打心底里佩服。

  1、這頂帽子貴得也太離譜了,我買不起。

  Chinglish: This hat is extremely expensive, I can't buy it.

  Revision: This hat is so expensive that I can't afford it.

  2、這個(gè)村子里好多兒童都上不起學(xué)。

  Chinglish: Lots of kids can't go to school because they're poor. (意思表達(dá)出來了但是不精練)

  Revision: Plenty of kids in this village can't afford to go to school (can't afford education).

  deserve

  使用頻率:★★

  造句功能:★★

  西方思維:★★★★★

  這個(gè)詞字面意思是“值得”、“該受到”,可褒可貶。用到的場(chǎng)合其實(shí)挺多的。幾個(gè)例句就可以解決問題。

  1、你是老鼠戲貓,真是自作自受!

  Chinglish: You're like a rat teasing a cat... (...下面不會(huì)了)

  Revision: I think you're playing with fire. You deserve it!

  2、那個(gè)好心女孩終于嫁給了她的心上人。她是有好報(bào)。

  Chinglish: That good-hearted girl was married to the man in her heart at last. She was good so she had a good end.

  Revision: That good-hearted girl married her 'prince' finally. She deserved it.

  3、你竟敢這樣對(duì)我?找打啊?

  Chinglish: How dare you do this to me? Do you want me to beat you?

  Revision: How dare you do this to me? You deserve a kick in the ass!

  這個(gè)詞比較微妙,個(gè)人喜歡這個(gè)詞,不多說了。

  If you think that I deserve some applauses or flowers, why not let me know about it

  frustrated

  使用頻率:★★★★

  造句功能:★★

  西方思維:★★★★★

  表示心情沮喪、灰心喪氣時(shí),老外偏愛frustrated這一詞。我們喜歡是sad, lose one's heart等表達(dá)法。

  用法特別簡(jiǎn)單。當(dāng)你覺得灰心喪氣時(shí),forget about "sad", use this word instead.

  1、沒有一個(gè)女孩子給我寫過信,我真是沮喪極了。

  I'm so frustrated that no girls wrote to me.

  2、公司業(yè)績(jī)總是不好,總經(jīng)理真是心灰意懶。

  Chinglish: The total manager is very sad because the achievement is not good.

  Revision: The general manager is so frustrated for the poor performance of his company.

  If, if lots of people come and shout to me:"Coolmax, your English is so poor and limited!" I'll be extremely frustrated

  再說一遍,以后要常說 frustrated 哦!說多了,你就有老外的感覺了。

  hurt

  使用頻率:★★★

  造句功能:★★

  西方思維:★★★★

  “受傷”或“疼痛”的意思??赡苁巧砩鲜軅?,更表示心里上受傷。很紅的一個(gè)詞,失戀的人必備詞匯。唉,我們的傳統(tǒng)英文教育就是那么回事,學(xué)了10年英文,不知道“我手指疼”怎么說的大有人在。

  1、哦,天哪!你竟然不理我了。我受傷了。

  Chinglish: Oh, God, you don't notice me! I am injured.(Injure一詞一般不用于心理方面的傷害)。

  Revision: Oh, God, how come you start to ignore me! I'm hurt.

  2、別動(dòng)我,我右手大拇指指疼。

  Chinglish: Don't move me! My right thumb aches. (動(dòng)某人的話也可以用 touch)

  Revision: Leave me alone! My right thumb hurts.

  At last I want to remind some friends that we should never tell a woman that she is 'fat'. She would be hurt or even offended if you do that.

  mislead

  使用頻率:★★★★

  造句功能:★★

  西方思維:★★★★★

  其形容詞是Misleading,被動(dòng)形式是be misled。意思是誤導(dǎo)。我們國(guó)人不太愛說,但是愛好政治與辯論的老外整天把這個(gè)詞掛在嘴上。這個(gè)詞不難用,關(guān)鍵是思維方式不同,所以我們要學(xué)。

  1、你沒有意識(shí)到這份報(bào)紙?jiān)谡`導(dǎo)民眾嗎?

  Haven't you realized this newspaper is misleading its readers?

  2、我覺得你是被宣傳誤導(dǎo)了,也許是被洗了腦子了。

  I deem that you're misled by the propaganda and maybe you're brainwashed.

  So, my only wish reagarding this thread is that I'm not misleading.

  最后別忘了,這個(gè)詞也是Chinadaily 的 News Talks 版面最紅的字眼之一。

  offend

  使用頻率:★★★★★

  造句功能:★★

  西方思維:★★★★★

  這個(gè)詞表示“冒犯”、“得罪”,老外整天掛在嘴上。我們要跟進(jìn)。一般用法是offend sb.被動(dòng)是be/get offended.

  要善于識(shí)別offend使用范圍。漢語語言特別豐富,所以我們要特別注重內(nèi)在含義。

  1、你對(duì)她的穿著評(píng)頭論足,她可能會(huì)不高興。

  Chinglish: You're commenting on her dress; she might be unhappy. (還不太中式,但是想不到offend一詞就是罪過)

  Revision: You're criticising her dress sense. She might be offended.

  2、我什么時(shí)候得罪她了?她這人真怪!

  Chinglish: When did I do bad to her? She is so strange! (不算太中式,但是想不到offend就是罪過)

  Revision: Have I ever offended her? She's just being so weird!

  update

  使用頻率:★★

  造句功能:★

  西方思維:★★★★★

  這個(gè)詞特別簡(jiǎn)單,但是我們不容易說好,一般是學(xué)一次,知道重要性后,終生難忘。

  表示更新后的信息,也可以做動(dòng)詞,進(jìn)行更新?,F(xiàn)在知識(shí)更新特別快,難怪這個(gè)詞也吃香。

  1、新的在哪?

  Chinglish: Where is the new one?(不算太中式,但是中國(guó)學(xué)生會(huì)用update會(huì)讓人刮目相看)

  Revision: Where's the update?

  2、這是最后一次的更新。

  Chinglish: This is the newest change.

  Revision: This is the latest update. (會(huì)用latest的也不簡(jiǎn)單)

  You know I'm pretty busy with my work and I have to work overtime everyday, but I'll try my best to keep this thread updated.

  contribute

  使用頻率:★★

  造句功能:★★★

  西方思維:★★★★

  名詞形式是contribution. 意思有“捐獻(xiàn)”、“投稿”等意思。凡是有貢獻(xiàn),都可以叫contribution。contribute這個(gè)動(dòng)詞一般與to 連用。

  1、這事他也出了不少力。

  Chinglish: He also supplied his strength to this.

  Revision: He also contributed a lot to this.

  2、謝謝你啊,你可幫了大忙了。

  Version 1: Thank you very much. You really helped a lot.

  Version 2: I really appreciate your great contribution.(看情況)

  3、你只知道批評(píng)別人,你自己做了多少事?

  Chinglish: You only know how to criticise others, but how much thing have you done yourself?

  Revision: You're a critic! Where's your contribution?

  這個(gè)詞用起來自然。好用,實(shí)用。

  scenario

  使用頻率:★

  造句功能:★

  西方思維:★★★★★

  這個(gè)詞是“假想”、“設(shè)想”的意思。會(huì)用這個(gè)詞不容易。凡是用過該詞三次以上的(查詞典抄來的不算),我敢斷定其英文水平已經(jīng)達(dá)到Great甚至是Excellent了。

  這里有一句話:

  In the unlikely scenario that there is no major conflict, China is obviously willing to give peace a chance so long as Taiwan is not being unleashed by the Americans to pursue de jure independence.

  impress

  使用頻率:★★★★

  造句功能:★★

  西方思維:★★★★★

  1、Coolmax,你這個(gè)帖子不怎么樣。

  Chinglish: Coolmax, your this post is just so so.

  Revision: Coolmax, I'm not at all impressed by this thread of yours.

  2、在我記憶中,中國(guó)給我的感覺太棒了!

  Chinglish: In my memory, China gave me a very wonderful feeling.

  Revision: China was really impressive in my memory.

  3、成功的推銷員知道如何打動(dòng)他的客戶。

  Chinglish: A successful salesman knows how to move his customers.

  Revision: A successful salesman knows how to impress his customers.

  lover

  使用頻率:★★★★

  造句功能:★

  西方思維:★★★★★

  這個(gè)詞用得太廣了。老外動(dòng)不動(dòng)張口就是peace-lovers。此外還有book lovers, China lovers, Music lovers。。。。。太廣了。可是我們國(guó)人說得太少了。

  下面幾句可能兩種說法都可以,但是老外偏愛第2種。這個(gè)不是有多難,我們不會(huì)用,而是我們的思維習(xí)慣決定了老是想不到。

  1、我這個(gè)人挺愛讀書的。

  Version 1: I love reading books. (沒錯(cuò))

  Better Version: I'm a book lover. (更地道)

  2、中國(guó)堅(jiān)定地與全世界愛好和平的人們站在一起。

  Chinglish: China is resolutely standing with all people who love peace all over the world.(很啰嗦的不是?)

  Revision: China stands firmly with all peace-lovers world-wide.

  Some forumites on Chinadaily community attack China from time to time while asserting they're 'China-lovers'.

  要讓世界充滿愛,我們應(yīng)該多用lover少用hater一詞。

  justify

  使用頻率:★★

  造句功能:★★

  西方思維:★★★★★

  Justify: To demonstrate or prove to be just, right, or valid。證明、說明什么東西是對(duì)的,正確或有效的。

  說明:該詞在漢語中沒有對(duì)應(yīng)的詞,雖然有對(duì)應(yīng)的短語,但是我們說得太少,以至于見到這個(gè)詞無動(dòng)于衷,沒覺得有什么特別的,豈止該詞非常具有西方思維,用對(duì)了讓你的英文更正宗。就象果汁,你喝兌水的,也叫果汁,人家的該榨出的,也叫果汁。果汁與果汁,大相徑庭也!

  1、你明明錯(cuò)了,你別狡辯了。

  Chinglish: You're obviously wrong, don't give chicanery!

  Revision: You're obviously wrong. Don't try to justify your mistakes!

  2、該政府部門不作為的做法難責(zé)其咎。

  Chinglish: The government agency should be blamed for their nonfeasance.(not bad)

  Revision: The inactivity of the government agency can't be justified.

  work

  使用頻率:★★★★

  造句功能:★★★

  西方思維:★★★★

  詞義:起作用[動(dòng)詞]

  說明:會(huì)說work一詞沒什么了不起,但是擅長(zhǎng)用work一詞會(huì)讓你英語原味大增!我可不想討論它是不是可數(shù)名詞,在這里只討論它做動(dòng)詞的情況。The medicine didn't work!是什么意思呢?原來是“那藥不起作用/不頂事”的意思。其實(shí)work本意是一個(gè)人的工作,就是你應(yīng)該干的活。電視是播放節(jié)目的,能履行自己職責(zé)就是work了,不能播放了,或沒聲音了,就是沒把“work”干好;同樣,走時(shí)間與在指定時(shí)間叫醒你是鬧鐘的工作;打印是打印機(jī)的工作。。。總之,可以是一個(gè)想法,一個(gè)計(jì)劃,一個(gè)產(chǎn)品,一個(gè)用品,凡是起到該起的或預(yù)料中的作用就是it works,否則就是it doesn't work!

  1、我的鬧鐘壞了。

  Chinglish:My alarm clock is bad. (人家以為你買的是偽劣產(chǎn)品,能用但是質(zhì)量差)

  Revision: My alarm clock doesn't work. (不走了,或不鬧時(shí)了,或兩者都不行了)

  2、我的計(jì)劃頂事了。

  Chinglish: My plan served for the purpose.(快說對(duì)了,可惜沒說對(duì),for是多余的。)

  Revision: My plan worked! (多精練!)

  3、電視已經(jīng)不太好了。(如聲音時(shí)斷時(shí)續(xù))

  Chinglish: The TV set is already not good now. (不知所云)

  Revision: The TV set doesn't work properly(or: well) now. (多地道!)

  I hope my explanation works!

  hold

  使用頻率:★★★

  造句功能:★★★★

  西方思維:★★★★★

  在生活中,我們常常會(huì)抱怨聯(lián)系不到那個(gè)誰,男女關(guān)系中尤為常見。受思維限制,我們一般只會(huì)說個(gè)contact with,現(xiàn)在有一種更為生活化的用法告訴大家。

  1、你這一天干嘛去了?我用了六個(gè)小時(shí)嘗試聯(lián)系你!

  What have you been doing all day? I've been trying to get a hold of you for six hours.

  2、我必須通過十個(gè)不同的人來獲得你的聯(lián)系

  I had to go through ten different people to get a hold of you.

  此用法常常伴隨河?xùn)|獅吼。

  crap

  使用頻率:★★★

  造句功能:★★★

  西方思維:★★★★

  我們會(huì)遭遇一些人的喋喋不休的廢話,那么請(qǐng)這樣告訴他。除了快被用爛的rubbish,bullshit,還有這樣的很常見的說法:

  1、請(qǐng)不要再對(duì)我講這些廢話了!

  Please don't play this crap on me.

  2、凈胡說八道

  What a bunch of crap!

  不想忍受的時(shí)候,及時(shí)喊停。

  mark

  使用頻率:★★★★

  造句功能:★★★

  西方思維:★★★★★

  mark之所以萬能,在于將標(biāo)志、痕跡、得分的含義廣泛地引申出去,例如:

  1、up to the mark 達(dá)到要求;符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

  2、an easy mark 容易受騙的人

  3、mark up/down 加價(jià)/減價(jià)

  4、leave your/its/a mark 留下永久記憶

  等等。

  1、The table marks very easily.

  這張桌子很容易留下印痕。

  2、His silence marked his anger.

  他的沉默表明了他的憤怒。

  3、Our teacher marks strictly.

  我們老師評(píng)分很嚴(yán)。

  4、He walked on air for getting a high mark.

  他因得了高分而洋洋得意。


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