雅思閱讀復習難點題型分析：配對題的應對策略

雅思閱讀復習難點題型分析：配對題的應對策略為大家?guī)?a href="http://42bites.com/ielts/" target="_blank" class="keylink">雅思閱讀中難度排名前幾位的配對題的復習攻略。本文主要先分析配對題這種題型的出題特點和出題思路，然后舉了劍雅中實際的幾個例子來講解雅思閱讀配對題的解題方法。雅思配對題是指將段落大意和題干給出的選擇項相匹配的一種題型。下面我們就一起來看一下這種題型的復習方法。

唐僧說學校是不圖賺錢的，白癡是不能當教授的，賣狗肉是不能掛羊頭的;專家說標題配對題的難度不是吹的。若要在雅思各題型中按照難度系數(shù)進行排名，標題配對題無疑摘得頭魁。

實際上，這一在雅思題型難度系數(shù)中奪得頭魁的題型并沒有考生們所想象的那么恐怖，應對這種題型，考生們要做的首先就是“知己知彼，百戰(zhàn)不殆”，也就是說考生們首先要了解這種題型的特點。

這種題型的典型特點就是題目通常放在文章前面，而且答案不會重復使用，所以考生們在考試時首先要看題目中是否給出例子，若給出例子，則要把例子中所用過的答案劃掉，因為它不會再被用到;而且這一特點決定這種題目總是一錯錯一雙。另外這種題型主要考查考生們根據上下文猜出某些詞句大意，弄清句子之間的邏輯關系，正確理解文章，把握段落大意和主旨的能力。

因此考生們要做的就是運用專家所講過的“無詞閱讀法”， 在做題時先讀懂段落的第一、二句，然后略讀其他句子，弄清句子之間的邏輯關系，從而非常輕松地得出段落大意。而句子之間的邏輯關系一共有以下幾種：

其他句子解釋說明第一、二句，即段落為總分式結構，如劍1，Test 4，passage 1的C段(這種情況下，段落大意根據第一、二句歸納即可)

But it is not only in technology and commerce that glass has widened its horizons. The use of glass as art, a tradition going back at least to Roman times, is also booming. Nearly everywhere, it seems, men and women are blowing glass and creating works of art. ‘ I didn’t sell a piece of glass until 1975,’ Dale Chihuly said, smiling, for the 18 years since the end of the dry spell, he has become one of the most financially successful artists of the 20th century. He now has a new commission—a glass sculpture for the headquarters building of a pizza company—for which his fee is half a million dollars.

解題：首先讀段落的第一、二句話，考生們會發(fā)現(xiàn)第一句實際為一個強調句式，強調“not only in technology and commerce”。我么都知道“not only…but also…”的句式重點要講的是“but also”后面的內容而非“not only”后的內容，因此運用“無詞閱讀法”，考生就可以不用關注第一句話的大意了，直接進入第二句話，關注“but also”的內容;第二句話中，也運用無詞閱讀法，只看主句，考生即可以抓出大意為“玻璃作為藝術的應用也在興盛”;第三句中的blowing glass，可能考生們陌生，但其并列內容“creating works of art”認識即可，第三句話大意為“男性女性都在創(chuàng)造藝術品”;第四句和第五句我們略讀一下即可知道，作者在運用藝術家Dale Chihuly的例子解釋說明玻璃在藝術方面應用的興盛。因此最終我們可以斷定此段中第三、四、五句內容是解釋說明第一、二句內容的。段落大意根據第一、二句歸納，答案為 i Growth in the market for glass crafts

出現(xiàn)轉折詞或相應表達，把思路逆轉，如劍6，Test 2，passage 1的E段(這種情況下，段落大意根據轉折后面的內容歸納)

It was once assumed that improvements in telecommunications would lead to more dispersal in the population as people were no longer forced into cities. However, the ISTP team’s research demonstrates that the population and job density of cities rose or remained constant in the 1980s after decades of decline. The explanation for this seems to be that it is valuable to place people working in related fields together. ‘The new world will largely depend on human creativity, and creativity flourishes where people come together face-to-face.’

解題：讀此段時，考生會發(fā)現(xiàn)在第二句出現(xiàn)however一詞，這種情況下，第一句的內容即可以忽略，考生應該直接讀第二句及其后面的內容。運用無詞閱讀法，第二句大意為“人口和工作密度實際上是增長或保持不變的”;第三句話解釋說明出現(xiàn)這種情況的原因是把相關領域工作的人放在一起是非常有價值的;第四句話又引用一句話來進一步解釋說明。因此我們根據轉折厚的內容選出此段大意為 iii The benefits of working together in cities。而陷阱為vi The impact of telecommunications on population distribution。

附加新的信息，即信息之間為并列關系，如劍1，Test 4，passage 1中的B段(這種情況下，考生需要找信息之間的共同點，段落大意根據共同點得出)

On the horizon are optical computers. These could store programs and process information by means of light—pulses from tiny lasers—rather than electrons. And the pulses would travel over glass fibers, not copper wire. These machines could function hundreds of times faster than today’s electronic computers and hold vastly more information. Today fiber optics are used to obtain a cleaner image of smaller and smaller objects than ever before—even bacterial viruses. A new generation of optical instruments is emerging that can provide detailed imaging of the inner workings of cells. It is the surge in fiber optic use and in liquid crystal displays that has set the U.S. glass industry (a 16 billion dollar business employing some 150,000 workers) to building new plants to meet demand.

解題：考生在運用“無詞閱讀法”略讀此段的過程中會發(fā)現(xiàn)第一、二、三和第四句都是關于optical computers的;第五句內容是關于fiber optics的;第六句是關于optical instruments的;第七句是關于fiber optic use and in liquid crystal displays的。顯然段落中在不斷附加新的信息，尋找信息之間的共同點，我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)信息都是和optic有關的，因此答案為viii Exiting innovations in fiber optics,而陷阱為ii Computers and their dependence on glass。

最后一、二句歸納總結前文，如劍6，Test 4，passage 1中的C段(這種情況下，考生根據最后一、二句話歸納段落大意即可)

Selling pharmaceuticals is a daily exercise in ethical judgment. Salespeople like Schaefer walk the line between the common practice of buying a prospect’s time with a free meal, and bribing doctors to prescribe their drugs. They work in an industry highly criticized for its sales and marketing practices, but find themselves in the middle of the age-old chicken-or-egg question – business won’t use strategies that don’t work, so are doctors to blame for the escalating extravagance of pharmaceutical marketing? Or is it the industry’s responsibility to decide the boundaries?

解題：運用無詞閱讀法，略讀該段，考生會發(fā)現(xiàn)段落的第三句后半部分和第四句，作者用邏輯詞so，并采用問句的形式引出結論：so are doctors to blame for the escalating extravagance of pharmaceutical marketing? Or is it the industry’s responsibility to decide the boundaries? 我們在歸納該段的段落大意時，就應該根據第三句so后面的內容來歸納，所以答案選Who is responsible for the increase in promotion?

考生們需要注意，在雅思考試中，以第三種邏輯關系最為常見，而第四種出現(xiàn)頻率最小。

以上就是雅思閱讀復習難點題型分析：配對題的應對策略的所有內容。要解決配對題，主要就是要解決2個問題，一個是怎樣找到或者說概括出各段的段意，另一個是怎樣將這些段意和選項中的段意進行改寫和匹配。因為英文文中的段落基本采用總分總結構，因此找段意主要是在段首和段尾找，這樣就解決了第一個問題了。第二個問題則是需要我們用同義近義詞對這些段意進行轉換。

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