外國(guó)人最想和你聊的時(shí)事話題：瀕危物種
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- 關(guān)鍵詞句
What is endangered species 什么是瀕危物種
An endangered species is a population of organisms which is at risk of becoming extinct because it is either few in numbers, or threatened by changing environmental or predation parameters. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has calculated the percentage of endangered species as 40 percent of all organisms based on the sample of species that have been evaluated through 2006.
Many nations have laws offering protection to conservation reliant species: for example, forbidding hunting, restricting land development or creating preserves.
Only a few of the many species at risk of extinction actually make it to the lists and obtain legal protection like Pandas. Many more species become extinct, or potentially will become extinct, without gaining public notice.
The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that endangered species not living. Many factors are taken into account when assessing the conservation status of a species； not simply the number remaining, but the overall increase or decrease in the population over time, breeding success rates, known threats, and so on.
Internationally, 199 countries have signed an accord agreeing to create Biodiversity Action Plans to protect endangered and other threatened species. In the United States this plan is usually called a species Recovery Plan.
Captive breeding is the process of breeding rare or endangered species in human controlled environments with restricted settings, such as wildlife preserves, zoos and other conservation facilities. Captive breeding is meant to save species from going extinct. It is supposed to stabilize the population of the species so it is no longer at risk for disappearing.
This technique has been used with success for many species for some time, with probably the oldest known such instances of captive mating being attributed to menageries of European and Asian rulers, a case in point being the Pere David's Deer. However, captive breeding techniques are usually difficult to implement for highly mobile species like some migratory birds (e.g. cranes) and fishes (e.g. Hilsa). Additionally, if the captive breeding population is too small, inbreeding may occur due to a reduced gene pool； this may lead to the population lacking immunity to diseases.
從廣義上講，瀕危物種(endangered species)泛指珍貴、瀕?；蛳∮械囊吧鷦?dòng)植物（wild fauna and flora）；從野生動(dòng)植物管理學(xué)角度講，瀕危物種是指《瀕危野生動(dòng)植物物種國(guó)際貿(mào)易公約》（Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora，CITES，1973年3月3日簽訂于華盛頓）附錄所列物種（species）及國(guó)家和地方重點(diǎn)保護(hù)的野生動(dòng)植物。瀕危物種可以分為絕對(duì)性(absoluteness)和相對(duì)性(relativity)兩種。絕對(duì)性是指瀕危物種在相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的一個(gè)時(shí)期內(nèi)野生種群數(shù)量較少，存在滅絕危險(xiǎn)。相對(duì)性是指某些瀕危物種的野生種群絕對(duì)數(shù)量并不太少，但相對(duì)于同一類別的其他物種來說卻很少；或者是指某些瀕危物種，在另外一些國(guó)家或地區(qū)可能并不被認(rèn)為是瀕危物種。
Environmentalists saw last year's endangered-species legislation as weak and only minimally effective.
環(huán)保主義者認(rèn)為去年的瀕危物種立法沒有權(quán)威，收效甚微。
Protect rare and endangered species is in urgent need.
保護(hù)珍稀瀕危物種迫在眉睫。
We should protect endangered species and their ova.
我們應(yīng)當(dāng)保護(hù)瀕危物種和它們的卵細(xì)胞。
This is a rare and endangered species Breeding center.
這是一個(gè)珍稀瀕危物種繁育基地。
In Australia, endangered species face deadly triangles of foxes cats and rabbits.
在澳大利亞，瀕危物種面對(duì)致命的三個(gè)敵人是狐貍、貓和兔子。
The establishment of nature reserves has put a number of representative and typical natural eco-systems with scientific research value as well as rare and endangered species under effective protection.
自然保護(hù)區(qū)的建立，使一批具有代表性、典型性、科學(xué)研究?jī)r(jià)值的自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和珍稀瀕危物種得到有效保護(hù)。
It has many rare animals, trees and plants. Some of them are endangered.
公園里有許多珍稀動(dòng)物、樹木及其他植物，其中一些是瀕危物種。
The World Conservation Union lists the whale shark as a vulnerable species.
世界保護(hù)聯(lián)盟將鯨鯊列入瀕危物種。
What is the significance of retrieval of species in severe danger?
拯救瀕危物種有什么意義？
This island is maintained as a sanctuary for endangered species.
那個(gè)島繼續(xù)作為瀕危物種的保護(hù)區(qū)。
Giant panda is a well-known endangered animal, which is distributed only in China.
大熊貓是我國(guó)特有的瀕危物種。
Under the IUCN Red List of threatened species, the whale sharks are categorized as "vulnerable" to extinction.
在國(guó)際自然與自然資源保護(hù)聯(lián)合會(huì)的瀕危物種名單上，鯨鯊已被劃入"瀕臨滅絕物種"之列。
The failed attempt to save the cedars underscores the state of endangered-species protection in Canada.
未能挽救這些杉樹的事實(shí)表明了在加拿大保護(hù)瀕危物種被忽視的狀況。
The first Earth Day was very successful, inspiring the passage of congressional protection for air, water, and endangered species.
第一個(gè)地球日是非常成功的，它促進(jìn)了國(guó)會(huì)立法保護(hù)空氣、水和瀕危物種。
The area is known for its wide range of fauna, including 260 bird species, the Bengal tiger and other threatened species such as the estuarine crocodile and the Indian python.
該地區(qū)因動(dòng)物物種多樣性而聞名于世，其中包括260多種鳥類，孟加拉虎和多種珍稀瀕危物種（如灣鱷和印度蟒蛇等）。
Part 3 Let's Talk！ 開始交流吧！
Angela: The scientists discover 15 thousand new species every year.
安吉拉：科學(xué)家們每年都會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)約1.5萬個(gè)新物種。
Cathy: Some of them have eccentric shapes.
凱西：其中有很多物種的形狀非常奇特怪異。
Angela: Like the Danionella Dracula, it has monstrous looks.
安吉拉：如外形丑陋恐怖的吸血鬼魚。
Cathy: And the Blind snake which is as slim as noodles.
凱西：還有細(xì)如面條的盲蛇。
Angela: The Histiophryne psychedelica is adept in hiding in order to avoid dangers.
安吉拉：迷幻魚善于隱藏來逃避危險(xiǎn)。
Cathy: And the pink millipedes of Thailand.
凱西：還有泰國(guó)的粉紅色千足蟲。
Angela: The Fruit bat in Philippines looks like fox.
安吉拉：菲律賓的果蝠樣子看起來像狐貍。
Cathy: The Macropinna microstoma in California has a ball and transparent head which is full of liquid.
凱西：還有加州的管眼魚，擁有一個(gè)透明、充滿液體的圓形頭部。
Angela: As a cockpit of plane.
安吉拉：看起來像飛機(jī)駕駛座艙一樣。
Cathy: The world is so wonderful!
凱西：世界真是太奇妙了！
Angela: Indeed, because of natural calamities and man-made misfortunes, great many of animals and plants disappear every year, which is not in favor of keeping ecological balance.
安吉拉：的確，由于天災(zāi)人禍，每年都有大量動(dòng)植物消失，這不利于保持生態(tài)平衡。
Cathy: It is the doomsday for human when all living things die out.
凱西：當(dāng)所有生物都滅絕的時(shí)候就是人類的末日了。
Angela: The countries take measures to protect these endangered species, but there are still numerous creatures extinct.
安吉拉：世界各國(guó)也采取了很多辦法保護(hù)瀕危物種，但仍有無數(shù)的生物滅絕。
Cathy: What are the measures?
凱西：都有哪些保護(hù)措施呢？
Angela: Such as establish natural protection area, artificial breeding of endangered species and cultivate new species.
安吉拉：比如設(shè)置自然保護(hù)區(qū)，人工培育瀕危物種，不斷培育新物種等等。
Cathy: I like Chinese panda very much, which is said to be endangered species.
凱西：我很喜歡中國(guó)的大熊貓，聽說那也是瀕危物種。
Angela: Yes, due to deforestation and excessive hunting, there are only small quantities of pandas.
安吉拉：是啊，由于濫伐森林以及過度捕捉，現(xiàn)存大熊貓的數(shù)量已經(jīng)很少了。
Cathy: I really hope that the countries can take positive measures to protect these endangered species and prevent them from extinction.
凱西：希望各國(guó)能夠積極采取保護(hù)措施，防止這些生物滅絕。
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