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外國人最想和你聊的名人話題:溫斯頓·丘吉爾

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2018年07月12日

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 About Churchill 關(guān)于丘吉爾
     Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was a British politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War. He is widely regarded as one of the great wartime leaders. He served as Prime Minister twice (1940-1945 and 1951-1955). A noted statesman and orator, Churchill was also an officer in the British Army, a historian, a writer, and an artist. To date, he is the only British prime minister to have received the Nobel Prize in Literature, and he was the first person to be made an honorary citizen of the United States.
     Churchill was born into the aristocratic family of the Dukes of Marlborough. His father, Lord Randolph Churchill, was a charismatic politician who served as Chancellor of the Exchequer; his mother, Jenny Jerome, an American socialite. As a young army officer, he saw action in British India, the Sudan and the Second Boer War. He gained fame as a war correspondent and through books he wrote about his campaigns.
     At the forefront of politics for fifty years, he held many political and cabinet positions. Before World War I, he served as President of the Board of Trade, Home Secretary and First Lord of the Admiralty as part of the Asquith Liberal government. During the war, he continued as First Lord of the Admiralty until the disastrous Gallipoli Campaign, which he had sponsored, caused his departure from government. He then served briefly on the Western Front, commanding the 6th Battalion of the Royal Scots Fusiliers. He returned to government as Minister of Munitions, Secretary of State for War, and Secretary of State for Air. After the War, Churchill served as Chancellor of the Exchequer in the Conservative(Baldwin) government of 1924-1929, controversially returning the pound sterling in 1925 to the gold standard at its pre-War parity, a move widely seen as creating deflationary pressure on the UK economy. Also controversial were Churchill's opposition to increased home rule for India, and his resistance to the 1936 abdication of Edward VIII.
     After the Conservative Party lost the 1945 election, he became Leader of the Opposition. In 1951, he again became Prime Minister, before retiring in 1955. Upon his death, The Queen granted him the honour of a state funeral, which saw one of the largest assemblies of world statesmen ever.
     在通向勝利的漫長歲月里,丘吉爾在其演講中多次發(fā)出戰(zhàn)斗到底的誓言,表達(dá)了英國人民的心聲。他說:"我們將永不停止,永不疲倦,永不讓步,全國人民已立誓要負(fù)起這一任務(wù):在歐洲掃清納粹的毒害,把世界從新的黑暗時(shí)代中拯救出來。......我們想奪取的是希特勒和希特勒主義的生命和靈魂。僅此而已,別無其他,不達(dá)目的,誓不罷休。"丘吉爾在世人心目中已成為英國人民英勇不屈的斗爭精神的集中象征。
     丘吉爾的頭上戴有許多流光溢彩的桂冠,他是著作等身的作家、辯才無礙的演說家、經(jīng)邦治國的政治家、戰(zhàn)爭中的傳奇英雄。1953年,他被授予諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。他在一生中多次經(jīng)歷的議員競選中,在議會的辯論中,尤其是在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中的重要時(shí)刻,發(fā)表了許多富于技巧而且打動(dòng)人心的演講,給人們留下了極深的印象。他來生最愿意做的事也是想跟某人對話:他的來生是想與王爾德對話。丘吉爾之所以青睞奧斯卡·王爾德很大程度上是因?yàn)橥鯛柕碌臋C(jī)智與辯才。的確,為丘吉爾樹立了永垂不朽的豐碑的不僅是他的作品和演講,而且是他作為一個(gè)政治家和反法西斯斗士的光輝業(yè)績。他一生中的大部分時(shí)間都當(dāng)選為議員,曾多次在內(nèi)閣中擔(dān)任要職。他經(jīng)歷了許多次政治上的升沉起伏,每次都以不屈不撓的努力,從不畏懼的斗志戰(zhàn) 勝艱難險(xiǎn)阻而達(dá)到自己的目的,最終登上了光輝的頂峰,在英國處于歷史危機(jī)的嚴(yán)峻關(guān)頭,成為眾望所歸的政治領(lǐng)袖。




     Winston Churchill is another example.
     溫斯頓·丘吉爾是我的另一個(gè)榜樣。
     Early on the third morning Hoprins visited Churchill.
     第三天清早,霍普金斯謁見了丘吉爾。
     This is a clip from one of Churchill's well-known speeches.
     這是丘吉爾著名演說中的一段。
     Chaucer, Shakespeare, Hemingway and Churchill were all men of letters.
     喬叟、莎士比亞、海明威和丘吉爾都是文人。
     People still remember Churchill for his rolling phrases, his magnificent voice.
     人們還記得丘吉爾滔滔不絕的演說和洪亮的聲音。
     Britain's departure is hardly graceful, but it would come as little surprise to Churchill.
     英軍的撤離不能說是有面子的,但是這對丘吉爾來說應(yīng)該一點(diǎn)也不意外。
     It was later said of Churchill that he mobilized the English language and sent it into battle.
     后來有人說丘吉爾讓英語行動(dòng)起來,并把它送上了戰(zhàn)場。
     Churchill was making notes in the margin of a typewritten report, and as he scribbled he occasionally muttered.
     丘吉爾正在審批一份打印的報(bào)告,一面潦草地作眉批,一面低聲自言自語。
     Churchill can, and by driving himself he will succeed, until the last decade of his life, in holding his affliction at bay.
     而且直到生命的最后十年,丘吉爾都能成功地迫使自己遏制住極端的苦惱。
     I had a informal chat president Roosevelt and Churchill.
     我與羅斯??偨y(tǒng)和丘吉爾首相進(jìn)行了一次非正式的談話。
     Churchill, one of the 20th century's greatest orators, practiced his speeches compulsively.
     20世紀(jì)杰出的演說家英國首相丘吉爾,經(jīng)常強(qiáng)迫自己練習(xí)演講。
     What bothered him was that Churchill might use the incident to pretend to Germany's allies that Hitler was extending a peace feeler.
     使他感到煩惱的是,丘吉爾可能利用這次事件向德國的盟國詭稱,希特勒正在伸出和平的觸須。
     By holding up Churchill, Mr. Netanyahu is saying that courage consists of holding tenaciously to one's beliefs, regardless of popularity.
     把丘吉爾的畫像高高掛起,內(nèi)塔尼亞胡就是在說勇氣也包括要固執(zhí)于一個(gè)人的信念,不要被周圍的聲音所左右。
     Churchill said: "I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat."
     丘吉爾說:"除了鮮血,辛苦,眼淚和汗水之外,我什么都不能提供。 "
     The Casablanca Conference between President Roosevelt and Churchill ended.
     羅斯福總統(tǒng)和丘吉爾在摩洛哥卡薩布蘭卡的戰(zhàn)時(shí)會議結(jié)束了。
     The BBC triggered an avalanche with its 100 Greatest Britons poll, won by Churchill.
     BBC進(jìn)行了一次"100個(gè)最偉大的英國人"問卷調(diào)查,引來雪花般飛來的答案--結(jié)果丘吉爾獲勝。
     Churchill set another date for his visit.
     丘吉爾另定他的來訪日期。
     Churchill showed particular interest in naval aviation.
     丘吉爾對海軍航空特別關(guān)心。
     According to this account, the man's grandfather overheard Churchill discussing the alleged incident with US wartime General Dwight Eisenhower.
     根據(jù)這份報(bào)告,丘吉爾曾與戰(zhàn)時(shí)美國的艾森豪威爾將軍討論過這件事情。
     Clement Attlee used a cricketing metaphor to describe the effect of Winston Churchill's pre-eminence on the subsequent generation of Tory politicians.
     克萊曼艾德禮用了一個(gè)搞笑的比喻來描述溫斯頓·丘吉爾作為保守黨政治家后繼者的顯赫地位。
     Reports given to Churchill claimed that a reconnaissance aircraft returning to Britain from a mission was shadowed by a UFO as it crossed the British coast.
     在給丘吉爾的報(bào)告中聲稱:一架執(zhí)行任務(wù)返回英國的偵察機(jī)時(shí),當(dāng)它經(jīng)過海岸時(shí),遇見了一架UFO。
     Most vigorous character to arise anew in European affairs was Britain's Winston Churchill, First Lord of the Admiralty.
     最具活力性格的在歐洲事務(wù)中有新的提升的是英國的溫斯頓·丘吉爾,海軍部第一部長。
     As Winston Churchill hinted in his aphorism, rulers who try to govern without democracy eventually discover that none of the alternative systems works as well.
     像在溫斯頓·丘吉爾在他的名言中暗示的那樣,不依靠民主的獨(dú)裁者最終會發(fā)現(xiàn)任何別的制度都不可行。
     Churchill told de Gaulle in 1944 that, faced with a choice between the continent and le grand large, the British would always choose the second.
     1944年,丘吉爾告訴戴高樂,如果要在歐洲大陸和跨大西洋關(guān)系之間做出選擇的話,英國會堅(jiān)定地選擇后者。
     Churchill desperately tried to draw America into the war.
     丘吉爾不惜一切代價(jià)要把美國拖入戰(zhàn)爭。
     Churchill is war heroism.
     丘吉爾是戰(zhàn)爭英雄主義。
     This was a work of rhetorical art that, in its seriousness, bravery and clarity, was on a par with FDR and Churchill.
     這是一件修辭藝術(shù)的杰作,其嚴(yán)肅、勇敢和清晰,堪比羅斯福和丘吉爾。
     British wartime prime minister Churchill banned the reporting for 50 years of an alleged UFO incident because of fears it could create mass panic.
     英國戰(zhàn)時(shí)前總理丘吉爾禁止50年報(bào)道UFO的事件,是因?yàn)閾?dān)心會引起大眾的恐慌。




     Mike: What are you reading?
     麥克:你在讀什么呢?
     Daisy: I'm reading the speech of Churchill.
     黛西:我在讀丘吉爾的演講稿。
     Mike: Are you practicing your public speaking?
     麥克:你是在練習(xí)公眾演講嗎?
     Daisy: Yes, Churchill also learns speaking in his spare time.黛西:是的,丘吉爾在空閑時(shí)也練習(xí)演講。
     Mike: Churchill is a great speaker.
     麥克:丘吉爾是一個(gè)偉大的演說家。
     Daisy: I'm not very confident in public speaking.
     黛西:我在公眾演講時(shí)很不自信。
     Mike: You just need more practice.
     麥克:你需要多多練習(xí)。
     Daisy: I'm fear of stage.
     黛西:我很怯場。
     Mike: Me too, but after speaking several time, I get used to it.
     麥克:我也是,但說過幾次后,我就習(xí)慣了。
     Daisy: Do not panic, just say the words naturally.
     黛西:不要慌,自然地去說就可以了。
     Mike: You can watch videos of Churchill giving a speech.
     麥克:你可以看看丘吉爾演講的視頻。
     Daisy: OK, I will.
     黛西:好的,我去看看。
    

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